Comparison of Chlorpyrifos-Oxon and Paraoxon Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition Dynamics: Potential Role of a Peripheral Binding Site

Details

• Personal Author:
  Kousba A ; Poet T ; Sultatos LG ; Timchalk C ; Kousba A ; Poet T ; Sultatos LG ; Timchalk C
• Description:
  The primary mechanism of action for organophosphorus (OP) insecticides, like chlorpyrifos and parathion, is to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by their oxygenated metabolites (oxons), due to the phosphorylation of the serine hydroxyl group located in the active site of the molecule. The rate of phosphorylation is described by the bimolecular inhibitory rate constant (ki), which has been used for quantification of OP inhibitory capacity. It has been proposed that a peripheral binding site exists on the AChE molecule, which, when occupied, reduces the capacity of additional oxon molecules to phosphorylate the active site. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interaction of chlorpyrifos oxon (CPO) and paraoxon (PO) with rat brain AChE to assess the dynamics of AChE inhibition and the potential role of a peripheral binding site. The ki values for AChE inhibition determined at oxon concentrations of 1-100 nM were 0.206 +/- 0.018 and 0.0216 nM-1h-1 for CPO and PO, respectively. The spontaneous reactivation rates of the inhibited AChE for CPO and PO were 0.084-0.087 (two determinations) and 0.091 +/- 0.023 h-1, respectively. In contrast, the ki values estimated at a low oxon concentration (1 pM) were 1,000- and 10,000-fold higher than those determined at high CPO and PO concentrations, respectively. At low concentrations, the ki estimates were approximately similar for both CPO and PO (150-180 [two determinations] and 300 +/- 180 nM-1h-1, respectively). This implies that, at low concentrations, both oxons exhibited similar inhibitory potency in contrast to the marked difference exhibited at higher concentrations. These results support the potential importance of a secondary peripheral binding site associated with AChE kinetics, particularly at low, environmentally relevant concentrations. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular System Environmental Health Insecticides Laboratories Nervous System Nervous System Diseases Occupational Health Organophosphates Safety
• Keywords:
  Brain-electrical-activity Brain-function Cerebrovascular-system-disorders Environmental-factors In-vitro-studies Insecticide-poisoning Laboratory-animals Models Organo-phosphorus-compounds Organo-phosphorus-pesticides Pesticides Quantitative-analysis

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Publisher:
  Society of Toxicology
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article ; Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  New Jersey ; OSHA Region 10 ; OSHA Region 2 ; Washington
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health ; Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America ; North America
• Pages in Document:
  239-248
• Volume:
  80
• Issue:
  2
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20032917
• Citation:
  Toxicol Sci 2004 Aug; 80(2):239-248
• Contact Point Address:
  C. Timchalk, Battelle, Pacific Northwest Division, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352
• Email:
  charles.timchalk@pnl.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Chlorpyrifos (CAS RN 2921-88-2) ; Chlorpyrifos (CAS RN 2921-88-2)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2004
• NORA Priority Area:
  Research Tools and Approaches: Exposure Assessment Methods ; Research Tools and Approaches: Exposure Assessment Methods
• Performing Organization:
  Battelle Memorial Institute, Richland, Washington
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20010930
• Source Full Name:
  Toxicological Sciences
• End Date:
  20050929
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:fafefea6a38c531904f17e30cd9d92bf73b455265434823888488cd48119d0a4f1d79ef538c308cf6a82e32d491b278fc911547713e89aae951c38c8e05d078f
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/186704/cdc_186704_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 364.93 KB ]