The Clinical Laboratory in the Diagnosis of Overexposure to Agrochemicals

Details

• Personal Author:
  Keifer, Max ; Keifer, Max
• Description:
  Pesticides are the most toxic agrochemicals, and the World Health Organization estimates that 3 million acute pesticide poisonings occur yearly worldwide, with about 220,000 deaths. Others estimate the annual global toll of poisonings at 25 million. The cholinesterase inhibitors (organophosphates and N-methyl carbamates) are the chemical pesticides most commonly implicated in poisonings, but other pesticides, including herbicides, fungicides, and fumigants, may cause illness. Despite these numbers, even rural clinicians rarely see agrochemical poisonings. While many assays are available only at specialty laboratories, the informed laboratory specialist can help enormously in solving puzzling cases, obtaining important legal evidence, and ruling out exposure when not present. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Agriculture Chemistry Cholinesterase Inhibitors Fungi Fungicide, Industrial Hazardous Substances Herbicides Insecticides Occupational Health Poisoning Safety

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• Keywords:
  Agricultural-chemicals Chemical-properties Chemical-synthesis Cholinesterase-inhibitors Exposure-levels Exposure-limits Fumigants Fungicides Pesticides Pesticides-and-agricultural-chemicals Poisons Toxic-effects

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• ISSN:
  0007-5027
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Cooperative Agreement
• Genre:
  Journal Article ; Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 10 ; Washington
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health ; Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America ; North America
• Volume:
  29
• Issue:
  11
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20032195
• Citation:
  Lab Med 1998 Nov; 29(11):689-695
• Email:
  mkeifer@u.washington.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1999
• NORA Priority Area:
  Neurotoxic Disorders ; Neurotoxic Effects ; Neurotoxic Disorders ; Neurotoxic Effects
• Performing Organization:
  University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  19960930
• Source Full Name:
  Laboratory Medicine
• End Date:
  20020929
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:333bb3f3eca531829182ae22c6341ce7eb741c43857943007647359a7f72560fbec7f42e4deb0dcedc9fbe07b1172dd2be368bd5b0e1f1534b63aecc0eec9e40
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/186234/cdc_186234_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 18.07 MB ]