Heinz body production and hematological changes in the hen after administration of a single oral dose of n-butyl mercaptan and n- butyl disulfide.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Abdo KM ; Abou-Donia MB ; Graham DG ; Timmons PR ; Abdo KM ; Abou-Donia MB ; Graham DG ; Timmons PR
• Description:
  Hematological changes were studied in hens treated with n-butyl- mercaptan (109795) or n-butyl-disulfide (629458). A single dose of 500 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) n-butyl-mercaptan or n-butyl- disulfide in a gelatin capsule was given to Leghorn-hens. Other hens were given gelatin capsules alone. Hens were observed daily for clinical signs of treatment. Blood samples were taken 24, 48 and 72 hours after treatment. Blood was examined by light and electron microscopy. Hemoglobin, methemoglobin and packed cell volume were determined. Enzymatic analysis was by standard methods. Treated and control hens were killed 7 days after treatment. The effect of n-butyl-mercaptan on plasma butyryl-cholinesterase and brain acetylcholinesterase was studied after hens were given single oral doses of 100, 400 or 500mg/kg. These hens were killed at 28 days. Treated hens showed weakness which progressed to inability to stand by 3 days after treatment. Combs paled 18 to 24 hours after dosing, but were dark purple by 48 hours. Heinz bodies and erythrocyte deformation and lysis were observed in blood at 24 and 48 hours. By 72 hours over 90 percent of red blood cells returned to normal. No Heinz bodies were found in red blood cells from controls. Hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, and glucose- 6-phosphate-dehydrogenase activity were lower than controls but methemoglobin was significantly higher. As clinical conditions improved, hematologic changes disappeared. n-Butyl-mercaptan caused a dose dependent initial increase in plasma butyryl-cholinesterase activity which returned to normal by day 28. Brain acetylcholinesterase did not differ from controls. The authors conclude that toxic effects of n-butyl-mercaptan and n-butyl- disulfide are not related to inhibition of cholinesterase enzymes. Adverse effects of these compounds include Heinz body formation and erythrocyte damage. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Biology Chemistry Cytology Energy Metabolism Hazardous Substances Histology Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Animal-studies Biological-effects Chemical-analysis Exposure-levels Metabolic-study NIOSH-Grant NIOSH-Publication Physiology Tissue-distribution Toxic-materials
• ISSN:
  0272-0590
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article ; Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  North Carolina ; OSHA Region 4
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health ; Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America ; North America
• Pages in Document:
  69-74
• Volume:
  3
• Issue:
  2
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00152620
• Citation:
  Fundam Appl Toxicol 1983 Mar; 3(2):69-74
• Contact Point Address:
  Pharmacology Duke University Department of Pharmacology Durham, NC 27710
• CAS Registry Number:
  Butanethiol (CAS RN 109-79-5) ; Butyl disulfide (CAS RN 629-45-8) ; Butanethiol (CAS RN 109-79-5) ; Butyl disulfide (CAS RN 629-45-8)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1983
• NORA Priority Area:
  Neurotoxic Effects ; Neurotoxic Effects
• Performing Organization:
  Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  19790401
• Source Full Name:
  Fundamental and Applied Toxicology
• End Date:
  19980331
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:337c7fe5e6f5958b36bef6fbe3871b3a8798f53d3457180771985920bc527e839b113c64ca57115b3ada6373987706c8f1f0240b6a9922e3c344bb5cd736aab3
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/184899/cdc_184899_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.04 MB ]