Divergent Roles for Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha in the Brain

Details

• Personal Author:
  O'Callaghan JP ; Sriram K
• Description:
  Proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. Prominent among such factors is the pleiotropic cytokine, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a. Under normal physiological conditions, TNF-a orchestrates a diverse array of functions involved in immune surveillance and defense, cellular homeostasis, and protection against certain neurological insults. However, paradoxical effects of this cytokine have been observed. TNF-a is elicited in the brain following injury (ischemia, trauma), infection (HIV, meningitis), neurodegeneration (Alzheimer's, Parkinson's), and chemically induced neurotoxicity. The multifarious identity for this cytokine appears to be influenced by several mechanisms. Among the most prominent are the regulation of TNFa-induced NF-kB activation by adapter proteins such as TRADD and TRAF, and second, the heterogeneity of microglia and their distribution pattern across brain regions. Here, we review the differential role of TNF-a in response to brain injury, with emphasis on neurodegeneration, and discuss the possible mechanisms for such diverse and region-specific effects. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Neoplasms Nervous System Nervous System Diseases Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Analytical-Method Analytical-methods Analytical-models Analytical-processes Brain-disorders Brain-tumors Neurological-diseases Neuropathology Neurotoxic-effects Pathogenicity Pathogens Traumatic-injuries

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• ISSN:
  1557-1890
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  140-153
• Volume:
  2
• Issue:
  2
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20032592
• Citation:
  J Neuroimmune Pharm 2007 Jun; 2(2):140-153
• Contact Point Address:
  James P. O'Callaghan, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC-NIOSH, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505
• Email:
  jdo5@cdc.gov
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2007
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:41f967ee6db5b197f7e77a2b160c746322d5f0026a503fd47e47628f2377443eb4e2242af9ecfac79759e5f0c868c131a2f91dc63b72595ac39d667d4e8db0d6
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/186509/cdc_186509_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 2.43 MB ]