Divergent Pathogenesis and Transmission of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) in Swine

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Emerg Infect Dis
• Personal Author:
  Arruda, Bailey ; Baker, Amy L. Vincent ; Buckley, Alexandra ; Anderson, Tavis K. ; Torchetti, Mia ; Bergeson, Nichole Hines ; Killian, Mary Lea ; Lantz, Kristina
• Description:
  Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses have potential to cross species barriers and cause pandemics. Since 2022, HPAI A(H5N1) belonging to the goose/Guangdong 2.3.4.4b hemagglutinin phylogenetic clade have infected poultry, wild birds, and mammals across North America. Continued circulation in birds and infection of multiple mammalian species with strains possessing adaptation mutations increase the risk for infection and subsequent reassortment with influenza A viruses endemic in swine. We assessed the susceptibility of swine to avian and mammalian HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b strains using a pathogenesis and transmission model. All strains replicated in the lung of pigs and caused lesions consistent with influenza A infection. However, viral replication in the nasal cavity and transmission was only observed with mammalian isolates. Mammalian adaptation and reassortment may increase the risk for incursion and transmission of HPAI viruses in feral, backyard, or commercial swine.
• Subjects:
  Animals Birds Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype Influenza In Birds Mammals Orthomyxoviridae Infections Phylogeny Poultry Swine
• Keywords:
  Avian Influenza Bacteria Burkholderia Pseudomallei H5N1 Subtype History Influenza Influenza A Virus Mammals Melioidosis Porcine Poultry Respiratory Infections Swine United States Viruses Zoonoses

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• Source:
  Emerg Infect Dis. 2024; 30(4):738-751
• Pubmed ID:
  38478379
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC10977838
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  75N93021C00015/AI/NIAID NIH HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  30
• Issue:
  4
• Collection(s):
  Emerging Infectious Diseases
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:d693f77c7813431a2d70afc959764117b80697d428b0f3a3464f364202871936
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/152955/cdc_152955_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 5.91 MB ]