Study on dust hazards and preventive measures in modern large scale petrochemical enterprises.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Fang Y ; Liu Z ; Xiao X
• Description:
  Studies on dust hazards occurring in a modern petrochemical manufacturing facility were summarized. The facility was a new petrochemical complex in the Peoples' Republic of China. It began producing polythene (9002884), polypropylene (9003070), and nylon-66 (32131172) in 1981. An industrial hygiene survey revealed airborne dust concentrations ranging up to 619.3mg/m3, the highest occurring in the polythene charging area. The free silica (14808607) content of the dusts was estimated to be 84.5 to 99%. A health survey of 600 workers noted unspecified respiratory changes and an increase in conjunctival symptoms in workers involved in nylon-66 production. A study of the fibrogenic potential of polythene, polypropylene, and nylon-66 conducted in Wistar-rats indicated that polythene and polypropylene produced fibrotic changes in the lungs after 1.5 years. Nylon-66 revealed no fibrogenic activity. In an in-vitro study, alveolar macrophages isolated from New-Zealand-rabbits were incubated with polythene, polypropylene, and nylon-66. Cytotoxicity was assessed by measuring uptake of an unspecified dye and release of intracellular lactate-dehydrogenase. All dust demonstrated significant cytotoxicity. The authors conclude that on the basis of the in-vivo and in-vitro studies long term exposure to the dusts at the facility will adversely affect the health of the workers. Dust exposures at the complex should be controlled by enclosing or isolating the production processes and using ventilation techniques.
• Subjects:
  Accidents, Occupational Butadienes Environmental Monitoring Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Risk Assessment Safety Workplace
• Keywords:
  Chemical Manufacturing Industry Dust Exposure Dust Suppression Epidemiology Industrial Hygiene In Vitro Studies In Vivo Studies Laboratory Animals Petroleum Products
• Publisher:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Conference/Symposia Proceedings
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; Pennsylvania
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  1293-1294
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00198788
• Citation:
  Proceedings of the VIIth International Pneumoconioses Conference, August 23-26, 1988, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 90-108, 1990 Nov; (Pt II):1293-1294
• CAS Registry Number:
  Ethene, homopolymer (CAS RN 9002-88-4) ; 1-Propene, homopolymer (CAS RN 9003-07-0) ; Nylon 66 (CAS RN 32131-17-2) ; Quartz (SiO2) (CAS RN 14808-60-7)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1991
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Part Number:
  II
• Source Full Name:
  Proceedings of the VIIth International Pneumoconioses Conference, August 23-26, 1988, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:4e0575e1cc0f2fb83ba70318020ab79520898fdf4bb4cd26ecf7052bb6e668f2ecf64580e8e83466964ac52f1abef4b6bccf8b17871b05017ba7e70c4b541981
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/180663/cdc_180663_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 63.28 KB ]