Methods

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Vaccine
• Personal Author:
  Balasubramani, GK ; Zimmerman, Richard K ; Eng, Heather ; Lyons, Jason ; Clarke, Lloyd ; Nowalk, Mary Patricia
• Description:
  Background:
  
  In some settings, research methods to determine influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) may not be appropriate because of cost, time constraints, or other factors. Administrative database analysis of viral testing results and vaccination history may be a viable alternative. This study compared VE estimates from outpatient research and administrative databases.
  
  Methods:
  
  Using the test-negative, case-control design, data for 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 influenza seasons, were collected using: 1) consent, specimen collection, RT-PCR testing and vaccine verification using multiple methods; and 2) an administrative database of outpatients with a clinical respiratory viral panel combined with electronic immunization records. Odds ratios for likelihood of influenza infection by vaccination status were calculated using multivariable logistic regression. VE = (1 − OR) X 100.
  
  Results:
  
  Research participants were significantly younger (P<0.001), more often white (69% vs. 59%; P<0.001) than non-white and less frequently enrolled through the emergency department (ED) (35% vs. 72%; P<0.001) than administrative database participants. VE was significant against all influenza and influenza A in each season and both seasons combined (37%−49%). Point estimate differences between methods were evident, with higher VE in the research database, but insignificant due to low sample sizes. When enrollment sites were separately analyzed, there were significant differences in VE estimates for all influenza (66% research vs. 46% administrative P<0.001) and influenza A (67% research vs. 49% administrative; P<0.001) in the ED.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Administrative Databases Article Case-Control Studies Data Management Humans Influenza Influenza, Human Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype Influenza Vaccines Seasons Vaccination Vaccine Vaccine Effectiveness

  More +
• Source:
  Vaccine. 39(8):1283-1289
• Pubmed ID:
  33485643
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC7825890
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  U01 IP001035/IP/NCIRD CDC HHSUnited States/ ; UL1 TR001857/TR/NCATS NIH HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  39
• Issue:
  8
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:78c0d80595f155d0b95bab61430de1f2e4857c31fc7a4becfffc73312089f041
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/114724/cdc_114724_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 688.39 KB ]