U.S. flag An official website of the United States government.
Official websites use .gov

A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS

A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

CDC Stacks Public Health Publications

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducts research and makes recommendations for preventing work-related injuries, illnesses, and deaths. For more information, visit https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/index.html.

(381)
(1084)
(1277)
(1648)
(1919)
(2667)
(2165)
(2175)
(2194)
(2022)
(2295)
(2185)
(2186)
(1946)
(1959)
(1868)
(1814)
(1896)
(1852)
(2021)
(1832)
(1776)
(1791)
(1593)
(1443)
(1340)
(1050)
(1129)
(1105)
(949)
(1158)
(1317)
(1239)
(1328)
(1187)
(1406)
(1037)
(1172)
(1173)
(1213)
(1054)
(1184)
(1312)
(1468)
(1469)
(1457)
(1274)
(1230)
(1333)
(1437)
(1233)
(1063)
(1078)
(826)
(603)
(526)
(112)
(50)
(32)
(39)
(31)
(34)
(23)
(13)
(6)
(7)
(6)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(5)
(40)
0 of 89
(1)
(637)
(13)
(9)
(1)
(133)
(1)
(89)
(3)
(563)
(1)
(28)
(1)
(177)
(79)
(5)
(67)
(57)
(11)
(1)
(7)
(1128)
(18)
(385)
(36)
(79263)
(1)
(4)
0 of 28
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(868)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(720)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(860)
(1)
(247)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(99)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(67)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(58)
(8)
(7)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6047)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(182)
(1)
(1)
(28)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3541)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(10)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(971)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(60)
(3)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(94)
(1)
(1)
(39)
(1)
(44)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2519)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(1932)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2553)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(46)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(158)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(387)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2303)
(1054)
(1)
(4)
(1772)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(228)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(35)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1535)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(740)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(296)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4624)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(4089)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2632)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2073)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(249)
(1)
(1)
(1111)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(378)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(633)
(1)
(559)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(4)
(234)
(1202)
(2)
(580)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(4805)
(17)
(1)
(5)
(4)
(107)
(7)
(86)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(6)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2780)
(1)
(130)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(14958)
(1)
(513)
(2)
(1)
(1445)
(3)
(2)
(5425)
(5768)
(24433)
(9686)
(22241)
(4245)
(3495)
(1)
(5416)
(7262)
(6873)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(8422)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(13)
(247)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(9)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(7)
(100)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(160)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(5)
(140)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(489)
(184)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(625)
(1)
(2559)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(16)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1108)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1366)
(1)
(2)
(209)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1830)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(4891)
(14)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(11086)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1377)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(83)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(299)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0 of 829
(29)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(738)
(282)
(3519)
(808)
(2063)
(1)
(3836)
(587)
(1)
(16441)
(11)
(1)
(2)
(22)
(1)
(132)
(3708)
(22)
(12)
(17)
(3)
(1)
(3)
(23)
(14)
(18)
(50)
(1)
(556)
(4)
0 of 36
(1)
(59)
(21)
(125)
(24)
(89)
(4)
(105)
(67)
(11)
(1)
(663)
(1)
(1)
(81)
(41)
(26)
(2548)
(1)
(21)
(1162)
(15)
(122)
(14)
(31)
(633)
(9)
(3)
(2834)
(11)
(2)
(2577)
(10)
(11)
(4)
(151)
(2179)
(114)
(4)
(105)
(13)
(169)
(175)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(37)
(2)
(5)
0 of 49
(69)
(6)
(5)
(1153)
(30)
(7)
(5019)
(4)
(5758)
(8707)
(11)
(26)
(121)
(19)
(5)
(26)
(43)
(37)
(26)
(74)
(207)
(4)
(151)
(67)
(6)
(27)
(5)
(4)
(105)
(5)
(5)
(696)
(26)
(193)
(32)
(6)
(2079)
(51)
(83)
(17)
(5)
(1893)
(1941)
(5)
(4)
(4)
(18)
(5)
(4447)
(10)
(59)
(319)
(6)
(711)
(8)
(5016)
(6)
(1254)
(2453)
(7)
(52)
(10)
(21)
(237)
(166)
(35)
(9)
(32)
(252)
(20)
(388)
(33)
(24)
(159)
(65)
(48)
(5)
(13)
(55)
(147)
(11)
(37)
(161)
(3167)
(62)
(4)
(12)
(78)
(4)
(4)
(219)
(152)
(38)
(87)
(238)
(4)
(4)
(256)
(15)
(104)
(967)
(4)
(1239)
(1247)
(39)
(106)
(4)
(236)
(15)
(1940)
(52)
(26)
(6)
(7)
(4)
(4)
(213)
(184)
(1807)
(7)
(201)
(13)
(25)
(6)
(223)
(4)
(85)
(534)
(359)
(362)
(6)
(148)
(101)
(19)
(1232)
(1281)
(230)
(8)
(20)
(4)
(1660)
(187)
(133)
(89)
(68)
(344)
(10)
(4)
(23)
(23)
(61)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(60)
(208)
(64)
(189)
(34)
(185)
(33)
(67)
(4)
(32)
(6)
(118)
(6)
(222)
(5)
(1945)
(4)
(1532)
(4)
(1874)
(8)
(546)
(66)
(28)
(74)
(52)
(414)
(5)
(28)
(92)
(5)
(36)
(8)
(18)
(66)
(2666)
(492)
(42)
(24)
(27)
(108)
(231)
(7)
(6)
(9)
(56)
(26)
(337)
(20)
(267)
(150)
(243)
(4)
(4)
(315)
(5)
(108)
(63)
(3137)
(7)
(12)
(7)
(2813)
(46)
(9)
(4)
(37)
(794)
(79)
(5)
(6)
(53)
(201)
(14)
(153)
(1654)
(144)
(155)
(234)
(521)
(376)
(4187)
(510)
(4)
(9)
(5)
(44)
(179)
(75)
(34)
(10)
(4)
(89)
(10)
(42)
(67)
(32)
(119)
(5)
(20)
(14)
(4)
(4)
(31)
(5)
(456)
(26)
(42)
(6)
(62)
(7)
(193)
(510)
(170)
(165)
(7)
(9)
(7)
(10)
(309)
(18)
(6)
(560)
(1929)
(19)
(156)
(5)
(647)
(44)
(33)
(29)
(70)
(669)
(4)
(297)
(344)
(295)
(82)
(4)
(4)
(295)
(37)
(8)
(10)
(34)
(5)
(45)
(241)
(5)
(186)
(5)
(34)
(34)
(52)
(13)
(8)
(7)
(166)
(6641)
(26)
(4)
(622)
(8)
(18)
(4)
(25)
(309)
(2308)
(4)
(37)
(359)
(682)
(4)
(4)
(1027)
(8)
(26)
(54)
(167)
(6)
(4)
(85)
(44)
(15)
(789)
(5)
(2211)
(5)
(4)
(361)
(6)
(51)
(384)
(49)
(308)
(1054)
(23)
(1645)
(5)
(463)
(4725)
(9)
(1340)
(7)
(6738)
(12)
(1581)
(7)
(522)
(11)
(7)
(5248)
(12)
(5)
(28)
(111)
(9)
(6)
(15)
(24)
(2316)
(46)
(63)
(13)
(35)
(4)
(68)
(7)
(13)
(4)
(6)
(5)
(23)
(82)
(8)
(4)
(642)
(153)
(5)
(433)
(105)
(242)
(16)
(745)
(2351)
(10)
(668)
(21)
(22)
(217)
(6)
(346)
(34)
(63)
(340)
(262)
(4)
(15)
(1912)
(1246)
(113)
(34)
(21)
(51)
(5)
(37)
(16)
(24)
(8)
(5)
(4)
(384)
(100)
(48)
(431)
(560)
(7)
(609)
(344)
(4)
(166)
(11)
(5)
(289)
(49)
(643)
(119)
(21)
(6)
(5)
(1199)
(38)
(553)
(210)
(5)
(53)
(135)
(75)
(5)
(65)
(16)
(112)
(5)
(16)
(6228)
(32)
(51)
(53)
(9)
(10)
(324)
(2291)
(12)
(14)
(10)
(3298)
(17)
(11)
(1419)
(6)
(5)
(8)
(12)
(7)
(162)
(887)
(1078)
(1161)
(23)
(6)
(39)
(7)
(535)
(474)
(869)
(30)
(19)
(194)
(38)
(13)
(42)
(96)
(5)
(59)
(60)
(74)
(5)
(142)
(6)
(231)
(894)
(5)
(55)
(19)
(434)
(317)
(462)
(5)
(1140)
(11)
(17)
(9)
(15)
(43)
(1530)
(6)
(26)
(1427)
(18)
(17)
(30)
(12)
(23)
(16)
(22)
(14)
(55)
(39)
(18)
(36)
(15)
(5)
(8)
(106)
(37)
(509)
(9)
(5)
(8)
(58)
(1124)
(72)
(5)
(1457)
(6)
(74)
(76)
(7)
(5)
(1339)
(413)
(5)
(122)
(5289)
(48)
(641)
(1083)
(329)
(5)
(180)
(5)
(229)
(330)
(352)
(10)
(72)
(8)
(47)
(5232)
(3755)
(7)
(5)
(5)
(12)
(9)
(59)
(127)
(9)
(21)
(117)
(352)
(230)
(227)
(4432)
(18)
(17)
(100)
(11)
(159)
(19)
(30)
(28)
(41)
(2690)
(29)
(371)
(2764)
(195)
(2490)
(787)
(1023)
(30)
(62)
(11)
(275)
(22)
(15)
(10)
(5)
(20)
(6)
(39)
(6)
(23)
(12)
(1066)
(163)
(42)
(7)
(12)
(7)
(16)
(28)
(689)
(19)
(62)
(8)
(6)
(8681)
(5)
(103)
(11)
(5)
(847)
(8)
(3582)
(6)
(8)
(62)
(5)
(3057)
(3220)
(338)
(64)
(21)
(17)
(14)
(9)
(9)
(37)
(39)
(15)
(11)
(6)
(188)
(5)
(3076)
(18)
(3166)
(826)
(118)
(198)
(76)
(328)
(70)
(50)
(38)
(70)
(166)
(39)
(107)
(39)
(24)
(2139)
(1495)
(7)
(17)
(5)
(164)
(26)
(10)
(163)
(89)
(51)
(9)
(7)
(7)
(1119)
(5)
(16)
(8)
(60)
(9027)
(53)
(91)
(17)
(5)
(77781)
(17)
(16)
(1014)
(5)
(28)
(5)
(5)
(7)
(5)
(5)
(41)
(9)
(8)
(271)
(36)
(6)
(299)
(5)
(5)
(125)
(7)
(119)
(123)
(603)
(93)
(7)
(80)
(8)
(9)
(4798)
(370)
(7)
(28)
(41)
(6025)
(6)
(5)
(18)
(204)
(36)
(96)
(153)
(13)
(87)
(51)
(29)
(92)
(6)
(5)
(10)
(6)
(441)
(22)
(72)
(12)
(17)
(7)
(12)
(691)
(12)
(175)
(502)
(195)
(10)
(40)
(55)
(21)
(52)
(6)
(8)
(13)
(31)
(28)
(47)
(1357)
(570)
(24)
(12)
(15)
(665)
(222)
(52)
(15)
(9)
(32)
(13)
(1262)
(37)
(1550)
(6)
(16)
(6)
(10)
(5)
(35)
(17)
(29)
(5)
(346)
(6)
(399)
(11)
(15)
(1307)
(1216)
(100)
(264)
(134)
(127)
(13)
(12)
(436)
(12)
(144)
(42)
(77)
(17)
(8)
(8)
(102)
(20)
(24)
(5)
(21)
(7)
(6)
(8)
(104)
(17)
(7)
(11)
(782)
(377)
(1999)
(7534)
(6916)
(8)
(8)
(5)
(5)
(8)
(7612)
(6077)
(7)
(5)
(185)
(6)
(77333)
(4644)
(6)
(30)
(14)
(12)
(55)
(5)
(5)
(10)
(79)
(1433)
(152)
(821)
(51)
(1135)
(6)
(5)
(514)
(219)
(5)
(81)
(1616)
(108)
(5)
(57)
(2247)
(381)
(19)
(793)
(18)
(5)
(728)
(608)
(245)
(366)
(8)
(952)
(13)
(13)
(26)
(1021)
(2058)
(34)
(5)
(9)
(178)
(88)
(15)
(11)
(5060)
(12)
(10)
(5)
(29)
(11)
(1579)
(120)
(7)
(161)
(170)
(139)
(50)
(58)
(153)
(51)
(32)
(102)
(3070)
(7)
(8)
(28)
(6)
(14)
(795)
(190)
(36)
(399)
(9)
(8)
(16)
(21)
(22)
(86)
(720)
(5)
(255)
(9)
(10)
(1733)
(32)
(5)
(752)
(7)
(61)
(41)
(93)
(26)
(125)
(30)
(20)
(18)
(132)
(9)
(16)
(663)
(867)
(1242)
(22)
(8)
(20)
(50)
(5)
(880)
(2942)
(110)
(668)
(52)
(432)
(515)
(7)
(13)
(65)
(5)
(300)
(61)
(23)
(30)
(302)
(121)
(691)
(100)
(3094)
(305)
(8)
(20)
(14)
(5)
(247)
(8914)
(10)
(11)
(40)
(10)
(8)
(121)
(96)
(6)
(81)
(14)
0 of 1000
(76)
(64)
(38)
(49)
(38)
(50)
(50)
(113)
(79)
(94)
(60)
(38)
(45)
(36)
(52)
(110)
(245)
(56)
(60)
(80)
(278)
(83)
(106)
(43)
(57)
(139)
(49)
(132)
(36)
(45)
(74)
(42)
(43)
(72)
(36)
(99)
(39)
(225)
(42)
(38)
(71)
(71)
(64)
(115)
(55)
(77)
(62)
(37)
(152)
(138)
(52)
(51)
(43)
(38)
(63)
(68)
(36)
(48)
(67)
(49)
(52)
(43)
(55)
(172)
(63)
(39)
(59)
(38)
(86)
(41)
(39)
(67)
(59)
(50)
(45)
(54)
(55)
(36)
(102)
(127)
(40)
(65)
(59)
(81)
(69)
(65)
(53)
(42)
(78)
(58)
(147)
(43)
(45)
(95)
(38)
(46)
(47)
(88)
(91)
(37)
(45)
(86)
(78)
(37)
(55)
(38)
(66)
(45)
(56)
(82)
(45)
(59)
(76)
(159)
(63)
(41)
(128)
(86)
(40)
(88)
(109)
(70)
(47)
(74)
(60)
(175)
(36)
(42)
(38)
(41)
(41)
(93)
(42)
(60)
(75)
(65)
(919)
(84)
(48)
(37)
(44)
(182)
(45)
(36)
(60)
(36)
(60)
(129)
(100)
(71)
(63)
(39)
(147)
(40)
(88)
(37)
(76)
(42)
(43)
(108)
(39)
(36)
(42)
(243)
(58)
(77)
(124)
(37)
(41)
(89)
(44)
(41)
(41)
(56)
(126)
(61)
(49)
(132)
(59)
(54)
(49)
(56)
(61)
(38)
(48)
(37)
(44)
(54)
(138)
(45)
(71)
(38)
(37)
(55)
(73)
(136)
(36)
(103)
(81)
(48)
(112)
(43)
(87)
(81)
(37)
(36)
(51)
(87)
(41)
(44)
(50)
(41)
(52)
(45)
(58)
(41)
(79)
(42)
(52)
(51)
(66)
(171)
(48)
(38)
(156)
(94)
(49)
(37)
(45)
(99)
(53)
(126)
(41)
(67)
(71)
(222)
(86)
(51)
(100)
(41)
(39)
(50)
(42)
(39)
(37)
(38)
(71)
(85)
(140)
(44)
(55)
(52)
(171)
(38)
(42)
(38)
(167)
(40)
(48)
(37)
(73)
(109)
(67)
(39)
(86)
(58)
(41)
(39)
(55)
(67)
(54)
(58)
(213)
(155)
(37)
(59)
(75)
(81)
(41)
(51)
(87)
(82)
(38)
(48)
(87)
(83)
(56)
(54)
(65)
(47)
(56)
(62)
(81)
(208)
(47)
(73)
(61)
(47)
(185)
(38)
(45)
(46)
(106)
(43)
(78)
(93)
(44)
(86)
(37)
(44)
(62)
(53)
(48)
(40)
(97)
(38)
(56)
(56)
(49)
(67)
(146)
(44)
(42)
(46)
(53)
(45)
(125)
(39)
(60)
(74)
(138)
(85)
(249)
(75)
(87)
(37)
(253)
(96)
(78)
(65)
(171)
(92)
(37)
(78)
(55)
(84)
(45)
(60)
(60)
(112)
(37)
(36)
(134)
(59)
(45)
(77)
(261)
(64)
(40)
(89)
(36)
(117)
(54)
(108)
(79)
(153)
(68)
(38)
(194)
(45)
(85)
(58)
(45)
(62)
(51)
(38)
(75)
(49)
(61)
(43)
(88)
(49)
(49)
(48)
(43)
(96)
(49)
(41)
(93)
(123)
(109)
(46)
(158)
(47)
(68)
(51)
(92)
(48)
(81)
(108)
(44)
(43)
(100)
(46)
(42)
(56)
(37)
(58)
(94)
(45)
(75)
(78)
(36)
(94)
(51)
(39)
(82)
(209)
(66)
(59)
(69)
(37)
(108)
(239)
(51)
(44)
(42)
(104)
(67)
(55)
(48)
(46)
(45)
(53)
(50)
(39)
(87)
(48)
(48)
(49)
(54)
(38)
(59)
(63)
(70)
(41)
(70)
(92)
(153)
(45)
(55)
(70)
(67)
(52)
(72)
(54)
(60)
(47)
(36)
(100)
(37)
(62)
(248)
(80)
(37)
(40)
(49)
(39)
(42)
(97)
(40)
(106)
(44)
(91)
(42)
(129)
(41)
(102)
(55)
(36)
(65)
(51)
(43)
(65)
(37)
(72)
(44)
(92)
(154)
(40)
(75)
(42)
(55)
(54)
(37)
(61)
(43)
(61)
(59)
(54)
(84)
(174)
(45)
(120)
(45)
(250)
(61)
(64)
(93)
(38)
(79)
(69)
(88)
(63)
(65)
(93)
(71)
(68)
(56)
(44)
(122)
(101)
(44)
(55)
(62)
(49)
(73)
(46)
(36)
(53)
(107)
(56)
(60)
(46)
(160)
(43)
(75)
(44)
(36)
(37)
(57)
(46)
(68)
(36)
(52)
(55)
(40)
(37)
(41)
(58)
(65)
(42)
(36)
(116)
(47)
(127)
(46)
(54)
(89)
(79)
(42)
(73)
(103)
(53)
(55)
(37)
(72)
(101)
(44)
(67)
(63)
(46)
(57)
(40)
(105)
(53)
(100)
(78)
(54)
(176)
(39)
(37)
(113)
(108)
(70)
(61)
(36)
(40)
(47)
(155)
(96)
(93)
(37)
(86)
(47)
(98)
(38)
(65)
(67)
(84)
(51)
(48)
(201)
(48)
(44)
(64)
(81)
(48)
(38)
(39)
(37)
(52)
(186)
(36)
(44)
(40)
(103)
(41)
(41)
(86)
(58)
(40)
(44)
(41)
(58)
(171)
(42)
(68)
(85)
(36)
(43)
(36)
(45)
(52)
(40)
(54)
(43)
(50)
(37)
(47)
(91)
(37)
(43)
(49)
(122)
(44)
(42)
(36)
(46)
(56)
(152)
(44)
(73)
(263)
(36)
(47)
(49)
(55)
(55)
(156)
(144)
(45)
(130)
(149)
(41)
(37)
(97)
(67)
(45)
(65)
(36)
(38)
(67)
(134)
(60)
(37)
(58)
(65)
(51)
(47)
(153)
(36)
(49)
(65)
(122)
(44)
(79)
(144)
(39)
(52)
(51)
(48)
(39)
(105)
(37)
(37)
(36)
(93)
(47)
(162)
(38)
(42)
(38)
(166)
(57)
(152)
(55)
(119)
(38)
(40)
(101)
(58)
(47)
(49)
(41)
(111)
(61)
(72)
(40)
(43)
(42)
(42)
(41)
(150)
(58)
(42)
(43)
(64)
(84)
(53)
(103)
(53)
(43)
(78)
(107)
(41)
(109)
(59)
(36)
(132)
(41)
(66)
(57)
(53)
(96)
(46)
(119)
(72)
(68)
(36)
(47)
(36)
(216)
(40)
(57)
(40)
(59)
(172)
(52)
(65)
(92)
(57)
(262)
(43)
(43)
(95)
(37)
(38)
(81)
(82)
(76)
(43)
(85)
(39)
(167)
(68)
(92)
(51)
(63)
(65)
(50)
(70)
(125)
(123)
(37)
(69)
(52)
(39)
(40)
(61)
(65)
(37)
(45)
(88)
(154)
(46)
(274)
(71)
(44)
(40)
(53)
(53)
(49)
(189)
(57)
(55)
(113)
(40)
(37)
(46)
(43)
(65)
(44)
(95)
(227)
(42)
(79)
(39)
(227)
(70)
(162)
(39)
(82)
(49)
(87)
(55)
(96)
(62)
(86)
(114)
(47)
(76)
(40)
(43)
(65)
(45)
(45)
(121)
(51)
(109)
(54)
(55)
(46)
(40)
(40)
(55)
(51)
(79)
(91)
(64)
(53)
(51)
(37)
(50)
(94)
(95)
(54)
(217)
(223)
(53)
(113)
(62)
(70)
(42)
(37)
(92)
(156)
(55)
(46)
(48)
(54)
(48)
(87)
(67)
(42)
(58)
(97)
(51)
(43)
(55)
(57)
(79)
(74)
(40)
(40)
(74)
(104)
(213)
(99)
(55)
(57)
(101)
(63)
(56)
(52)
(69)
(95)
(104)
(121)
(61)
(85)
(69)
(39)
(54)
(57)
(289)
(42)
(60)
(72)
(194)
(112)
(86)
(99)
(111)
(38)
(59)
(70)
(80)
(46)
(55)
(88)
(191)
(41)
(41)
(119)
(59)
(51)
(61)
(50)
(71)
(43)
(48)
(135)
(84)
(50)
(48)
(85)
(38)
(102)
(68)
(62)
(51)
(130)
(37)
(128)
(59)
(39)
(109)
(73)
(48)
(53)
(45)
(63)
(47)
(106)
(63)
(46)
(59)
(45)
(45)
(178)
(83)
(82)
(39)
(58)
(48)
(40)
(76)
(54)
(66)
(74)
(45)
(42)
(42)
(71)
(99)
(89)
(97)
(119)
(64)
(53)
(50)
(39)
(64)
(42)
(98)
(101)
(51)
(40)
(53)
(90)
(59)
(50)
(137)
(80)
(38)
(52)
(79)
(71)
(55)
0 of 1000
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(10)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(64)
(1)
(65)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(18)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(14)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(68)
(85)
(1)
(121)
(117)
(1)
(1)
(270)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(69)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(21)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(144)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(9)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(44)
(2)
(1)
(7)
(3)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(57)
(2)
(48)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(17)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(685)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(11)
(66)
(46)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(2)
(8)
(35)
(9)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(5)
(105)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(2)
(1)
(27)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(31)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(7)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(19)
(1)
(10)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(20)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(14)
(14)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(192)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(3)
(23)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(134)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(231)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(13)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(39)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(21)
(21)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(245)
(2)
(52)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(217)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(228)
(48)
(53)
(1)
(210)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(187)
(4)
(184)
(47)
(1)
(47)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(35)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(24)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(6)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(54)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(14)
(12)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(9496)
(1)
(1)
(61)
(3)
(1)
(8)
(8)
(4)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(44)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(257)
(2)
(1)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(19)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(17)
(1)
(24)
(22)
(1)
(51)
(2)
(1)
(15)
(1)
(1)
(24)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(8)
(76)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(322)
(2)
(751)
(1)
(22)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(2)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(1)
(37)
(12)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(26)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(10)
(110)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(21)
(382)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(8)
(97)
(1)
(5)
(125)
(13)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(56)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(33)
(1)
(59)
(18)
(77)
(29)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(1)
(24)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(16)
(24)
(1)
(186)
(211)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(30)
(30)
(32)
(1)
(64)
(1)
(62)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(6)
(10)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(10)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(11)
(52)
(52)
(52)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(150)
(41)
(38)
(8)
(4)
(8)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(25)
(1)
(1)
(25)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(13)
(15)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(4)
(4)
(2064)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(19)
(1)
(13)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(12)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(68)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(12)
(4)
(5)
(2)
(19)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(20)
(5)
(10)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(38)
(94)
(283)
(4)
(5)
(8)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(84)
(8)
(2)
(19)
(4)
(3)
(14)
(7)
(2)
(715)
(127)
(49)
(48)
(2)
(4)
(34)
(34)
(2)
(34)
(12)
(106)
(106)
(2)
(14)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(5)
(2)
(45)
(45)
0 of 1000
(1)
(204)
(19)
(114)
(129)
(601)
(78)
(165)
(64)
(1)
(184)
(1)
(168)
(2319)
(981)
(10)
(63)
(257)
(699)
(1)
(115)
(1)
(1480)
(618)
(2268)
(224)
(7743)
(336)
(1)
(2911)
(6)
(197)
(342)
(33)
(1277)
(238)
(113)
(2)
(21)
(73)
(5134)
(5)
(51)
(116)
(4)
(26)
(95)
(1138)
(5)
(28)
(13)
(1)
(741)
(5)
(695)
(3)
(28)
(1363)
(4)
(9)
(47)
(2041)
(7)
(5)
(613)
(10)
(1)
(100)
(18)
(13)
(139)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1108)
(6)
(1)
(5)
(3454)
(1238)
(37)
(375)
(663)
(243)
(13)
(371)
(7)
(273)
(535)
(363)
(2)
(1014)
(12)
(327)
(7)
(49)
(1235)
(138)
(33)
(75)
0 of 101
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(589)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(4)
(8)
(4)
(35)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(108)
(4)
(909)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(17)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(420)
(6)
(6)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(76)
(2)
(2)
(67)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(184)
(3)
(2)
(18)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(35)
(2)
(27)
(2)
(3)
(228)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(28)
(2)
(19)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(38)
(1)
(27)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(56)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(831)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(7)
(7)
(1)
(2)
(13)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(9)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(8)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(13)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(6)
(9)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(11)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(156)
(29)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(13)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(4)
(20)
(3)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(7)
(8)
(1)
(40)
(8)
(5)
(1)
(12)
(6)
(19)
(2)
(4)
(5)
(8)
(1)
(4)
(33)
(5)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(25)
(10)
(1)
(3)
(8)
(3)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(14)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(10)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(7)
(18)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(6)
(8)
(5)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(19)
(3)
(3)
(7)
(6)
(3)
(4)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(4)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(15)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(4)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(29)
(3)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(27)
(20)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(4)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(63)
(1)
(1)
(43)
(1)
(31)
(2)
(7)
(13)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(11)
(30)
(8)
(6)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(1)
(36)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(31)
(2)
(1)
(107)
(4)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(11)
(3)
(32)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(15)
(1)
(41)
(1)
(14)
(1)
(2)
(39)
(1)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(8)
(20)
(2)
(83)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(17)
(25)
(1)
(3)
(7)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(5)
(4)
(1)
(16)
(10)
(14)
(1)
(5)
(4)
(12)
(3)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(5)
(5)
(11)
(5)
(1)
(47)
(10)
(20)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(54)
(1)
(8)
(3)
(6)
(9)
(32)
(1)
(2)
(17)
(2)
(8)
(2)
(24)
(24)
(35)
(7)
(3)
(3)
(11)
(12)
(2)
(3)
(6)
(5)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(8)
(4)
(13)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(6)
(2)
(8)
(3)
(29)
(15)
(6)
(2)
(4)
(5)
(3)
(10)
(6)
(12)
(10)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(9)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(4)
(10)
(3)
(8)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(6)
(3)
(4)
(8)
(5)
(12)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(8)
(6)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(6)
(8)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(63)
(10)
(4)
(2)
(14)
(20)
(2)
(2)
(9)
(4)
(4)
(23)
(7)
(68)
(2)
(2)
(16)
(11)
(17)
(47)
(36)
(9)
(4)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(7)
(19)
(12)
(2)
(2)
(9)
(3)
(7)
(2)
(4)
(10)
(4)
(8)
(7)
(7)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(6)
(38)
(4)
(2)
(6)
(4)
(13)
(11)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(17)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(44)
(11)
(5)
(15)
(35)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(2)
(8)
(16)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(14)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(60)
(2)
(10)
(4)
(4)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(8)
(3)
(8)
(5)
(2)
(10)
(3)
(6)
(2)
(6)
(16)
(2)
(3)
(15)
(2)
(10)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(13)
(21)
(47)
(8)
(6)
(2)
(5)
(143)
(9)
(2)
(3)
(9)
(22)
(9)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(59)
(2)
(41)
(5)
(5)
(9)
(6)
(2)
(6)
(3)
(4)
(8)
(2)
(4)
(6)
(4)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(7)
(3)
(14)
(7)
(3)
(44)
(4)
(23)
(24)
(2)
(5)
(7)
(51)
(2)
(3)
(14)
(2)
(3)
(8)
(23)
(3)
(6)
(10)
(2)
(9)
(3)
(7)
(7)
(2)
(27)
(2)
(9)
(35)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(21)
(1)
(8)
(2)
(11)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(14)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(20)
(7)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(10)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(12)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(19)
(3)
(4)
(6)
(14)
(5)
(10)
(3)
(5)
(4)
(30)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(6)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(2)
(4)
(3)
(4)
(29)
(2)
(5)
(23)
(16)
(4)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(8)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(4)
(18)
(3)
0 of 1000
(2563)
(2)
(23)
(30)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2225)
(1)
(118)
(16)
(4)
(28)
(1)
(7)
(56)
(140)
(366)
(75)
(255)
(87)
(94)
(559)
(194)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(1)
(7)
(510)
(1195)
(10)
(2)
(2)
(8)
(4)
(2853)
(1927)
(7)
(1)
(13)
(7)
(8)
(173)
(201)
(4)
(2)
(4)
(165)
(547)
(1)
(3)
(43)
(841)
(23)
(2)
(752)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(69)
(43)
(137)
(14)
(574)
(526)
(26)
(137)
(80)
(38)
(47)
(62)
(15)
(44)
(26)
(7)
(1491)
(136)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(348)
(1)
(372)
(8)
(5)
(17)
(1)
(32)
(3)
(1)
(143)
(5)
(66)
(4)
(191)
(18)
0 of 97
(4)
(17)
(111)
(15)
(21)
(269)
(23)
(13)
(3)
(397)
(429)
(11)
(79)
(36)
(9)
(41)
(3)
(8)
(4)
(16)
(17)
(5)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(6)
(73)
(2)
(20)
(44)
(35)
(92)
(22)
(22)
(47)
(18)
(113)
(3)
(18)
(9)
(13)
(4)
(11)
(1)
(10)
(38)
(3)
(9)
(17)
(10)
(24)
(12)
(9)
(24)
(2)
(10)
0 of 56
(456)
(3)
(14)
(173)
(887)
(392)
(40)
(2812)
(618)
(2)
(239)
(44)
(100)
(121)
(55)
(281)
(7)
(103)
(207)
(19)
(110)
(1)
(96)
(100)
(824)
(160)
(215)
(218)
(229)
(3)
(258)
(41)
(15)
(30)
(4)
(75)
(511)
(44)
(27)
(74)
(113)
(35)
0 of 42
(47018)
(27894)
(3)
0 of 3
(1)
(635)
(5688)
(5)
(3)
(6)
(280)
(44)
(1)
(1)
(213)
(43)
(1851)
(28)
(2)
(1)
(1744)
(79)
(1)
(27)
(1)
(129)
(1)
(5)
(3)
(28)
(907)
(6425)
(1)
(406)
(1)
(15)
(4)
(10)
(1)
(396)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1191)
(8)
(716)
(1)
(8356)
(3339)
(294)
(1754)
(1)
(3)
(953)
(25)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(206)
(1)
(114)
(2)
(21)
(2)
(5)
(6)
(1)
(282)
(188)
(5)
(33060)
(4)
(302)
(28)
(1)
(8)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(8)
(5)
(6)
(1076)
(7)
(1)
(926)
(3)
(526)
(788)
(1)
(1)
(137)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(58)
(154)
(4)
(12)
(1)
(6)
(60)
(5)
(6148)
(44)
(3)
(9)
(5677)
(116)
(1)
(4)
(216)
(1)
(169)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(20)
(14)
(300)
(145)
(2)
(330)
(293)
(17)
(17)
(169)
(2)
(88)
0 of 125
(3076)
(912)
(3756)
(373)
(478)
(356)
(835)
(3821)
(539)
(661)
(228)
(308)
(1504)
(1285)
(1039)
(548)
(642)
(269)
(466)
(1291)
(627)
(322)
(1694)
(506)
(246)
(371)
(734)
(2376)
(145)
(1080)
(144)
(413)
(373)
(139)
(380)
(313)
(636)
(536)
(235)
(1420)
(232)
(210)
(647)
(173)
(1008)
(148)
(304)
(187)
(144)
(197)
(161)
(429)
(232)
(254)
(162)
(358)
(327)
(353)
(206)
(368)
(473)
(1190)
(410)
(1083)
(175)
(221)
(247)
(255)
(1390)
(147)
(1905)
(647)
(201)
(151)
(231)
(140)
(153)
(243)
(298)
(154)
(387)
(236)
(157)
(157)
(147)
(182)
(524)
(188)
(504)
(175)
(1366)
(216)
(183)
(154)
(309)
(147)
(167)
(151)
(211)
(1015)
(342)
(151)
(512)
(188)
(248)
(144)
(1206)
(159)
(147)
(1271)
(297)
(142)
(159)
(156)
(241)
(140)
(141)
(237)
(195)
(299)
(258)
(616)
(189)
(169)
(1404)
(516)
(218)
(178)
(143)
(170)
(464)
(349)
(1048)
(187)
(458)
(263)
(294)
(424)
(601)
(404)
(178)
(367)
(157)
(484)
(257)
(412)
(534)
(199)
(141)
(143)
(376)
(672)
(198)
(540)
(320)
(388)
(200)
(218)
(700)
(386)
(244)
(261)
(305)
(1295)
(271)
(184)
(253)
(176)
(142)
(163)
(141)
(172)
(189)
(358)
(519)
(1348)
(186)
(155)
(250)
(153)
(461)
(406)
(288)
(740)
(154)
(163)
(212)
(148)
(361)
(236)
(340)
(236)
(246)
(1470)
(558)
(1458)
(295)
(306)
(1657)
(251)
(723)
(141)
(865)
(397)
(1287)
(151)
(158)
(189)
(514)
(432)
(200)
(208)
(341)
(255)
(143)
(248)
(262)
(184)
(145)
(168)
(169)
(1308)
(615)
(185)
(369)
(152)
(160)
(264)
(321)
(245)
(168)
(169)
(444)
(175)
(268)
(778)
(186)
(230)
(151)
(151)
(632)
(297)
(252)
(633)
(410)
(261)
(605)
(231)
(1102)
(468)
(564)
(229)
(159)
(534)
(1125)
(1969)
(174)
(451)
(228)
(214)
(247)
(238)
(268)
(928)
(239)
(210)
(502)
(182)
(193)
(166)
(151)
(820)
(294)
(194)
(147)
(392)
(293)
(283)
(972)
(316)
(402)
(171)
(845)
(541)
(425)
(269)
(252)
(269)
(776)
(208)
(148)
(188)
(172)
(177)
(201)
(4813)
(225)
(890)
(915)
(645)
(540)
(199)
(383)
(312)
(303)
(333)
(2120)
(204)
(294)
(170)
(239)
(219)
(2593)
(3875)
(1035)
(824)
(1372)
(176)
(2034)
(163)
(201)
(212)
(150)
(241)
(256)
(558)
(683)
(1804)
(669)
(1301)
(537)
(329)
(209)
(677)
(497)
(233)
(903)
(376)
(223)
(226)
(205)
(671)
(195)
(266)
(199)
(255)
(148)
(144)
(180)
(176)
(359)
(245)
(196)
(158)
(204)
(410)
(397)
(169)
(543)
(311)
(202)
(738)
(333)
(159)
(383)
(233)
(426)
(165)
(354)
(265)
(402)
(306)
(253)
(190)
(193)
(317)
(232)
(1082)
(815)
(187)
(161)
(196)
(384)
(220)
(1802)
(532)
(569)
(618)
(466)
(1101)
(1314)
(350)
(390)
(263)
(179)
(870)
(512)
(223)
(387)
(672)
(141)
(290)
(992)
(222)
(222)
(567)
(201)
(295)
(294)
(215)
(159)
(175)
(513)
(301)
(207)
(176)
(315)
(154)
(201)
(143)
(178)
(279)
(244)
(506)
(163)
(200)
(198)
(164)
(246)
(4763)
(215)
(154)
(154)
(227)
(194)
(227)
(428)
(207)
(578)
(143)
(253)
(442)
(215)
(357)
(475)
(509)
(159)
(189)
(202)
(265)
(173)
(256)
(981)
(220)
(187)
(200)
(332)
(187)
(429)
(454)
(150)
(230)
(315)
(548)
(413)
(357)
(657)
(151)
(7105)
(4744)
(2133)
(303)
(569)
(427)
(169)
(186)
(250)
(282)
(309)
(598)
(169)
(230)
(2396)
(323)
(1063)
(170)
(815)
(433)
(323)
(156)
(318)
(228)
(262)
(149)
(235)
(158)
(213)
(140)
(167)
(162)
(279)
(254)
(297)
(145)
(156)
(757)
(518)
(436)
(795)
(1123)
(257)
(675)
(659)
(161)
(231)
(159)
(452)
(246)
(282)
(214)
(392)
(356)
(271)
(292)
(275)
(144)
(161)
(291)
(148)
(262)
(1141)
(257)
(391)
(180)
(147)
(244)
(318)
(163)
(478)
(550)
(206)
(539)
(170)
(270)
(258)
(148)
(215)
(206)
(261)
(2634)
(233)
(185)
(891)
(147)
(373)
(284)
(271)
(236)
(181)
(166)
(625)
(150)
(140)
(156)
(176)
(175)
(620)
(239)
(165)
(140)
(159)
(547)
(313)
(169)
(167)
(936)
(176)
(177)
(768)
(634)
(2617)
(225)
(996)
(159)
(2421)
(193)
(232)
(166)
(537)
(539)
(419)
(465)
(364)
(154)
(1132)
(1164)
(294)
(351)
(550)
(183)
(505)
(801)
(973)
(281)
(146)
(159)
(245)
(468)
(928)
(1535)
(758)
(274)
(457)
(317)
(347)
(1278)
(192)
(216)
(197)
(166)
(316)
(295)
(180)
(6161)
(796)
(163)
(1477)
(2241)
(1722)
(707)
(1782)
(154)
(692)
(198)
(238)
(693)
(513)
(353)
(187)
(357)
(207)
(800)
(560)
(155)
(361)
(731)
(697)
(3663)
(1986)
(1831)
(625)
(296)
(240)
(799)
(172)
(205)
(155)
(1311)
(194)
(403)
(465)
(326)
(256)
(139)
(337)
(204)
(552)
(309)
(172)
(339)
(151)
(657)
(198)
(148)
(440)
(619)
(823)
(1092)
(1727)
(378)
(449)
(489)
(581)
(349)
(154)
(147)
(212)
(181)
(173)
(177)
(166)
(382)
(329)
(790)
(244)
(147)
(2240)
(209)
(161)
(207)
(334)
(142)
(251)
(166)
(183)
(801)
(1900)
(252)
(946)
(787)
(404)
(258)
(203)
(146)
(141)
(160)
(200)
(404)
(161)
(180)
(454)
(264)
(178)
(292)
(643)
(360)
(217)
(288)
(500)
(206)
(145)
(297)
(596)
(192)
(158)
(295)
(169)
(198)
(236)
(335)
(213)
(151)
(151)
(268)
(891)
(164)
(794)
(491)
(214)
(258)
(208)
(157)
(324)
(893)
(1267)
(192)
(275)
(477)
(689)
(342)
(347)
(224)
(197)
(405)
(373)
(172)
(179)
(193)
(403)
(350)
(283)
(457)
(885)
(603)
(810)
(339)
(822)
(2800)
(195)
(143)
(149)
(465)
(284)
(152)
(893)
(239)
(1391)
(768)
(513)
(207)
(337)
(268)
(146)
(258)
(216)
(426)
(437)
(182)
(277)
(263)
(140)
(278)
(181)
(187)
(871)
(431)
(450)
(941)
(242)
(154)
(348)
(204)
(1091)
(504)
(758)
(3026)
(393)
(152)
(222)
(191)
(189)
(771)
(2281)
(3451)
(256)
(492)
(2358)
(259)
(171)
(155)
(243)
(372)
(236)
(179)
(1048)
(182)
(215)
(193)
(2900)
(310)
(2139)
(3361)
(1495)
(158)
(2430)
(1342)
(1103)
(218)
(1108)
(356)
(802)
(1381)
(452)
(351)
(325)
(1483)
(311)
(748)
(193)
(147)
(145)
(312)
(414)
(620)
(200)
(233)
(162)
(232)
(209)
(873)
(229)
(356)
(462)
(325)
(256)
(306)
(258)
(351)
(724)
(418)
(145)
(218)
(263)
(226)
(193)
(240)
(177)
(296)
(587)
(203)
(635)
(486)
(248)
(598)
(210)
(330)
(704)
(3550)
(1124)
(293)
(937)
(199)
(194)
(141)
(1849)
(156)
(1369)
(502)
(258)
(305)
(240)
(157)
(261)
(263)
(145)
(142)
(140)
(286)
(473)
(897)
(429)
(356)
(212)
(156)
(291)
(141)
(1283)
(634)
(636)
(3845)
(292)
(210)
(3683)
(927)
(332)
(460)
(594)
(246)
(430)
(160)
(455)
(1690)
(735)
(615)
(311)
(475)
(157)
(422)
(151)
(1287)
(240)
(200)
(922)
(209)
(381)
(250)
(324)
(164)
(167)
(202)
(191)
(267)
(236)
(226)
(162)
(179)
(225)
(184)
(315)
(337)
(162)
(3008)
(1918)
(1560)
(144)
(3069)
(255)
(1880)
(246)
(1782)
(3158)
(2065)
(2167)
(180)
(922)
(4198)
(953)
(374)
(201)
(472)
(173)
(508)
(1601)
(247)
(169)
(436)
(307)
(625)
(589)
(336)
0 of 1000
(1)
(1)
0 of 2
Showing 181 - 200 of 82778 results
  • Identifying and Prioritizing Hazardous Chemicals in Construction Metal Structure Coating Systems A Roadmap for DataDriven Disease Prevention
    Identifying and Prioritizing Hazardous Chemicals in Construction Metal Structure Coating Systems: A Roadmap for Data-Driven Disease Prevention
    Bello A ;
    Bello D
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Introduction: Occupational exposure as a painter was classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a Group 1 carcinogen (carcinogenic to humans) in 1989. Chemical agents responsible for cancers and other illnesses among industrial painters are not well-documented. The goal of this systematic review and synthesis was to doc ...
  • Respiratory Quaternary Ammonium and Volatile Organic Compound Exposures Experienced by Home Care Aides During Residential Bathroom Cleaning Using Conventional and Green Products
    Respiratory Quaternary Ammonium and Volatile Organic Compound Exposures Experienced by Home Care Aides During Residential Bathroom Cleaning Using Conventional and Green Products
    Galligan CJ ;
    Gore RJ
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Introduction: US home care (HC) aide visits to clients' homes typically involve cleaning and disinfecting (C&D) environmental surfaces, particularly in bathrooms. Some ingredients in C&D products are associated with respiratory illness: sodium hypochlorite (bleach), quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This s ...
  • Heat Strain in Road Construction Workers During the Summer in New Mexico A Preliminary Study
    Heat Strain in Road Construction Workers During the Summer in New Mexico: A Preliminary Study
    Amorim FT ;
    Garcia S
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    In the summer season, road construction workers perform physically demanding tasks outdoors, placing them at greater risk for exertional heat illness conditions. Assessing core temperature (Tcore) is critical as it serves as a key indicator of heat strain and helps to estimate the risk of heat-related illness. Despite the increased risk of hyperthe ...
  • More Diverse School Microbiota May Provide Better Protection Against Respiratory Infections for School Staff
    More Diverse School Microbiota May Provide Better Protection Against Respiratory Infections for School Staff
    Cox-Ganser, Jean M. ;
    Croston TL
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Our understanding of how exposure to school microbiota affects the respiratory health of staff and students in schools is limited. We examined the associations between exposure to school microbiota and respiratory and gastrointestinal infections. We performed an epidemiologic analysis of 1,529 school employees in the U.S. A questionnaire was admini ...
    Public Domain
  • Risk of Traumatic Brain Injury in Deployment and Nondeployment Settings Among Members of the Millennium Cohort Study
    Risk of Traumatic Brain Injury in Deployment and Nondeployment Settings Among Members of the Millennium Cohort Study
    Gimeno Ruiz de Porras D ;
    Jannace KC
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Objective: To describe and quantify the prevalence and risk of deployment and nondeployment service-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) among participants of the Millennium Cohort Study. Setting: Survey data. Participants: 28 759 Millennium Cohort Study participants who were active duty, Reserves, or National Guard at the time of the survey. Desig ...
  • Suicides and Overdoses at Work Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries 20112022
    Suicides and Overdoses at Work: Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, 2011–2022
    Hendricks S ;
    Tiesman, Hope M.
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Introduction: The worsening life expectancy of middle-aged White Americans due to suicides and substance overdoses has been hypothesized to be caused by various societal conditions. Work is a social determinant of health, but its role in this demographic shift has not been examined. This article describes the characteristics and trends of suicides ...
    Public Domain
  • ThreeDimensional Heat and Moisture Transfer Analysis for Thermal Protection of Firefighters Gloves with Phase Change Materials
    Three-Dimensional Heat and Moisture Transfer Analysis for Thermal Protection of Firefighters’ Gloves with Phase Change Materials
    Pollard J ;
    Xu SS
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Transient three-dimensional (3D) heat and moisture transfer simulations were conducted to analyze the thermal performances of the entire phase change material (PCM) integrated into firefighters' gloves. PCM was broken down into several segments to cover the back and palm of the hand but to avoid finger joints to keep hand functions. Parametric stud ...
    Public Domain
  • Hazardous Exposures and Engineering Controls in the Landscaping Services Industry
    Hazardous Exposures and Engineering Controls in the Landscaping Services Industry
    Alexander, Barbara M. ;
    Beamer, Bryan R.
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Landscapers are exposed to noise, carbon monoxide (CO), respirable dust, and respirable crystalline silica (RCS) generated from the tools they use. Although engineering controls are available to reduce these exposures, no previous study has evaluated chronic exposures to landscapers in different work settings and compared exposures from landscaping ...
    Public Domain
  • Dermal Exposure to Agrochemicals as Risk Factor for Skin Cancer in Farmers and Ranchers in the US Central States
    Dermal Exposure to Agrochemicals as Risk Factor for Skin Cancer in Farmers and Ranchers in the US Central States
    Adhikari S ;
    Ahmed R
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: Farm operators are at a high risk of developing skin cancer due to their occupational sun exposure. With the growing incidence of skin cancer, it is also important to evaluate other occupational risk factors. Farm operators confront numerous physical, chemical, and biological hazards in their work environment. This study investigated wh ...
  • Think of the Children A Call for Mainstream Organizational Research on Child Employment and Labor
    Think of the Children: A Call for Mainstream Organizational Research on Child Employment and Labor
    Fletcher KA
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Although children are a sizeable portion of the workforce, and many of these employed children are engaged in child labor, organizational research has largely ignored this population. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the critical and timely need for organizational research on the experience of work for children, particularly those engaged ...
  • Towards Equitable and Sustainable Indoor Air Quality Guidelines a Perspective on Mandating Indoor Air Quality for Public Buildings
    Towards Equitable and Sustainable Indoor Air Quality Guidelines – a Perspective on Mandating Indoor Air Quality for Public Buildings
    Clinchard S ;
    Dimitroulopoulou S
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    A recent article published in Science urges mandatory indoor air quality (IAQ) standards in public spaces, focusing on protecting public health, especially against diseases such as COVID-19, but also IAQ in general. Given the significance of this topic to our society, this short communication aims to provide commentary on the article and further di ...
    Public Domain
  • Could BetterQuality Employment Improve Population Health Findings from a Scoping Review of MultiDimensional Employment Quality Research and a Proposed Research Direction
    Could Better-Quality Employment Improve Population Health? Findings from a Scoping Review of Multi-Dimensional Employment Quality Research and a Proposed Research Direction
    Ahonen EQ ;
    Bosmans K
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: Precarious employment, a specific part of the conceptual spectrum of employment quality (EQ), has been established as an important risk to individual and population health and well-being when compared to a standard employment circumstance. There remains a need, however, to explore whether and how EQ might be used as a tool to not only p ...
  • In Utero NanoTitanium Dioxide Exposure Results in Sexually Dimorphic Weight Gain and Cardiovascular Function in Offspring
    In Utero Nano-Titanium Dioxide Exposure Results in Sexually Dimorphic Weight Gain and Cardiovascular Function in Offspring
    Bowdridge E ;
    Gluth T
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Engineered nanomaterials (ENM) are capable of crossing the placental barrier and accumulating in fetal tissue. Specifically, the ENM nano-titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2), has been shown to accumulate in placental and fetal tissue, resulting in decreased birthweight in pups. Additionally, nano-TiO2 is an established cardiac toxicant and regulator of gl ...
  • ScanRescan Reliability of Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI
    Scan/Rescan Reliability of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
    Barim MS ;
    Beyers RJ
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly used to estimate the geometric dimensions of lower lumbar vertebrae. While MRI-based measurements have demonstrated good reliability with interclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) of 0.80 or higher, many evaluations focus solely on the comparison of identical MRI images. This approach pr ...
  • What Control Measures Should I Use Applying the Total Worker Health Hierarchy of Controls to Manage Workplace Fatigue
    What Control Measures Should I Use? Applying the Total Worker Health Hierarchy of Controls to Manage Workplace Fatigue
    Dawson D ;
    Pandalai S
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Increased fatigue risk has been associated with safety-critical events such as work-related injuries. While control measures are needed to reduce these risks, the wide range and complexities of fatigue risk management strategies can make it difficult for organizations to prioritize efforts given limited resources and time. Given these challenges, t ...
    Public Domain
  • Lessons Learned in Establishing and Sustaining Elastomeric Half Mask RespiratorBased Respiratory Protection Programs An Impact Evaluation
    Lessons Learned in Establishing and Sustaining Elastomeric Half Mask Respirator-Based Respiratory Protection Programs: An Impact Evaluation
    Edirisooriya M ;
    Haas, Emily J.
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Developing and overseeing Respiratory Protection Programs (RPPs) is crucial for ensuring effective respirator use among employees. To date, a gap exists in research that focuses on elastomeric half mask respirators (EHMRs) as the primary respirator in health delivery settings which would necessitate additional considerations in RPPs beyond the more ...
    Public Domain
  • The Organic Farmer Safety Health Life Questionnaire OFSHLQ A Tool for an Expanded Paradigm on Occupational Safety and Health
    The Organic Farmer Safety, Health & Life Questionnaire (OFSHLQ): A Tool for an Expanded Paradigm on Occupational Safety and Health
    Hsiao Y-Y ;
    Ji M
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Objective: Develop and validate a multidimensional tool consistent with an expanded occupational safety and health (OSH) paradigm. Methods: Systematic development process; cross-sectional survey design for psychometric properties. Exploratory factor analyses (EFA) and reliability estimates on key theoretical constructs. Results: The Organic Farmer ...
  • Influence of Work Intensity on Acute Kidney Injury Risk During Simulated Occupational Heat Stress
    Influence of Work Intensity on Acute Kidney Injury Risk During Simulated Occupational Heat Stress
    Heikkinen ME ;
    Hess HW
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Violation of the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) heat stress recommendations by exceeding the allowable wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) for a given work intensity and work-rest ratio augments acute kidney injury (AKI) risk. Here we tested the hypothesis that exceeding the allowable work intensity at a given WBGT and w ...
  • Branching Out The Nonwork Nature and Employee Outcomes NEO Model
    Branching Out: The Nonwork Nature and Employee Outcomes (NEO) Model
    Brossoit RM ;
    Leslie JJ
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Nature is considered a basic human need, with a large and growing body of literature demonstrating the advantages of exposure to nature and natural environments. Yet, this line of research has been largely disconnected from the organizational sciences, despite the widespread potential benefits that nature can have for employees. Emerging organizati ...
  • Safety Leadership Training Implementation and Effectiveness Evaluation in the Dairy Farm Industry
    Safety Leadership Training: Implementation and Effectiveness Evaluation in the Dairy Farm Industry
    Douphrate DI ;
    Hagevoort GR
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: Evidence-based interventions for the prevention of safety incidents at work are most effective when they include a focus on the hierarchy of controls. However, prior studies addressing the effects of safety leadership and safety climate are limited. The determination and adoption of evidence-based interventions specifically in the U.S. ...
181 - 200 / 82778