Details:

Alternative Title:
Vaccine
Personal Author:
Burnett, Eleanor ; Juin, Stanley ; Esona, Mathew D. ; Desormeaux, Anne Marie ; Aliabadi, Negar ; ... More +
Burnett, Eleanor ; Juin, Stanley ; Esona, Mathew D. ; Desormeaux, Anne Marie ; Aliabadi, Negar ; Pierre, Manise ; Andre-Alboth, Jocelyn ; Leshem, Eyal ; Etheart, Melissa D. ; Patel, Roopal ; Dely, Patrick ; Fitter, David ; Jean-Denis, Gladzdin ; Kalou, Mireille ; Katz, Mark A. ; Bowen, Michael D. ; Grant-Greene, Yoran ; Boncy, Jacques ; Parashar, Umesh D. ; Joseph, Gerard A. ; Tate, Jacqueline E. Less -
Description:
Background:

Rotavirus vaccines are effective in preventing severe rotavirus. Haiti introduced 2-dose monovalent (G1P[8]) rotavirus vaccine recommended for infants at 6 and 10 weeks of age in 2014. We calculated the effectiveness of rotavirus vaccine against hospitalization for acute gastroenteritis in Haiti.

Methods:

We enrolled children 6–59 months old admitted May 2014-September 2019 for acute watery diarrhea any sentinel surveillance hospital. Stool was tested for rotavirus using enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and genotyped with multiplex one-step RT-PCR assay and Sanger sequencing for stratification by genotype. We used a case-negative design where cases were children positive for rotavirus and controls were negative for rotavirus. Only children eligible for vaccination were included and a child was considered vaccinated if vaccine was given ≥14 days before enrollment. We used unconditional logistic regression to calculate odds ratios and calculated 2-dose and 1-dose vaccine effectiveness (VE) as (1 − odds ratio) * 100.

Results:

We included 129 (19%) positive cases and 543 (81%) negative controls. Among cases, 77 (60%) were positive for equine-like G3P[8]. Two doses of rotavirus vaccine were 66% (95% CI: 44, 80) effective against hospitalizations due to any strain of rotavirus and 64% (95% CI: 33, 81) effective against hospitalizations due to the equine-like G3P[8] genotype.

Conclusions:

These findings are comparable to other countries in the Americas region. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first VE estimate both against the equine-like G3P[8] genotype and from a Caribbean country. Overall, these results support rotavirus vaccine use and demonstrate the importance of complete vaccination.


Subjects:
[+]
Animals Article Child Child, Preschool Feces Genotype Haiti Horses Hospitalization Humans Infant Rotavirus Rotavirus Infections Rotavirus Vaccines Vaccines, Attenuated
Source:
Vaccine. 39(32):4458-4462
Pubmed ID:
34187708
Pubmed Central ID:
PMC8474148
Document Type:
Journal Article
Funding:
CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
Collection(s):
CDC Public Access
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:b8eedd5cfb47a7a8d395492004a8d883a3ff087627a197c2579a44eb363046a3
Download URL:
https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/110136/cdc_110136_DS1.pdf
File Type:

Supporting Files

• 	nihms-1740957.nxml	xml
  	NIHMS1740957-supplement-supplementary.docx	docx

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