Trichothecene mycotoxins in aerosolized conidia of Stachybotrys atra.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Frazer DG ; Jarvis BB ; Robinson VA ; Simpson J ; Sorenson WG
• Description:
  This study was conducted to determine whether conidia of Stachybotrys-atra contained macrocyclic trichothecenes. The conditions of aerosol generation were such as to reduce the number of larger particles from that which would be expected to occur in the workplace, so as to more easily fulfill the purpose of the study by enriching the small particle component. A total of 7,163 particles in 100 microscopic fields were classified as conidia, hyphal fragments, and other. Conidia and respirable size hyphal fragments made up greater than 90 percent of the total respirable airborne fragments. A dose dependent inhibition of protein synthesis in rat alveolar macrophages was noted within 1 hour following contact with extracts from spore preparations. The ability of mouse thymocytes to respond to crude preparations of rat interleukin-1 was greatly inhibited by satratoxin-H (53126640) and the spore extracts. Analysis indicated that each filter contained one or more of the specific trichothecenes. Stachybotrys species have been much less frequently noted in surveys of airborne fungi in homes and offices than other genera, and thus they may have seemed to be of lesser importance. However, the trichothecene mycotoxins are acutely toxic to a variety of mammalian species, strongly inhibit protein, DNA, and RNA synthesis in eucaryotic cells, and are immunotoxic in rats and mice. The finding of trichothecene mycotoxins in aerosolized respirable conidia of S-atra demonstrates the possibility for pulmonary exposure of workers to these toxins contained in moldy hay, contaminated ductwork, and carpets heavily contaminated by S-atra. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aerosols Air Pollutants, Occupational Air Pollution, Indoor Dust Fungi Inhalation Exposure Mycoses Occupational Health Particulate Matter Safety
• Keywords:
  Aerosol-sampling Air-contamination Airborne-dusts Fungal-diseases Inhalants Mycology NIOSH-Author Respirable-dust
• ISSN:
  0099-2240
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DRDS - Division of Respiratory Disease Studies
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  53
• Issue:
  6
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00175515
• Citation:
  Appl Environ Microbiol 1987 Jun; 53(6):1370-1375
• Contact Point Address:
  W. G. Sorenson, Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 265051
• CAS Registry Number:
  Satratoxin H (CAS RN 53126-64-0)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1987
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Applied and Environmental Microbiology
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:94a00833d9f8d69d381b7edd024fdc846707689bcfd7cced5a2621a9b8a61860c6de258fd4956e9ecb1bcc8d8b9bd61a2a3b45a0a96c4c47531d30013c8b3334
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/185376/cdc_185376_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.23 MB ]