A decade of experience with rotavirus vaccination in the United States – vaccine uptake, effectiveness, and impact

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Expert Rev Vaccines
• Personal Author:
  Pindyck, Talia ; Tate, Jacqueline E ; Parashar, Umesh D
• Description:
  Introduction:
  
  Prior to 2006, nearly every U.S. child was infected with rotavirus by 5 years of age, and rotavirus was the leading cause of severe childhood gastroenteritis. In February 2006 and June 2008, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended a live attenuated pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) and a monovalent rotavirus vaccine (RV1), respectively, for routine vaccination of infants in the United States.
  
  Areas covered:
  
  We reviewed U.S. data on coverage, vaccine effectiveness (VE), and vaccine impact from 2006 to 2017. National rotavirus vaccine coverage estimates increased since vaccine introduction but plateaued at 71–75% in 2013–2015, a level 15–20% lower than that of other routine childhood vaccines. Pooled VE of full series RV5 and RV1 against rotavirus-associated hospitalizations and emergency department visits were 84% (95% CI: 80–87%) and 83% (95% CI: 72–89%), respectively. Vaccine introduction resulted in a median decline in rotavirus-associated hospitalizations and emergency department visits of 80% and 57%, respectively, along with indirect protection of unvaccinated age groups and a decrease in health-care costs. A biennial pattern in rotavirus detection emerged post-vaccine implementation.
  
  Expert Commentary:
  
  The increasing use of rotavirus vaccines has substantially diminished the burden and changed the epidemiology of rotavirus disease in U.S. children; efforts to increase rotavirus vaccine coverage should continue.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Child Child, Preschool Emergency Service, Hospital Gastroenteritis Hospitalization Humans Infant Rotavirus Rotavirus Infections Rotavirus Vaccines United States Vaccination Coverage

  More +
• Keywords:
  Gastroenteritis Rotarix RotaTeq Vaccination Program Vaccine
• Source:
  Expert Rev Vaccines. 17(7):593-606
• Pubmed ID:
  29909693
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC9199965
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  17
• Issue:
  7
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:b606218c4bb107a328226ad86defec31456da8ff78a3b259d98eba9a89acc43b0b50f9be158faf19dd2b2942f4a9351bd5a5bf0c4fc4552bd895ba2ddb8a63e8
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/119270/cdc_119270_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 480.08 KB ]