Characteristics of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Namibia

Details

• Alternative Title:
  BMC Infect Dis
• Personal Author:
  Ricks, Philip M ; Mavhunga, Farai ; Modi, Surbhi ; Indongo, Rosalia ; Zezai, Abbas ; Lambert, Lauren A ; DeLuca, Nick ; Krashin, Jamie S ; Nakashima, Allyn K ; Holtz, Timothy H
• Description:
  Background
  
  To describe the epidemiology and possible risk factors for the development of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Namibia.
  
  Methods
  
  Using medical records and patient questionnaires, we conducted a case-control study among patients diagnosed with TB between January 2007 and March 2009. Cases were defined as patients with laboratory-confirmed MDR-TB; controls had laboratory-confirmed drug-susceptible TB or were being treated with WHO Category I or Category II treatment regimens.
  
  Results
  
  We enrolled 117 MDR-TB cases and 251 TB controls, of which 100% and 2% were laboratory-confirmed, respectively. Among cases, 97% (113/117) had been treated for TB before the current episode compared with 46% (115/251) of controls (odds ratio [OR] 28.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 10.3–80.5). Cases were significantly more likely to have been previously hospitalized (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1–3.5) and to have had a household member with MDR-TB (OR 5.1, 95% CI 2.1–12.5). These associations remained significant when separately controlled for being currently hospitalized or HIV-infection.
  
  Conclusions
  
  MDR-TB was associated with previous treatment for TB, previous hospitalization, and having had a household member with MDR-TB, suggesting that TB control practices have been inadequate. Strengthening basic TB control practices, including expanding laboratory confirmation, directly observed therapy, and infection control, are critical to the prevention of MDR-TB.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Adult Aged Female Humans Male Middle Aged Risk Factors Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant Young Adult
• Source:
  BMC Infect Dis. 2012; 12:385.
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Namibia
• Volume:
  12
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:293cf75258467d80454f0614fac16fc6d492719cdc6582ee1d065d62c1bc1b8b
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/12173/cdc_12173_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 198.21 KB ]