Comparison of some mono- and diisocyanates as sensory irritants.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Alarie Y ; Matijak M ; Sangha GK
• Description:
  The irritant effects of aromatic mono isocyanates and aliphatic isocyanates were investigated in Swiss-Webster-mice. Animals were exposed to atmospheres containing various concentrations of 1,6- hexamethylene-diisocyanate (822060) (HDI), o-toluene-isocyanate (614686) (o-TMI), p-toluene-isocyanate (622582), phenylisocyanate (103719), and hexylisocyanate (2525624) in an exposure chamber. Onset of response and recovery and concentration and response relationships were established for each isocyanate. A general pattern was seen in which the response was gradual, reaching a first maximum 10 to 20 minutes after exposure and continuing to increase slowly to an apparent plateau at 180 minutes. Recovery was rapid with short exposures and slow with longer exposures regardless of the response. With o-TMI there was a decrease in the response as exposure continued, but recovery at high concentrations was similar to the other isocyanates. The dose needed to decrease respiratory rate by 50 percent was calculated and these values decreased as duration of exposure increased. Comparable potency was seen for HDI and toluene-diisocyanate and the aromatic mono isocyanates were slightly less potent than toluene-diisocyanate. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Biological Assay Hazardous Substances Irritants Occupational Health Safety Toxicology
• Keywords:
  Animal-studies Bioassays Biological-effects Comparative-toxicology Dose-response NIOSH-Grant NIOSH-Publication Physiological-response Respiratory-irritants Toxic-effects Toxic-gases

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• ISSN:
  0041-008X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; Pennsylvania
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  241-246
• Volume:
  57
• Issue:
  2
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00135814
• Citation:
  Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1981 Feb; 57(2):241-246
• Contact Point Address:
  Occupational Health University of Pittsburgh 130 DE Soto Street Pittsburgh, PA 15213
• CAS Registry Number:
  2-Methylphenyl isocyanate (CAS RN 614-68-6) ; 4-Methylphenyl isocyanate (CAS RN 622-58-2) ; Hexamethylene diisocyanate (CAS RN 822-06-0) ; Hexyl isocyanate (CAS RN 2525-62-4) ; Phenyl isocyanate (CAS RN 103-71-9)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1981
• Performing Organization:
  University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  19711001
• Source Full Name:
  Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
• End Date:
  19860531
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:2c2ea14d5ca390f2ca95cdbdb60cdd83cb5786964ae891eda230d81eaea7ae8db05489e98164610995a51939be50b6bbd94e0b09d40fad652e4b37fbe737a948
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/184684/cdc_184684_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 428.02 KB ]