Use of Antiviral Drugs to Reduce Household Transmission of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009, United Kingdom1

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Emerg Infect Dis
• Personal Author:
  Pebody, Richard G. ; Harris, Ross ; Kafatos, George ; Chamberland, Mary ; Campbell, Colin ; Nguyen-Van-Tam, Jonathan S. ; McLean, Estelle ; Andrews, Nick ; White, Peter J. ; Wynne-Evans, Edward ; Green, Jon ; Ellis, Joanna ; Wreghitt, Tim ; Bracebridge, Sam ; Ihekweazu, Chikwe ; Oliver, Isabel ; Smith, Gillian ; Hawkins, Colin ; Salmon, Roland ; Smyth, Brian ; McMenamin, Jim ; Zambon, Maria ; Phin, Nick ; Watson, John M.
• Description:
  The United Kingdom implemented a containment strategy for pandemic (H1N1) 2009 through administering antiviral agents (AVs) to patients and their close contacts. This observational household cohort study describes the effect of AVs on household transmission. We followed 285 confirmed primary cases in 259 households with 761 contacts. At 2 weeks, the confirmed secondary attack rate (SAR) was 8.1% (62/761) and significantly higher in persons <16 years of age than in those >50 years of age (18.9% vs. 1.2%, p<0.001). Early (<48 hours) treatment of primary case-patients reduced SAR (4.5% vs. 10.6%, p = 0.003). The SAR in child contacts was 33.3% (10/30) when the primary contact was a woman and 2.9% (1/34) when the primary contact was a man (p = 0.010). Of 53 confirmed secondary case-patients, 45 had not received AV prophylaxis. The effectiveness of AV prophylaxis in preventing infection was 92%.
• Subjects:
  Adolescent Adult Aged Antiviral Agents Child Family Characteristics Female Humans Influenza, Human Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype Kaplan-Meier Estimate Male Middle Aged Pandemics Post-Exposure Prophylaxis Young Adult

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• Source:
  Emerg Infect Dis. 17(6):990-999.
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  United Kingdom
• Volume:
  17
• Issue:
  6
• Collection(s):
  Emerging Infectious Diseases
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:97978a790a928c44943867e564055a51deef323ddae684ce3270604a65ae1663
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/18440/cdc_18440_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 341.02 KB ]