Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Organophosphorus and Carbamate Pesticides

Details

• Personal Author:
  Timchalk C
• Description:
  This chapter has illustrated the applications of PBPK/PD modeling to assess OP and potentially CM insecticide dosimetry, biological response, and risk in humans exposed to these insecticides. Pharmacokinetics is concerned with the quantitative integration of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion and can be used to provide insight into the toxicological responses associated with these insecticides. Since OP and CM insecticides share a common mode of action through their capability to inhibited AChE activity, it is feasible to develop pharmacokinetic strategies that link quantitative dosimetry with biologically based PD response modeling. Pharmacokinetic studies that have been conducted in multiple species, at various dose levels, and across different routes of exposure have provided important insight into the in vivo behavior of these insecticides. The development and application of PBPK/PD modeling for these insecticides represents a unique opportunity to quantitatively assess human health risk and to understand the toxicological implications of known or suspected exposures. Validated PBPK/PD models can be used to consider the potential variability in human response associated with both interindividual (i.e., age, gender, and polymorphism) and extrinsic variability (i.e., exposure routes and rates, and single vs multiple exposures). [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Blood Hematologic Tests Insecticides Nervous System Nervous System Diseases Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Organophosphates Safety
• Keywords:
  Acute-exposure Blood-samples Brain-disorders Brain-function Exposure-levels Gas-chromatography Models Neurotoxic-effects Neurotoxicity Neurotoxins Organo-phosphorus-compounds Organo-phosphorus-pesticides Pharmacodynamics

  More +
• ISBN:
  9780120885237
• Publisher:
  Academic Press
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Book
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 10 ; Washington
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  103-125
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20032913
• Citation:
  Toxicology of organophosphate & carbamate compounds. Gupta RC, ed. Boston, MA: Academic Press, 2006 Jan; :103-125
• Editor(s):
  Gupta RC
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2006
• NORA Priority Area:
  Research Tools and Approaches: Exposure Assessment Methods
• Performing Organization:
  Battelle Memorial Institute, Richland, Washington
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  20010930
• Source Full Name:
  Toxicology of organophosphate & carbamate compounds
• End Date:
  20050929
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:0f1e37fcbd86c4569df796e63c6bf41328b3aeb404330fb2ba42d729ddc09f1ee240821313a680fff38611098abf740a4933bf457142ceac1ed7d9c517bc426c
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/186700/cdc_186700_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 2.71 MB ]