Incidence and Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Hepatitis B, United States, 2013 – 2018

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Sex Transm Dis
• Personal Author:
  Roberts, Henry ; Jiles, Ruth ; Harris, Aaron M. ; Gupta, Neil ; Teshale, Eyasu
• Description:
  Background:
  
  Sexual transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is common in the United States. In 2008, an estimated 50% of HBV infections were attributed to sexual transmission. Among 21,600 acute infections that occurred in 2018, the proportion attributable to sexual transmissions is unknown.
  
  Methods:
  
  Objectives of this study were to estimate incidence and prevalence of hepatitis B attributable to sexual transmission among the US population aged 15 years and older for 2013–2018. Incidence estimates were calculated for confirmed cases submitted to CDC from 14 states. A hierarchical algorithm defining sexually transmitted acute HBV infections as the absence of injection drug use among persons reporting sexual risk factors, was applied to determine proportion of hepatitis B infections attributable to sexual transmission nationally. NHANES public use data files were analyzed to calculate prevalence estimates of hepatitis B among US households and proportion attributed to sexual transmission was conservatively determined for HBV infected non-US born Americans who migrated from HBV endemic countries.
  
  Results:
  
  During 2013–2018, an estimated 47,000 [95% CI (27,000, 116,000)] or 38.2% of acute HBV infections in the United States were attributable to sexual transmission. During 2013–2018, among the US non-institutionalized population, an estimated 817,000 [95% CI (613,000, 1,100,000)] persons aged 15 years and older were living with hepatitis B, with an estimated 103,000 [95% CI (89,000, 118,000)] infections or 12.6% attributable to sexual transmission.
  
  Conclusion:
  
  These findings provide evidence sexually transmitted HBV infections remain a public health problem and underscore the importance of interventions to improve vaccination among at-risk populations.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Hepatitis B Hepatitis B Virus Humans Incidence Nutrition Surveys Prevalence
• Source:
  Sex Transm Dis. 48(4):305-309
• Pubmed ID:
  33492099
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC9938648
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
• Place as Subject:
  United States
• Volume:
  48
• Issue:
  4
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:ff7923a4955318bc5135457b15ca5d36336e362c030e0c8849af05f62992a73f
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/124830/cdc_124830_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 83.61 KB ]