Immunogenicity to poliovirus type 2 following two doses of fractional intradermal inactivated poliovirus vaccine: A novel dose sparing immunization schedule

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Vaccine
• Personal Author:
  Anand, Abhijeet ; Molodecky, Natalie A. ; Pallansch, Mark A. ; Sutter, Roland W.
• Description:
  Introduction:
  
  The polio eradication endgame strategic plan calls for the sequential removal of Sabin poliovirus serotypes from the trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (tOPV), starting with type 2, and the introduction of ≥1 dose of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV), to maintain an immunity base against poliovirus type 2. The global removal of oral poliovirus type 2 was successfully implemented in May 2016. However, IPV supply constraints has prevented introduction in 21 countries and led to complete stock-out in >20 countries.
  
  Methods:
  
  We conducted a literature review and contacted corresponding authors of recent studies with fractional-dose IPV (fIPV), one-fifth of intramuscular dose administered intradermally, to conduct additional type 2 immunogenicity analyses of two fIPV doses compared with one full-dose IPV.
  
  Results:
  
  Four studies were identified that assessed immunogenicity of two fIPV doses compared to one full-dose IPV. Two fractional doses are more immunogenic than 1 full-dose, with type 2 seroconversion rates improving between absolute 19–42% (median: 37%, p < 0.001) and relative increase of 53–125% (median: 82%), and antibody titer to type 2 increasing by 2–32-fold (median: 10-fold). Early age of administration and shorter intervals between doses were associated with lower immunogenicity.
  
  Discussion:
  
  Overall, two fIPV doses are more immunogenic than a single full-dose, associated with significantly increased seroconversion rates and antibody titers. Two fIPV doses together use two-fifth of the vaccine compared to one full-dose IPV. In response to the current IPV shortage, a schedule of two fIPV doses at ages 6 and 14 weeks has been endorsed by technical oversight committees and has been introduced in some affected countries.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Antibodies, Neutralizing Antibodies, Viral Article Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic Female Fractional Inactivated Polio Vaccine Humans Immunization Schedule Immunogenicity, Vaccine Inactivated Polio Vaccine Infant Injections, Intradermal Male Polio Immunogenicity Poliomyelitis Poliovirus Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated Priming Seroconversion

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• Source:
  Vaccine. 35(22):2993-2998
• Pubmed ID:
  28434691
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC10423713
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  001/WHO_/World Health OrganizationInternational/ ; CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  35
• Issue:
  22
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:a8b8d52577847c3bda0a9b1a4e28b7aeedf13d4fc6f2ff35ad5e02aa0a99e7f6
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/132023/cdc_132023_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 740.52 KB ]