Details:

Alternative Title:
J Infect Dis
Personal Author:
Rosenberg, Eli S. ; Doyle, Kate ; Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L. ; Klein, Liore ; Adams, Laura ; ... More +
Rosenberg, Eli S. ; Doyle, Kate ; Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L. ; Klein, Liore ; Adams, Laura ; Lozier, Matthew ; Weiss, Kevin ; Sharp, Tyler M. ; Paz-Bailey, Gabriela Less -
Description:
Background.

Little is known about the prevalence or incidence of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in settings affected by the 2015–2016 Zika pandemic and associated risk factors. We assessed these factors among household contacts of patients with ZIKV disease enrolled in a cohort study in Puerto Rico during 2016–2017.

Methods.

Household contacts of index case patients completed a questionnaire and gave specimens for real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunoglobulin M enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay testing to detect ZIKV infection. We measured the prevalence of ZIKV infection among contacts and associated individual and household factors, examined sexual transmission using a sexual-networks approach, and assessed incident infection among initially uninfected household contacts 2–4 months later.

Results.

Of 366 contacts, 34.4% had evidence of ZIKV infection at enrollment, including 11.2% by RT-PCR. Having open doors and windows that were either screened (prevalence ratio [PR], 2.1 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.2–3.6]) or unscreened (PR, 2.5 [95% CI, 1.5–4.1]) was associated with increased prevalence. Sexual partners were more likely to both be RT-PCR positive relative to other relationships (odds ratio, 2.2 [95% CI, 1.1–4.5]). At follow-up, 6.1% of contacts had evidence of incident infection.

Conclusions.

This study identified sexual contact as a risk factor for ZIKV infection. Persons living with ZIKV-infected individuals should be a focus of public health efforts.


Subjects:
[+]
Adolescent Adult Disease Outbreaks Family Characteristics Female Humans Immunoglobulin M Incidence Male Middle Aged Prevalence Prospective Studies Public Health Risk Factors Sexual Behavior Young Adult Zika Virus Zika Virus Infection
Source:
J Infect Dis. 220(6):932-939
Pubmed ID:
30544195
Pubmed Central ID:
PMC8845339
Document Type:
Journal Article
Funding:
CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
Place as Subject:
Puerto Rico
Collection(s):
CDC Public Access
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:6ef26fcd651c835c203325a4dba64d46c585c492aa0212ca61ff8e20325aad26
Download URL:
https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/114472/cdc_114472_DS1.pdf
File Type:

Supporting Files

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  	nihms-1776069-f0001.jpg	jpeg
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  	NIHMS1776069-supplement-Supplemental_material.docx	docx

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