Particle Length-Dependent Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterials Toxicity and Bioactivity

Details

• Personal Author:
  Buford M ; Hamilton RF Jr. ; Holian A ; Porter, Dale ; Wolfarth M ; Wu N
• Description:
  Background: Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanomaterials have considerable beneficial uses as photocatalysts and solar cells. It has been established for many years that pigment-grade TiO2 (200 nm sphere) is relatively inert when internalized into a biological model system (in vivo or in vitro). For this reason, TiO2 nanomaterials are considered an attractive alternative in applications where biological exposures will occur. Unfortunately, metal oxides on the nanoscale (one dimension < 100 nm) may or may not exhibit the same toxic potential as the original material. A further complicating issue is the effect of modifying or engineering of the nanomaterial to be structurally and geometrically different from the original material. Results: TiO2 nanospheres, short (< 5 um) and long (> 15 um) nanobelts were synthesized, characterized and tested for biological activity using primary murine alveolar macrophages and in vivo in mice. This study demonstrates that alteration of anatase TiO2 nanomaterial into a fibre structure of greater than 15 um creates a highly toxic particle and initiates an inflammatory response by alveolar macrophages. These fibre-shaped nanomaterials induced inflammasome activation and release of inflammatory cytokines through a cathepsin B-mediated mechanism. Consequently, long TiO2 nanobelts interact with lung macrophages in a manner very similar to asbestos or silica. Conclusions: These observations suggest that any modification of a nanomaterial, resulting in a wire, fibre, belt or tube, be tested for pathogenic potential. As this study demonstrates, toxicity and pathogenic potential change dramatically as the shape of the material is altered into one that a phagocytic cell has difficulty processing, resulting in lysosomal disruption. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollutants, Occupational Cytotoxins Dust Environmental Monitoring Hazardous Substances Laboratories Lung Metals Microbiology Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory System Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety

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• Keywords:
  Airborne-particles Alveolar-cells Biohazards Biological-effects Biological-systems Cell-biology Cytotoxic-effects Exposure-assessment Exposure-levels Exposure-methods Fibrous-dusts Inhalation-studies Laboratory-animals Laboratory-testing Metal-oxides Microscopic-analysis Nanotechnology Particulate-dust Particulate-sampling-methods Particulates Pathogenicity Phagocytes Respirable-dust Respiration Risk-factors Statistical-analysis Toxic-effects Toxic-materials

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• ISSN:
  1743-8977
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Montana ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 8 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  35
• Volume:
  6
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20036365
• Citation:
  Part Fibre Toxicol 2009 Dec; 6:35
• Contact Point Address:
  Andrij Holian, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT
• Email:
  andrij.holian@mso.umt.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  Titania (CAS RN 13463-67-7)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2010
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Particle and Fibre Toxicology
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:7f3f764eb51f343a590f4981748bdcf98e5205624dfe85c0360b1ef9cdfbc5b4b109874d4f15ddcfd6ca789d1220763da6a9d2e89d26fdb7fddda4a993f09d42
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/187827/cdc_187827_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 896.30 KB ]