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Health and Cognition among Adults with and without Traumatic Brain Injury: A Matched Case-Control Study
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2 23 2022
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Source: Brain Inj. 36(3):415-423
Details:
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Alternative Title:Brain Inj
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Description:Objectives:
To evaluate associations between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and presence of health conditions, and to compare associations of health and cognition between TBI cases and controls.
Methods:
This matched case-control study used data from the TBI Model Systems National Database (TBI cases) and Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) II and Refresher studies (controls). N=248 TBI cases were age-, sex-, race-, and education-matched without replacement to three controls. Cases and controls were compared on prevalence of 18 self-reported conditions, self-rated health, composite scores from the Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone.
Results:
The following conditions were significantly more prevalent among TBI cases versus controls: anxiety/depression (OR=3.12, 95% CI: 2.20, 4.43, p<0.001), chronic sleeping problems (OR=2.76, 95% CI: 1.86, 4.10, p<0.001), headache/migraine (OR=2.61, 95% CI: 1.50, 4.54, p=0.0007), and stroke (OR=6.42, 95% CI: 2.93, 14.10, p<0.001). The relationship between self-rated health and cognition significantly varied by TBI (pinteraction=0.002).
Conclusion:
Individuals with TBI have greater odds of selected neurobehavioral conditions compared to their demographically-similar uninjured peers. Among persons with TBI there was a stronger association between poorer self-rated health and cognition than controls. TBI is increasingly conceptualized as a chronic disease; current findings suggest post-TBI health management requires cognitive supports.
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Pubmed ID:35143349
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Pubmed Central ID:PMC9205640
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