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Household Transmission of Seasonal Influenza From HIV-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Individuals in South Africa, 2013–2014
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4 19 2019
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Source: J Infect Dis. 219(10):1605-1615
[PDF-651.11 KB]
Details:
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Alternative Title:J Infect Dis
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Personal Author:
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Description:Background.
We estimated the household secondary infection risk (SIR) and serial interval (SI) for influenza transmission from HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected index cases.
Methods.
Index cases were the first symptomatic person in a household with influenza-like illness, testing influenza positive on real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). Nasopharyngeal swabs collected from household contacts every 4 days were tested by rRT-PCR. Factors associated with SIR were evaluated using logistic regression.
Results.
We enrolled 28 HIV-infected and 57 HIV-uninfected index cases. On multivariable analysis, HIV-infected index cases were less likely to transmit influenza to household contacts (odds ratio [OR] 0.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.1–0.6; SIR 16%, 18/113 vs 27%, 59/220). Factors associated with increased SIR included index age group 1–4 years (OR 3.6; 95% CI, 1.2–11.3) and 25–44 years (OR 8.0; 95% CI, 1.8–36.7), and contact age group 1–4 years (OR 3.5; 95% CI, 1.2–10.3) compared to 5–14 years, and sleeping with index case (OR 2.7; 95% CI, 1.3–5.5). HIV infection of index case was not associated with SI.
Conclusions.
HIV-infection was not associated with SI. Increased infectiousness of HIV-infected individuals is likely not an important driver of community influenza transmission.
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Pubmed ID:30541140
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Pubmed Central ID:PMC7804374
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Volume:219
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Issue:10
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