Nutrient adequacy, dietary patterns and diet quality among children with and without intellectual disabilities

Details

• Alternative Title:
  J Intellect Disabil Res
• Personal Author:
  Bandini, L. G. ; Curtin, C. ; Phillips, S. M. ; Rogers, G. T. ; Eliasziw, M. ; Perelli, J. ; Jay, L. ; Maslin, M. ; Must, A.
• Description:
  Background
  
  Children with intellectual disabilities (ID) frequently have feeding problems, but there has been limited research on nutrient intake, dietary patterns and diet quality in this population.
  
  Method
  
  Nutrient intakes, dietary patterns and the Healthy Eating Index were compared between 48 children with ID and 55 typically developing (TD) children aged 3–8 years who participated in the Children’s Mealtime Study. Three-day food records that included two weekdays and one weekend day were used to assess dietary intake. Food intake was entered into the Nutrition Data System for Research for analysis of nutrient intake, dietary patterns and diet quality. Height and weight were measured to determine body mass index (BMI). The relation of dietary patterns to weight status was also assessed.
  
  Results
  
  Typically developing children and children with ID met the Estimated Average Requirement/Adequate Intake (EAR/AI) for most nutrients. However, a substantial number of children in both groups did not meet the EAR for vitamins E and D and calcium and the AI for vitamin K. Only one TD child met the AI for potassium. A small percentage of children in both groups did not meet the EAR for vitamin A and vitamin C, and in the ID group, a small percentage did not meet the EAR for vitamin B12. Children in the ID group consumed, on average, fewer servings of vegetables than TD children (0.5 vs. 1.2, P < 0.001), but there was no significant difference in servings of fruit (0.8 vs. 1.1, respectively), fruit juice (less than a half serving in both groups), sugar-sweetened beverages (less than a half serving in both groups) or snacks (1.1 vs. 1.4, respectively) after adjusting for BMI z-score, parental education and race. We found a significant correlation between snack intake and BMI z-score among children with ID but not among TD children (r = 0.48, P < 0.0001 vs. r = 0.19, P = 0.16, respectively). The Healthy Eating Index indicated, on average, poor overall diet quality in both groups (58.2 in the ID group and 59.1 in the TD group).
  
  Conclusions
  
  This study suggests that the diets of children with ID, as in TD children, need improvement. Targeting healthy eating in children with ID would improve diet quality and overall health.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Article Child Children Diet Dietary Patterns Eating Energy Intake Healthy Eating Index Humans Intellectual Disability Nutrient Adequacy Nutrients

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• Source:
  J Intellect Disabil Res. 65(10):898-911
• Pubmed ID:
  34342094
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC9229407
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  P30 HD004147/HD/NICHD NIH HHSUnited States/ ; UR3 DD000675/DD/NCBDD CDC HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  65
• Issue:
  10
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:cc8cc623bd22b914835f941747edad7dd8755b9d4c3a6b5bfa8639d934f7ec20
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/119305/cdc_119305_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 382.59 KB ]