A Multiplex HIV Incidence Assay for Inferring Recent HIV-1 Transmission and Time of Infection

Details

• Alternative Title:
  J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
• Personal Author:
  Curtis, Kelly A. ; Campbell, Ellsworth M. ; Hanson, Debra L. ; Rudolph, Donna L. ; Duwve, Joan ; Blosser, Sara ; Gentry, Jessica ; Lovchik, Judy ; Peters, Philip J. ; Owen, S. Michele ; Switzer, William M.
• Description:
  Background:
  
  Laboratory assays for determining recent HIV-1 infection are an important public health tool for aiding in the estimation of HIV incidence. Some incidence assay analytes are remarkably predictive of time since seroconversion and may be useful for additional applications, such as predicting recent transmission events during HIV outbreaks and informing prevention strategies.
  
  Methods:
  
  Plasma samples (n= 154) from a recent HIV-1 outbreak in a rural community in Indiana were tested with the customized HIV-1 Multiplex assay, based on the Bio-Rad Bio-Plex platform, which measures antibody response to HIV envelope antigens, gp120, gp160, and gp41. Assay cutoffs for each analyte were established to determine whether an individual seroconverted within 30, 60, or 90 days of the sample collection date. Additionally, a novel bioinformatics method was implemented to infer infection dates of persons newly diagnosed with HIV during the outbreak.
  
  Results:
  
  Sensitivity/specificity of the HIV-1 Multiplex assay for predicting seroconversion within 30, 60, 90 days, based on a training data set, was 90.5%/95.4%, 94.1%/90%, 89.4%/82.9%, respectively. Of 154 new diagnoses in Indiana between December 2014 and August 2016, the majority (71%) of recent infections (≤3 months since seroconversion) were identified between February and May 2016. The epidemiologic curve derived from the bioinformatics analysis indicated HIV transmission began as early as 2010, grew exponentially in 2014, and leveled off in April 2015.
  
  Conclusion:
  
  The HIV-1 Multiplex assay has the potential to identify and monitor trends in recent infection during an epidemic to assess the efficacy of programmatic or treatment interventions.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Algorithms HIV-1 HIV Antibodies HIV Antigens HIV Envelope Protein Gp41 HIV Envelope Protein Gp120 HIV Envelope Protein Gp160 HIV Infections HIV Seropositivity Humans Indiana Sensitivity And Specificity Seroconversion

  More +
• Keywords:
  Antibodies Epidemiology Incidence Infection Timing Outbreak
• Source:
  J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 80(4):454-460
• Pubmed ID:
  30624297
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC11342239
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  80
• Issue:
  4
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:6451dc4128b887ae40ec153d7326155a13e1c80ad11dc937d5456fec8b1fc59e3040334a2371ff6f203f6ae6dcdfc1e6457565884a84c8ccc8ba8af03615a888
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/160366/cdc_160366_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 537.54 KB ]