Pulmonary Response, Oxidative Stress and Genotoxicity Induced by Carbon Nanofibers

Details

• Personal Author:
  Castranova, Vincent ; Chirila M ; Fadeel B ; Kagan VE ; Keohavong P ; Kisin E ; Leonard, Stephen S. ; Mercer RR ; Murray AR ; Scabilloni J ; Schwegler-Berry D ; Shvedova AA ; Young SH
• Description:
  Carbon-based nanomaterials are considered to be one of the key elements in nanotechnology. Their structure gives an unusual combination of properties that are highly desirable for many industrial products. High aspect ratio makes them an attractive structural material, but their nanometer-scale diameter and needle-like shape have drawn comparisons with asbestos. It is known that inhaled asbestos fibers induce proliferation of connective tissue (fibrogenic response) and increase the risk of acquiring pulmonary carcinoma. We have previously reported that exposure to fibrous single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) caused a robust, acute inflammation with early onset of interstitial fibrosis, formation of granulomas, K-ras mutations found in mouse lungs and DNA damage observed in V79 cells. In the current study, we compared effects of carbon-based nanofibers (Pyrograf-III) with asbestos fibers (crocidolite) or SWCNT in vivo and in vitro. We found that in vitro exposure of RAW264.7 macrophages to nanofibers caused cytotoxicity and ROS production. Additionally, treatment of V79 cells with nanofibers caused adverse effects examined by two different genotoxicity assays (comet and micronucleus tests). Pulmonary exposure to nanofibers resulted in an augmentation of biomarkers of cell injury and oxidative stress, strong acute inflammation, as well as interstitial fibrosis and increased collagen deposition in mouse lungs. Mice exposed to an equal dose of nanofibers or asbestos induced less collagen deposition as compared to that seen after exposure to SWCNT. Our current results strongly indicate the need for further assessments on the health effects of nanofibers. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  DNA Dust Environmental Monitoring Hazardous Substances Irritants Laboratories Lung Lung Diseases Microbiology Neoplasms Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory Hypersensitivity Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Risk Assessment Safety

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• Keywords:
  Biological-effects Cell-biology Cell-damage Cell-function Cellular-reactions DNA-damage Dust-exposure Dust-particles Exposure-assessment Exposure-levels Exposure-methods Health-hazards Inhalation-studies Laboratory-animals Laboratory-testing Lung-irritants Microscopic-analysis Molecular-biology Molecular-structure Nanotechnology Oxidation Oxidative-processes Oxygen-transport Particulate-dust Particulates Pulmonary-cancer Pulmonary-disorders Pulmonary-system Pulmonary-system-disorders Respirable-dust Respiratory-hypersensitivity Respiratory-infections Respiratory-irritants Risk-analysis Statistical-analysis Toxic-effects

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 8 ; Pennsylvania ; Utah ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  114
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20036621
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2010 Mar; 114(1):169
• CAS Registry Number:
  Asbestos (CAS RN 1332-21-4) ; Carbon (CAS RN 7440-44-0)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2010
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Performing Organization:
  University of Pittsburgh at Pittsburgh
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 49th Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 7-11, 2010, Salt Lake City, Utah
• End Date:
  20160630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:72a01b65ffd0c751351731290e3b0a1b55532a9e140d850221269d4cd83f991f14e6dcd961338fb7653b89e87c3c93851a699fb6000066628ff6005dc0ac9506
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/187973/cdc_187973_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 727.28 KB ]