SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Effectiveness against Omicron Variant in Infection-Naive Population, Australia, 2022

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Emerg Infect Dis
• Personal Author:
  Bloomfield, Lauren E. ; Ngeh, Sera ; Cadby, Gemma ; Hutcheon, Kate ; Effler, Paul V.
• Description:
  SARS-CoV-2 transmission in Western Australia, Australia, was negligible until a wave of Omicron variant infections emerged in February 2022, when >90% of adults had been vaccinated. This unique pandemic enabled assessment of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine effectiveness (VE) without potential interference from background immunity from prior infection. We matched 188,950 persons who had a positive PCR test result during February-May 2022 to negative controls by age, week of test, and other possible confounders. Overall, 3-dose VE was 42.0% against infection and 81.7% against hospitalization or death. A primary series of 2 viral-vectored vaccines followed by an mRNA booster provided significantly longer protection against infection >60 days after vaccination than a 3-dose series of mRNA vaccine. In a population free from non-vaccine-derived background immunity, vaccines against the ancestral spike protein were ≈80% effective for preventing serious outcomes from infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant.
• Subjects:
  2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease Adult Australia Coronavirus Disease COVID-19 COVID-19 Vaccines Humans Omicron Research Respiratory Infections SARS-CoV-2 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Effectiveness Against Omicron Variant In Infection-Naive Population, Australia, 2022 SARS-CoV-2–naive Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Vaccine Effectiveness Vaccine Efficacy Viral Vaccines Viruses Zoonoses

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• Source:
  Emerg Infect Dis. 2023; 29(6):1162-1172
• Pubmed ID:
  37141626
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC10202853
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Volume:
  29
• Issue:
  6
• Collection(s):
  Emerging Infectious Diseases
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:5739194ccb063a5c48cee12bebde2d8e2988f5964872ba929e4bc87a39eba55e
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/129723/cdc_129723_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.70 MB ]