Community testing practices for autism within the autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol
• Personal Author:
  Williams, Ashley Robinson ; Amoakohene, Esther ; Maenner, Matthew J. ; Zahorodny, Walter ; DiRienzo, Monica ; Grzybowski, Andrea ; Hall-Lande, Jennifer ; Pas, Elise T. ; Bakian, Amanda V. ; Lopez, Maya ; Patrick, Mary ; Shenouda, Josephine ; Shaw, Kelly A.
• Description:
  Background:
  
  No data exist at the population level on what tests are used to aid in the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in community practice.
  
  Objectives:
  
  To describe autism spectrum disorder testing practices to inform autism spectrum disorder identification efforts.
  
  Methods:
  
  Data are from the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, a multi-site surveillance system reporting prevalence estimates and characteristics of 8-year-old children with autism spectrum disorder. Percentages of children with autism spectrum disorder who received any autism spectrum disorder test or a ‘gold standard’ test were calculated by site, sex, race, median household income, and intellectual ability status. Risk ratios were calculated to compare group differences.
  
  Results:
  
  Of 5058 8-year-old children with autism spectrum disorder across 11 sites, 3236 (64.0%) had a record of any autism spectrum disorder test and 2136 (42.2%) had a ‘gold standard’ ADOS or ADI-R test. Overall, 115 children (2.3%) had both the ADOS and ADI-R in their records. Differences persisted across race, median household income, and intellectual ability status. Asian/Pacific Islander children had the highest percent receiving any ASD test (71.8%; other groups range: 57.4–66.0%) and White children had the highest percent receiving ‘gold standard’ tests (46.4%; other groups range: 35.6–43.2%). Children in low-income neighbourhoods had a lower percent of any test (62.5%) and ‘gold standard’ tests (39.4%) compared to medium (70.2% and 47.5%, respectively) and high (69.6% and 46.8%, respectively) income neighbourhoods. Children with intellectual disability had a lower percent of any ASD test (81.7%) and ‘gold standard’ tests (52.6%) compared to children without intellectual disability (84.0% and 57.6%, respectively).
  
  Conclusions:
  
  Autism spectrum disorder testing practices vary widely by site and differ by race and presence of co-occurring intellectual disability, suggesting opportunities to standardise and/or improve autism spectrum disorder identification practices.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Autism Spectrum Disorder Child Developmental Disabilities Female Humans Male Population Surveillance Prevalence United States
• Keywords:
  ADI-R ADOS Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis Gold Standard Public Health Surveillance
• Source:
  Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 38(5):426-431
• Pubmed ID:
  38531639
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC11262993
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  38
• Issue:
  5
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:28bcf4ef477a103b0f268394befa83db8766ac19b969bfcb768d757c5b217104c0a422a4708857c636056b8f7153e5a21c51729e0710f37ed5756da0675c3293
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/159346/cdc_159346_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 418.68 KB ]