The Prognostic Utility of Personality Traits Versus Past Psychiatric Diagnoses: Predicting Future Mental Health and Functioning

Details

• Journal Article:
  Clinical Psychological Science
• Personal Author:
  Waszczuk, Monika A. ; Hopwood, Christopher J. ; Luft, Benjamin J. ; Morey, Leslie C. ; Perlman, Greg ; Ruggero, Camilo J. ; Skodol, Andrew E. ; Kotov, Roman
• Description:
  Past psychiatric diagnoses are central to patient case formulation and prognosis. Recently, alternative classification models such as the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) proposed to assess traits to predict clinically-relevant outcomes. The current study directly compared personality traits and past diagnoses as predictors of future mental health and functioning in three independent, prospective samples. Regression analyses found that personality traits significantly predicted future first onsets of psychiatric disorders (delta R2=06-.15), symptom chronicity (delta R2=.03-.06), and functioning (delta R2=.02-.07), beyond past and current psychiatric diagnoses. Conversely, past psychiatric diagnoses did not provide an incremental prediction of outcomes when personality traits and other concurrent predictors were already included in the model. Overall, personality traits predicted a variety of outcomes in diverse settings, beyond diagnoses. Past diagnoses were generally not informative about future outcomes when personality was considered. Together, these findings support the added value of personality traits assessment in case formulation, consistent with HiTOP model. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Diagnosis Mental Health Nervous System Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Diagnosis; Functioning; Personality Traits; Psychopathology Psychology; Models; Mental Health; Sampling;
• Source:
  Clin Psychol Sci 2022 Jul; 10(4):734-751
• ISSN:
  2167-7026
• Pubmed ID:
  35967764
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC9366938
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  K05 MH001654/MH/NIMH NIH HHSUnited States/ ; K23 MH080221/MH/NIMH NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01 MH050839/MH/NIMH NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U01 OH010712/OH/NIOSH CDC HHSUnited States/ ; R01 MH093479/MH/NIMH NIH HHSUnited States/ ; K23 MH073708/MH/NIMH NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01 MH050837/MH/NIMH NIH HHSUnited States/ ; K23 MH069904/MH/NIMH NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01 MH050850/MH/NIMH NIH HHSUnited States/
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  California ; New York ; OSHA Region 2 ; OSHA Region 6 ; OSHA Region 9 ; Texas
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  28 pdf pages
• Volume:
  10
• Issue:
  4
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20065867
• Contact Point Address:
  Dr Monika Waszczuk, Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064
• Email:
  monika.waszczuk@rosalindfranklin.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2022
• Performing Organization:
  State University New York Stony Brook
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:4f8e12c941510ae063155ae7101cf96f9b4264d7e9bcacb010cd1a3179d256c624a2a81f6dc21cf98859f787a7c4c6f14472a25d2a521ab696b639dc80e4fdd4
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/120296/cdc_120296_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 618.76 KB ]