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West Nile Virus and High Death Rate in American Crows
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  1. Differential Virulence of West Nile Strains for American Crows
    Personal Author:
    Brault, Aaron C.; Langevin, Stanley A.; Bowen, Richard A.; Panella, Nicholas A.; Biggerstaff, Brad J.; Miller, Barry R.; Komar, Nicholas;
    Published:
    Dec 2004
    Source:
    Emerg Infect Dis. 10(12):2161-2168.
    Description:
    Crow deaths were observed after West Nile virus (WNV) was introduced into North America, and this phenomenon has subsequently been used to monitor the spread of the virus. To investigate potential differences in the crow virulence of different WNV st...
    File Type:
    Filetype[PDF - 223.95 KB]
  2. DNA Vaccine for West Nile Virus Infection in Fish Crows (Corvus ossifragus)
    Personal Author:
    Turell, Michael J.; Bunning, Michel; Ludwig, George V.; Ortman, Brian; Chang, Jeff; Speaker, Tully; Spielman, Andrew; McLean, Robert; Komar, Nicholas; Gates, Robert; McNamara, Tracey; Creekmore, Terry; Farley, Linda; Mitchell, Carl J.;
    Published:
    Sep 2003
    Source:
    Emerg Infect Dis. 9(9):1077-1081.
    Description:
    A DNA vaccine for West Nile virus (WNV) was evaluated to determine whether its use could protect fish crows (Corvus ossifragus) from fatal WNV infection. Captured adult crows were given 0.5 mg of the DNA vaccine either orally or by intramuscular (IM)...
    File Type:
    Filetype[PDF - 308.48 KB]
  3. Susceptibility of Carrion Crows to Experimental Infection with Lineage 1 and 2 West Nile Viruses
    Personal Author:
    Lim, Stephanie M.; Brault, Aaron C.; van Amerongen, Geert; Bosco-Lauth, Angela M.; Romo, Hannah; Sewbalaksing, Varsha D.; Bowen, Richard A.; Osterhaus, Albert D.M.E.; Koraka, Penelope; Martina, Byron E.E.;
    Published:
    Aug 2015
    Source:
    Emerg Infect Dis. 21(8):1357-1365.
    Description:
    West Nile virus (WNV) outbreaks in North America have been characterized by substantial die-offs of American crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos). In contrast, a low incidence of bird deaths has been observed during WNV epidemic activity in Europe. To exami...
    File Type:
    Filetype[PDF - 1.19 MB]
  4. Dead Crow Density and West Nile Virus Monitoring, New York
    Personal Author:
    Eidson, Millicent; Schmit, Kate; Hagiwara, Yoichiro; Anand, Madhu; Backenson, P. Bryon; Gotham, Ivan; Kramer, Laura;
    Published:
    Sep 2005
    Source:
    Emerg Infect Dis. 11(9):1370-1375.
    Description:
    New York State used the health commerce system to monitor the number of West Nile virus (WNV) human disease cases and the density of dead crows. In each year from 2001 to 2003 and for the 3 years combined, persons living in New York counties (excludi...
    File Type:
    Filetype[PDF - 255.49 KB]
  5. Experimental Infection of North American Birds with the New York 1999 Strain of West Nile Virus
    Personal Author:
    Komar, Nicholas; Langevin, Stanley; Hinten, Steven; Nemeth, Nicole; Edwards, Eric; Hettler, Danielle; Davis, Brent; Bowen, Richard; Bunning, Michel;
    Published:
    Mar 2003
    Source:
    Emerg Infect Dis. 9(3):311-322
    Description:
    To evaluate transmission dynamics, we exposed 25 bird species to West Nile virus (WNV) by infectious mosquito bite. We monitored viremia titers, clinical outcome, WNV shedding (cloacal and oral), seroconversion, virus persistence in organs, and susce...
    File Type:
    Filetype[PDF - 362.58 KB]