Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Agricultural Workers

Details

• Personal Author:
  Kisby GE ; Koshy M ; Kow YW ; Lasarev MR ; McCauley L ; Muniz JF ; Scherer J
• Description:
  Oxidative stress and DNA damage have been proposed as mechanisms linking pesticide exposure to health effects such as cancer and neurological diseases. A pilot study of pesticide applicators and farm workers working in the fruit orchards of Oregon (i.e., apples, pears) was conducted to examine the relationship between organophosphate (OP) pesticide exposure and oxidative stress and DNA damage. Urine samples were analyzed for OP metabolites and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG). Lymphocytes were analyzed for oxidative DNA repair activity and DNA damage (Comet assay) and serum analyzed for lipid peroxides (i.e., malondialdehyde [MDA]). Cellular DNA damage in agricultural workers was validated using lymphocyte cell cultures. Urinary OP metabolites were significantly higher in farm workers and applicators (p < .001) when compared to controls. 8-OH-dG levels were 8.5 times and 2.3 times higher in farm workers and applicators, respectively, than in controls. Serum MDA levels were 4.9 times and 24 times higher in farm workers and applicators, respectively, than in controls. DNA damage and oxidative DNA repair were significantly greater in lymphocytes from applicators and farm workers when compared with controls. A separate field study showed that DNA damage was also significantly greater (p < .001) in buccal cells (i.e., leukocytes) collected from migrant farm workers working with fungicides in the berry crops in Oregon. Markers of oxidative stress (i.e., reactive oxygen species, reduced levels of glutathione) and oxidative DNA damage were also observed in lymphocyte cell cultures treated with an OP. The findings from these in vivo and in vitro studies indicate that pesticides induce oxidative stress and DNA damage in agricultural workers. These biomarkers may be useful for increasing our understanding of the link between pesticides and cancer. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Agriculture Environmental Monitoring Insecticides Nervous System Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) Agricultural-chemicals Agricultural-workers Author Keywords: Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endonuclease (APE) Comet Assay DNA Damage Exposure-assessment Fungicides Glutathione Malondialdehyde (MDA) Neurotoxic-effects Occupational-exposure Occupational-hazards Oral Leukocytes Organophosphate Pesticides Oxidative-stress Pesticides Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

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• ISSN:
  1059-924X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant ; Cooperative Agreement
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Georgia ; Oregon ; OSHA Region 10 ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 5 ; Pennsylvania ; Washington ; Wisconsin
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  206-214
• Volume:
  14
• Issue:
  2
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20035398
• Citation:
  J Agromedicine 2009 Apr; 14(2):206-214
• Contact Point Address:
  Glen E. Kisby, Center for Research on Occupational and Environmental Toxicology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97201
• Email:
  kisby@ohsu.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2009
• NORA Priority Area:
  Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing
• Performing Organization:
  University of Washington
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20010930
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Agromedicine
• End Date:
  20270929
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:c66bc44c12cad18a204d9b9a2b0430b1281066fc75c747dd55f6d0eaf17b932703585504a2e0920d2661b40bfa5594171120a9898498df9e6771178eaf7ec88d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/187267/cdc_187267_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 522.80 KB ]