Rotavirus Vaccines and Health Care Utilization for Diarrhea in the United States (2007–2011)

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Pediatrics
• Personal Author:
  Leshem, Eyal ; Moritz, Rebecca E. ; Curns, Aaron T. ; Zhou, Fangjun ; Tate, Jacqueline E. ; Lopman, Benjamin A. ; Parashar, Umesh D.
• Description:
  OBJECTIVES:
  
  To examine reductions in diarrhea-associated health care utilization after rotavirus vaccine implementation and to assess direct and indirect effectiveness of vaccination.
  
  METHODS:
  
  Retrospective cohort analysis of claims data of commercially insured US children aged <5 years. We examined annual pentavalent (RV5) and monovalent (RV1) rotavirus vaccine coverage. We compared rates of diarrhea-associated health care utilization in prevaccine (2001–2006) versus postvaccine introduction (2007–2011) years, compared rates of diarrhea-associated health care utilization in vaccinated versus unvaccinated children and compared rates in unvaccinated children in postvaccine versus prevaccine years.
  
  RESULTS:
  
  Among children aged <5 years, RV5 and RV1 rotavirus vaccine coverage rates reached 58% and 5%, respectively, by December 31, 2010. Compared with the average rate of rotavirus-coded hospitalizations in 2001–2006, rates were reduced by 75% in 2007–2008, 60% in 2008–2009, 94% in 2009–2010, and 80% in 2010–2011. Compared with unvaccinated children, in 2010–2011, the rate of rotavirus-coded hospitalizations was reduced by 92% among RV5 recipients and 96% among RV1 recipients. Rotavirus-coded hospitalization rate reductions among RV5 recipients versus unvaccinated children ranged from 87% among <1-year-olds to 81% among 4-year-olds. Compared with prevaccine rates in 2001–2006, rotavirus-coded hospitalization rates among unvaccinated children decreased by 50% in 2007–2008, 77% in 2009–2010, and 25% in 2010–2011.
  
  CONCLUSIONS:
  
  Implementation of rotavirus vaccines has substantially reduced diarrhea health care utilization in US children. Both rotavirus vaccines conferred high protection against rotavirus hospitalizations; RV5 conferred durable protection through the fourth year of life. Vaccination also conferred indirect benefits to unvaccinated children.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Article Child, Preschool Child Health Services Cohort Studies Diarrhea Hospitalization Humans Infant Retrospective Studies Rotavirus Rotavirus Vaccines United States Vaccination

  More +
• Source:
  Pediatrics. 134(1):15-23
• Pubmed ID:
  24913793
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC7975848
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHS/United States
• Volume:
  134
• Issue:
  1
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:556f3e6d41309d03cf210206346f19409f995a4b68669b6dbc8205a0b795d083
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/104330/cdc_104330_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 165.80 KB ]