Details:

Alternative Title:
Vaccine
Publisher's site:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.06.055
Personal Author:
Burnett, Eleanor ; Juin, Stanley ; Esona, Mathew D. ; Desormeaux, Anne Marie ; Aliabadi, Negar ; ... More +
Burnett, Eleanor ; Juin, Stanley ; Esona, Mathew D. ; Desormeaux, Anne Marie ; Aliabadi, Negar ; Pierre, Manise ; Andre-Alboth, Jocelyn ; Leshem, Eyal ; Etheart, Melissa D. ; Patel, Roopal ; Dely, Patrick ; Fitter, David ; Jean-Denis, Gladzdin ; Kalou, Mireille ; Katz, Mark A. ; Bowen, Michael D. ; Grant-Greene, Yoran ; Boncy, Jacques ; Parashar, Umesh D. ; Joseph, Gerard A. ; Tate, Jacqueline E. ; Less -
Description:
Background: Rotavirus vaccines are effective in preventing severe rotavirus. Haiti introduced 2-dose monovalent (G1P[8]) rotavirus vaccine recommended for infants at 6 and 10 weeks of age in 2014. We calculated the effectiveness of rotavirus vaccine against hospitalization for acute gastroenteritis in Haiti. Methods: We enrolled children 6–59 months old admitted May 2014-September 2019 for acute watery diarrhea any sentinel surveillance hospital. Stool was tested for rotavirus using enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and genotyped with multiplex one-step RT-PCR assay and Sanger sequencing for stratification by genotype. We used a case-negative design where cases were children positive for rotavirus and controls were negative for rotavirus. Only children eligible for vaccination were included and a child was considered vaccinated if vaccine was given ≥14 days before enrollment. We used unconditional logistic regression to calculate odds ratios and calculated 2-dose and 1-dose vaccine effectiveness (VE) as (1 − odds ratio) * 100. Results: We included 129 (19%) positive cases and 543 (81%) negative controls. Among cases, 77 (60%) were positive for equine-like G3P[8]. Two doses of rotavirus vaccine were 66% (95% CI: 44, 80) effective against hospitalizations due to any strain of rotavirus and 64% (95% CI: 33, 81) effective against hospitalizations due to the equine-like G3P[8] genotype. Conclusions: These findings are comparable to other countries in the Americas region. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first VE estimate both against the equine-like G3P[8] genotype and from a Caribbean country. Overall, these results support rotavirus vaccine use and demonstrate the importance of complete vaccination.
Subject:
[+]
Animals
Article
Child
Child, Preschool
Feces
Genotype
Haiti
Horses
Hospitalization
Humans
Infant
Rotavirus
Rotavirus Infections
Rotavirus Vaccines
Vaccines, Attenuated

Source:
Vaccine. 39(32):4458-4462 ;
Pubmed ID:
34187708
Pubmed Central ID:
PMC8474148
Document Type:
Journal Article ;
Funding:
CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/ ;
Collection(s):
CDC Public Access
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:b8eedd5cfb47a7a8d395492004a8d883a3ff087627a197c2579a44eb363046a3
File Type:

Supporting Files

• 	nihms-1740957.nxml	xml
  	NIHMS1740957-supplement-supplementary.docx	docx

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