Cortisol Patterns and Brachial Artery Reactivity in a High Stress Environment

Details

• Personal Author:
  Andrew, Michael E. ; Burchfiel CM ; Charles LE ; Dorn J ; Fekedulegn D ; Hartley TA ; Miller DB ; Violanti JM
• Description:
  Chronic stress can result in frequent or persistent challenges of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis resulting in abnormal cortisol patterns and increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Police work is an environment replete with stress. The present article describes associations between cortisol, a biomarker of stress, and brachial artery flow mediated dilation (FMD) in police officers. A random sample stratified on gender (n = 100, 33% women) was generated from officers in a mid-sized urban department. Four salivary cortisol parameters were derived: after awakening, following a standardized high protein meal challenge, during the entire day, and after a dexamethasone suppression test. Continuous scan B-Mode ultrasound was used to measure percent change in brachial artery FMD following occlusion and release. Elevated cortisol secretion after awakening was significantly associated with impaired FMD in women, reflected by an inverse trend. Adjustment for age, smoking, and alcohol consumption did not appreciably alter this trend. A similar result was not evident among male officers. Responses of other cortisol challenges to the HPA axis were not associated with FMD. In conclusion, increased cortisol secretion after awakening was independently associated with impaired FMD in female police officers only, indicating a possible link between HPA axis stress response and subclinical CVD. However, because associations were not found with other cortisol parameters and were not evident in male officers, replication of these findings with a prospective study design may be warranted. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Biomarkers Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular System Law Enforcement Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Stress BCOPS Cardiovascular Cardiovascular Disease Cortisol Police Police Officers Stress
• ISSN:
  0165-1781
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Contract
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  New York ; OSHA Region 2 ; OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  75-81
• Volume:
  169
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20035877
• Citation:
  Psychiatry Res 2009 Aug; 169(1):75-81
• Contact Point Address:
  John M. Violantia, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, 270 Farber Hall, State University of NY at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214
• Email:
  violanti@buffalo.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2009
• NORA Priority Area:
  Services ; Public Safety
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Psychiatry Research
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:7117d6261eff079bf697215a2bc708c7697ca4e8c50d849291a9775a5a1cc80901d664d26cec96c6661766ac3b434e6af4f718c717557ec1fe600e8b3bbe58d6
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/187559/cdc_187559_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 220.83 KB ]