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Showing 45901 - 45920 of 82972 results
  • Comparison of Urinary 8Hydroxydeoxyguanosine Isoprostane and TBARS for Assessing Oxidative Stress in Smokers
    Comparison of Urinary 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine, Isoprostane and TBARS for Assessing Oxidative Stress in Smokers
    Cheever KN ;
    Marlow, Kate L.
    2001/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Measurements of oxidative stress are used increasingly as biomarkers of biologically effective dose for assessing environmental and occupational exposures. Three frequently used indices of oxidative stress 8-hydroxydeoxy-guanosine (8-OHdG), thiobarbiruric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and the isoprostane, 8-epiprostaglandin F2alpha (8-epi-PGF) ...
    Public Domain
  • Trace Metals in Fish and Invertebrates of Three California Coastal Wetlands
    Trace Metals in Fish and Invertebrates of Three California Coastal Wetlands
    Ambrose RF ;
    Cohen T
    2001/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Metal concentrations were measured in selected fish and invertebrate species from Mugu Lagoon, Malibu Lagoon and Ballona Wetlands in southern California in order to assess the extent of metal contamination in these three wetlands. Ranges of element concentrations (in ug/g) found in biota were: Zn 12-650; Cu 1.9-440; Ni<1-37; Cr<1-55; Pb<0.5-6.8; As ...
  • Re Are Children Living Near HighVoltage Power Lines at Increased Risk of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
    Re: “Are Children Living Near High-Voltage Power Lines at Increased Risk of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia?”
    Bowman, Joseph D. ;
    Thomas DC
    2001/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    A recent article by Kleinerman et. al. uses an "exposure index" similar to a model for residential magnetic field exposures that we developed. Magnetic fields predicted by our model were associated with childhood leukemia (odds ratio = 2.00 in the highest exposure group, 95 percent CI: 1.03, 3.89, p for trend = 0.02) (3), while Kleinerman et. Al. w ...
    Public Domain
  • Restraint Stress Modifies Langerhans Cell Migration and Lymph Node Cell Proliferation
    Restraint Stress Modifies Langerhans Cell Migration and Lymph Node Cell Proliferation
    Abrigo BA ;
    Flint MS
    2001/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Previously we have demonstrated that restraint applied to a naive mouse prior to sensitization decreases ear swelling and restraint applied prior to challenge increased ear swelling. We hypothesize that these dichotomous effects of restraint would be reflected in changes in LC trafficking from the epidermis or alteration of their antigen presenting ...
    Public Domain
  • The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor TNFalpha in Toluene Diisocyanate TDI Asthma
    The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)alpha in Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) Asthma
    Karol MH ;
    Lange RW
    2001/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Nearly 9 million workers are exposed to chemical agents associated with occupational asthma with isocyanates representing the chemical class most responsible. Isocyanate-induced asthma has been difficult to diagnose and control, in part because the biological mechanisms responsible for the disease and the determinants of exposure have not been well ...
    Public Domain
  • Prevalence and Risk Factors of Tendinitis and Related Disorders of the Distal Upper Extremity Among US Workers Comparison to Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
    Prevalence and Risk Factors of Tendinitis and Related Disorders of the Distal Upper Extremity Among U.S. Workers: Comparison to Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
    Cameron L ;
    Petersen, Martin R.
    2001/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: National estimates of tendinitis and related disorders of the distal upper extremity among U.S. workers have not been available with the exception of carpal tunnel syndrome. Methods: The Occupational Health Supplement Data of the 1988 National Health Interview Survey were analyzed for tendinitis and related disorders of the hand/wrist a ...
    Public Domain
  • Approaches to Risk Assessment of Immunotoxic Effects of Chemicals
    Approaches to Risk Assessment of Immunotoxic Effects of Chemicals
    Althoff J ;
    Bass R
    2001/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    A series of scientific meetings dealing with the effects of chemicals on the immune system were organised by the IPCS with several international and national partner institutions over the years. The overall aim was to consider ways of integrating new scientific evidence on this rapidly developing area of work, as it emerges, into risk assessment pr ...
    Public Domain
  • HighlySoluble Stainless Steel Welding Fume Slows the Pulmonary Clearance of a Bacterial Pathogen and Severely Damages the Lungs After Infection
    Highly-Soluble Stainless Steel Welding Fume Slows the Pulmonary Clearance of a Bacterial Pathogen and Severely Damages the Lungs After Infection
    Antonini JM ;
    Ebeling AR
    2001/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Acute respiratory tract infections are increased in terms of severity, duration, and frequency among welders as compared to the general population. The objective of this study was to determine the mechanism by which different welding fumes may affect pulmonary bacterial clearance and lung injury after infection. Fume was collected during gas metal ...
    Public Domain
  • A Labile Factor Regulates Induction of NQOR by TCDD and Phenolic Antioxidants
    A Labile Factor Regulates Induction of NQOR by TCDD and Phenolic Antioxidants
    Kinneer De Fede K ;
    Ma Q
    2001/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    NAD(P)H: quinone reductase (NQOR, DT-diaphorase) catalyzes the two electron reduction of quinones and quinoid chemicals. Induction of NQOR constitutes a major mechanism of defense against toxicity of quinones, azo chemicals, and other redox-cycling chemicals. Prototypical inducers of NQOR include TCDD, a potent agonist of the Ah receptor, and tert- ...
    Public Domain
  • Equipment Dealers Perceptions of a CommunityBased Rollover Protective Structure Promotion
    Equipment Dealers’ Perceptions of a Community-Based Rollover Protective Structure Promotion
    Brandt VA ;
    Cole, Henry P.
    2001/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Farming is one of the most hazardous occupations and tractor overturns are the leading cause of agricultural fatalities. This community based injury intervention was designed to increase the number of Rollover Protective Structures (ROPS) and seatbelts on tractors and promote safe operation of farm tractors in two counties. Equipment dealers who se ...
  • Developmental Toxicity of Mitomycin C in Drosophila melanogaster
    Developmental Toxicity of Mitomycin C in Drosophila melanogaster
    Lynch DW
    2001/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    To further characterize the Drosophila-based prescreen to detect developmental toxicants, Mitomycin C (Ametycine, Mutamycin [MMC]; CAS No. 50-07-7), was studied. MMC, a documented animal teratogen, is an antibiotic used clinically as an antineoplastic agent. During metabolism multiple metabolites capable of alkylation and/or redox cycling may be fo ...
    Public Domain
  • Supraphysiological Levels of Coticosterone and Kainic Acid Failure to Find Increased Hippocampal Neurotoxicity in the Kainate Resistant C57BL6J Mouse
    Supraphysiological Levels of Coticosterone and Kainic Acid: Failure to Find Increased Hippocampal Neurotoxicity in the Kainate Resistant C57BL/6J Mouse
    Benkovic SA ;
    Callaghan JPO
    2001/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Chronic stress mediated through glucocorticoids has been shown to exacerbate neurotoxicity in susceptible populations. To evaluate the role of glucocorticoids in the effects of chronic stress on neurotoxicity, as well as the role of strain in toxicant susceptibility, supraphysiological dosages of corticosterone (CORT)(200 mg/90d release pellet, s.c ...
    Public Domain
  • Efficacy of Serial Medical Surveillance for Chronic Beryllium Disease in a Beryllium Machining Plant
    Efficacy of Serial Medical Surveillance for Chronic Beryllium Disease in a Beryllium Machining Plant
    Balkissoon R ;
    Daniloff EM
    2001/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    There is limited information on the use of the blood beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test (BeLPT) at regular intervals in medical surveillance. Employees of a beryllium machining plant were screened with the BeLPT biennially, and new employees were screened within 3 months of hire. Of 235 employees screened from 1995 to 1997, a total of 15 (6.4% ...
  • Acetaminophen and Estradiol Differentially Alter the Expression of EstrogenResponsive Genes in Human Breast Cancer Cells
    Acetaminophen and Estradiol Differentially Alter the Expression of Estrogen-Responsive Genes in Human Breast Cancer Cells
    Gadd S ;
    Miller MR
    2001/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Studies from this lab have reported that acetaminophen stimulates proliferation of estrogen-responsive (E2-responsive) MCF-7 breast cancer cells, but does not stimulate proliferation of E2-nonresponsive MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Furthermore, acetaminophen-induced breast cancer cell proliferation is inhibited by anti estrogens, indicating acet ...
    Public Domain
  • Comparison of Work Related Fatal Injuries in the United States Australia and New Zealand Method and Overall Findings
    Comparison of Work Related Fatal Injuries in the United States, Australia, and New Zealand: Method and Overall Findings
    Driscoll T ;
    Feyer AM
    2001/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    To compare the extent, distribution, and nature of fatal occupational injury in New Zealand, Australia, and the United States. Workplaces in New Zealand, Australia, and the United States. Data collections based on vital records were used to compare overall rates and distribution of fatal injuries covering the period 1989-92 in Australia and the Uni ...
    Public Domain
  • Modeling Turbulent Diffusion and Advection of Indoor Air Contaminants by Markov Chains
    Modeling Turbulent Diffusion and Advection of Indoor Air Contaminants by Markov Chains
    Nicas M
    2001/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Turbulent eddy diffusion models are used to describe a continuous concentration gradient with distance from an in-room contaminant emission source. A refined diffusion model termed the Drivas model also accounts for contaminant reflection by wall surfaces and partially accounts for removal by exhaust air. This article develops two models based on M ...
  • SchoolBased Agricultural Injury and Illness Prevention Project
    School-Based Agricultural Injury and Illness Prevention Project
    Henderson FC ;
    Morris A
    2001/03/01 | Grant Final Reports
    The reality of children of all ages working on family farms is perceived by generations of families in production agriculture as an economic necessity. Children are expected to perform specific tasks as selected and assigned by the head of the household. Increasingly data are reported on the number of children and adolescents who reside on farms in ...
  • Molecular Mechanism of Skin Irritation After Acute Exposure to MXylene in Rats and Guinea Pigs
    Molecular Mechanism of Skin Irritation After Acute Exposure to M-Xylene in Rats and Guinea Pigs
    Garrett CM ;
    Gunasekar PG
    2001/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Organic solvents like xylene are recognized as a skin irritant after dermal exposure. The molecular responses to organic solvents that result in acute irritation are not understood. In the present study, we compared and quantified the molecular responses of rat and guinea pig skin to xylene irritation, since these species differ in their response t ...
  • Pharmacological Techniques for the In Vitro Study of Airways
    Pharmacological Techniques for the In Vitro Study of Airways
    Fedan, Jeffery S. ;
    Johnston RA
    2001/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    The purpose of this review is to describe some of the more commonly used isolated preparations of airways for in vitro experimentation and to discuss some practical considerations associated with their use. The types of experiments and protocols for which these preparations have been used are large and diverse. We will not attempt to review all of ...
    Public Domain
  • Chronic Mercury Exposure Examined with a ComputerBased Tremor System
    Chronic Mercury Exposure Examined with a Computer-Based Tremor System
    Dick, Robert B. ;
    McCullough, Joel E.
    2001/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Tremor is being increasingly evaluated by quantitative computer-based systems to differentiate its causes. In this study, a group of mercury-exposed workers were assessed to determine whether tremor characteristics differed by exposure level. Workers were classified into two groups: those with an average urine mercury concentration below the Americ ...
    Public Domain
45901 - 45920 / 82972