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Showing 2541 - 2560 of 82972 results
  • Effect of Crystalline Silica and Welding Fume on LungAssociated Gene Changes in the Rat
    Effect of Crystalline Silica and Welding Fume on Lung-Associated Gene Changes in the Rat
    Joseph P ;
    McKinney W
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    A major source for the occupational diseases that result in significant morbidity and mortality is exposure to dust often containing toxic agents, such as silica and/or welding fumes. More than 424,000 workers in the U.S. and close to one million workers worldwide perform welding as part of their work duties. Because there is little information reg ...
    Public Domain
  • The Xanthine Oxidoreductase Inhibitor Febuxostat Protects Against Nanomaterial InhalationInduced Microvascular and Reproductive Dysfunction During Gestation
    The Xanthine Oxidoreductase Inhibitor Febuxostat Protects Against Nanomaterial Inhalation-Induced Microvascular and Reproductive Dysfunction During Gestation
    Batchelor TP ;
    Bowdridge E
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Maternal inhalation exposure to nano-TiO2 during gestation impacts litter size, pup and placental mass, and uterine microvascular reactivity. In addition, we have recently shown that maternal inhalation of nano-TiO2 during gestation results in redox imbalance in dams during late gestation. However, the mechanism linking these dysfunctions with expo ...
  • SizeResolved Field Performance of LowCost Sensors for Particulate Matter Air Pollution
    Size-Resolved Field Performance of Low-Cost Sensors for Particulate Matter Air Pollution
    Carter E ;
    L'Orange C
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Particulate matter (PM) air pollution is a major health hazard. The health effects of PM are closely linked to particle size, which governs its deposition in (and penetration through) the respiratory tract. In recent years, low-cost sensors that report particle concentrations for multiple-sized fractions (PM1.0, PM2.5, PM10) have proliferated in ev ...
  • Changes in the Serum Metabolome of Rats Following Intratracheal Instillation of Particles Representing Different Potential ModeofAction Categories of Nanomaterials
    Changes in the Serum Metabolome of Rats Following Intratracheal Instillation of Particles Representing Different Potential Mode-of-Action Categories of Nanomaterials
    Antonini JM ;
    Boyce GR
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    With the expansion of nanotechnology, the number of workers potentially exposed to various emerging nanomaterials along their lifecycle increases creating the need to efficiently categorize different materials and their associated risks. Development of biomarkers of both particle exposure and the potential adverse outcomes is critical. Because of t ...
    Public Domain
  • Examination of the Exposome in an Animal Model The Impact of HighFat Diet and Rat Strain on Local and Systemic Immune Markers Following Occupational Welding Fume Exposure
    Examination of the Exposome in an Animal Model: The Impact of High-Fat Diet and Rat Strain on Local and Systemic Immune Markers Following Occupational Welding Fume Exposure
    Antonini J ;
    Erdely A
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    An experimental model was designed to investigate the impact of multiple exposomal factors on susceptibility to acute lung toxicity and subsequent resolution of inflammation following an occupationally-relevant inhalation exposure. To assess the role of genetic influence, two rat strains-Sprague-Dawley (SD) and Brown Norway (BN)-were used. A high f ...
    Public Domain
  • Editorial Additive or Synergistic Impacts of Sleep Circadian Rhythm Disturbances and Other Modifiable Risk Factors on Established and Novel Plasma Biomarkers of Alzheimers Disease Pathology
    Editorial: Additive or Synergistic Impacts of Sleep, Circadian Rhythm Disturbances and Other Modifiable Risk Factors on Established and Novel Plasma Biomarkers of Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology
    Ayappa I ;
    Bubu OM
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Overall, this special topic section presents the evidence of the associations between sleepiness and neuronal injury markers, with sleepiness and amyloid levels showing possible synergistic effects on p-tau/Aß42. It also presents evidence-using WT mice models induced with chronic fragmentation-demonstrating that under conditions of sleep fragmentat ...
  • Evaluation of Biomarkers of Exposure in Southern California Firefighters Responding to WildlandUrban Interface Fire Incidents
    Evaluation of Biomarkers of Exposure in Southern California Firefighters Responding to Wildland-Urban Interface Fire Incidents
    Calkins, M.
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    WUI firefighters may experience structural firefighting exposures without wearing the PPE routinely used by municipal firefighters during a structural response (e.g. self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), turnout gear) and without the ability to follow recommended decontamination practices for structural fire response. In this presentation, Dr. ...
    Public Domain
  • Physicochemical Characterization and Pulmonary In Vitro Toxicity Screening of Different Categories of TwoDimensional 2D Nanomaterials
    Physicochemical Characterization and Pulmonary In Vitro Toxicity Screening of Different Categories of Two-Dimensional (2D) Nanomaterials
    Fraser K ;
    Kodali VK
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials are a large class of engineered nanoparticles with a multitude of applications in electronics, biosensors, and more. Increased demand for these materials, including graphene, nanoclay, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), such as WS2 and MoS2, and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), has elevated the potential for o ...
    Public Domain
  • Systemic Toxicity Induced by Topical Application of per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances PFAS in a Murine Model
    Systemic Toxicity Induced by Topical Application of per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in a Murine Model
    Anderson, Stacey E. ;
    Baur R
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of over 5000 synthetic, structurally diverse chemicals incorporated into industrial and consumer products. These fluorinated chemicals are used in flame-retardant products, stain resistant textiles, water and grease repellent products, food packaging material, nonstick cookware, carpets, and fi ...
    Public Domain
  • How the 70kg Man Impacts NIOSHRecommended Exposure Limits
    How the 70-kg Man Impacts NIOSH-Recommended Exposure Limits
    Lucas L ;
    Whittaker C
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    This study examines the impact of assuming a single human body weight value when developing occupational exposure limits. NIOSH uses quantitative risk assessment to evaluate the risks of chemical exposures in the workplace and as a basis of its occupational exposure limits, Recommended Exposure Limits (RELs). Simplifying assumptions are a necessary ...
    Public Domain
  • Systematic Application of ModeofAction and Human Relevance Analysis StyreneInduced Lung Tumors in Mice
    Systematic Application of Mode-of-Action and Human Relevance Analysis: Styrene-Induced Lung Tumors in Mice
    Frank EA ;
    Meek B
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Risk assessment of human health hazards often relies on observations from animal experiments. Although exposure studies in rats and mice are a major basis for determining risk in many cases, observations made in animals do not always reflect health hazards in humans due to differences in biology. In this critical review, the mode-of-action (MOA) hu ...
    Public Domain
  • Sexually Dimorphic Modifications in Placental Cyclooxygeanse Metabolites After Maternal Nanomaterial Inhalation Exposure
    Sexually Dimorphic Modifications in Placental Cyclooxygeanse Metabolites After Maternal Nanomaterial Inhalation Exposure
    Bowdridge EC ;
    Dunn AC
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Maternal nano-titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2) inhalation exposure during gestation results in decreased fetal female mass, maternal estrogen production, and placental mass. Placental function is critical during gestation due to its roles in nutrientwaste exchange and endocrine production. Adverse fetoplacental environments profoundly impact fetal grow ...
  • Pulmonary Evaluation of WholeBody Inhalation Exposure of Polycarbonate PC Filament 3D Printer Emissions in Rats
    Pulmonary Evaluation of Whole-Body Inhalation Exposure of Polycarbonate (PC) Filament 3D Printer Emissions in Rats
    Battelli L ;
    Farcas MT
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Three-dimensional (3-D) printing is an emerging technology, and increasing evidence shows that fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3-D printing using polycarbonate (PC) filaments often releases a significant amount of ultrafine particulates (UFPs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Toxicological implications of these emissions on human health stil ...
    Public Domain
  • A Preliminary Quantitative Risk Assessment of Inhalation Exposure to Diethanolamine and Respiratory Effects
    A Preliminary Quantitative Risk Assessment of Inhalation Exposure to Diethanolamine and Respiratory Effects
    Pandalai, Sudah P.
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Diethanolamine (DEA; MW=105.14 g/mol) is used in various industrial chemical processes. This work describes a preliminary quantitative risk assessment of DEA inhalation exposure and respiratory effects to extrapolate to the occupational context. The best available data identified were from a low dose inhalation exposure study (Gamer et al. 2008) us ...
    Public Domain
  • Development of a Field Analysis Method for Metallic Aerosols in Welding Fumes
    Development of a Field Analysis Method for Metallic Aerosols in Welding Fumes
    Dydak U ;
    Klicker-Wiechmann JR
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Workers are exposed to metallic aerosols produced during manufacturing processes such as welding. Welding fumes inhaled by welders generally contain large amounts of metals like iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) which can negatively impact worker health. Identifying the size, composition, and quantity of metallic aerosols in welding fumes is essential f ...
  • Exposure and Cancer Risks Among Structural Firefighters
    Exposure and Cancer Risks Among Structural Firefighters
    Fent K
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    This talk will summarize recent studies that have evaluated cancer incidence and mortality in structural firefighters. The speaker will further discuss the predominant exposure pathways among firefighters, and how these pathways contribute to biomarkers of exposure, with an emphasis on known or probable carcinogens. He will wrap up with a discussio ...
    Public Domain
  • Acute Exposures to Acetone and Developing an Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health IDLH Value in Occupational Settings
    Acute Exposures to Acetone and Developing an Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH) Value in Occupational Settings
    Chittiboyina S ;
    Edmondson M
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Acetone is a colorless water-soluble liquid that is used as an industrial solvent in chemical production. The primary route of exposure to acetone in occupational settings is inhalation. Acute exposures to acetone have been reported to elicit neurological effects, irritation, and respiratory effects, which could impair a worker's ability to escape ...
    Public Domain
  • Combined LongTerm Effects of Metal Nanocatalysts and UVB on Human Epidermal Keratinocytes
    Combined Long-Term Effects of Metal Nanocatalysts and UVB on Human Epidermal Keratinocytes
    Friend S ;
    Guppi S
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Transition metal ferrites (MFe2O4) are widely used for various industrial catalytic processes due to their extraordinary properties and stability thus representing potential human health risk. The health effects arising from exposure to nano-catalysts depend on their composition and the extent of exposure. In addition to inhalation exposure route, ...
    Public Domain
  • Olfactory and Central Neurotoxicity of Occupationally Relevant Inhaled Aerosols
    Olfactory and Central Neurotoxicity of Occupationally Relevant Inhaled Aerosols
    Antonini JM ;
    Fedan, Jeffery S.
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Fine and ultrafine particles generated at the workplace can aerosolize and thus inhalation exposure is a major occupational concern. Aerosolized particles deposited in nose and/or lung can reach the brain via retrograde transport across the olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) or through the systemic circulation. The OSNs extend into the brain from the ...
    Public Domain
  • The World Trade Center Health Program Cancer Screening and Cancer Care Best Practices
    The World Trade Center Health Program: Cancer Screening and Cancer Care Best Practices
    Calvert, Geoffrey M. ;
    Cochran, John
    2023/03/13 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    The events of September 11, 2001 (9/11) exposed nearly a half million persons to many carcinogenic chemicals and dusts, as well as psychological and physical stressors. Subsequent epidemiologic studies of 9/11-exposed persons have suggested elevated risks for some cancers, e.g., prostate cancer, thyroid cancer, and melanoma. To detect cancer at an ...
    Public Domain
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