The relative neurotoxicities of n-hexane, methyl n-butyl ketone, 2,5-hexanediol, and 2,5-hexanedione following oral or intraperitoneal administration in hens.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Abou-Donia MB ; Graham DG ; Makkawy HA
• Description:
  The neurotoxicity of n-hexane (110543), methyl-n-butyl-ketone (591786) (MnBK), 2,5-hexanediol (2935446) (2,5-HDOH) and 2,5- hexanedione (110134) (2,5-HD) were studied in leghorn-hens following oral (po) or intraperitoneal (ip) injection. Groups of hens were given daily oral doses of 100 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) of one of the test compounds for a period of 90 days. For ip administration, groups of hens received 100 or 200mg/kg of the test compounds daily for 90 days. After a 30 day observation period birds were sacrificed. The sciatic, tibial, peripheral and peroneal nerves and the spinal cord were prepared for histopathological examination. The neurotoxic potential of the compounds was measured by a neurotoxicity index based on the clinical condition of the hen, the time of onset of clinical signs, and the intensity of histopathologic changes. Subchronic po or ip administration of n- hexane caused weakness which subsided after cessation of exposure. Subchronic exposure of the other compounds caused neurotoxicity characterized by ataxia which sometimes progressed to paralysis. Generally, ip injection caused more severe effects than po administration. Histopathological examination of nervous tissue from hens treated with 2,5-HD, 2,5-HDOH and MnBK showed giant paranodal axonal swelling followed by Wallerian degeneration of axons and myelin in peripheral nerves and spinal cord; this pathological change was absent in n-hexane treated hens. The neurotoxic potency of the tested compounds were in descending order of 2-5-HD, 2,5- HDOH, MnBK and n-hexane. The authors conclude that hens, through generally sensitive to hexa-carbon neurotoxicity, exhibit selectivity toward specific compounds within this chemical group. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Hazardous Substances Nervous System Occupational Health Safety Toxicology
• Keywords:
  Animal-studies Chronic-toxicity Comparative-toxicology Invivo-study Neurotoxicity Neurotoxins NIOSH-Grant NIOSH-Publication
• ISSN:
  0041-008X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  North Carolina ; OSHA Region 4
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  369-389
• Volume:
  62
• Issue:
  3
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00125169
• Citation:
  Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1982 Mar; 62(3):369-389
• Contact Point Address:
  Pharmacology Duke University Department of Pharmacology Durham, N C 27710
• CAS Registry Number:
  2,5-Hexanediol (CAS RN 2935-44-6) ; 2,5-Hexanedione (CAS RN 110-13-4) ; 2-Hexanone (CAS RN 591-78-6) ; Hexane (CAS RN 110-54-3)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1982
• Performing Organization:
  Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  19790401
• Source Full Name:
  Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
• End Date:
  19980331
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:1e94fc9013bfc8d2163322d5c853c6c907f7ba4d20fd2f9c0a370e6640d427c16ed9714359bc4c9ee585f0fc7ad94c796ec2673561ab2d6d49f6a2c2deca1a2a
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/184574/cdc_184574_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 8.18 MB ]