U.S. flag An official website of the United States government.
Official websites use .gov

A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS

A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

CDC Stacks Public Health Publications

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducts research and makes recommendations for preventing work-related injuries, illnesses, and deaths. For more information, visit https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/index.html.

(380)
(1084)
(1277)
(1648)
(1919)
(2667)
(2165)
(2175)
(2194)
(2022)
(2295)
(2185)
(2186)
(1946)
(1959)
(1868)
(1814)
(1896)
(1852)
(2021)
(1832)
(1776)
(1791)
(1593)
(1443)
(1340)
(1050)
(1129)
(1105)
(949)
(1158)
(1317)
(1239)
(1328)
(1187)
(1406)
(1037)
(1172)
(1173)
(1213)
(1054)
(1184)
(1312)
(1468)
(1469)
(1457)
(1274)
(1230)
(1333)
(1437)
(1233)
(1063)
(1078)
(826)
(603)
(526)
(112)
(50)
(32)
(39)
(31)
(34)
(23)
(13)
(6)
(7)
(6)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(5)
(40)
0 of 89
(1)
(637)
(13)
(9)
(1)
(133)
(1)
(89)
(3)
(563)
(1)
(28)
(1)
(177)
(79)
(5)
(67)
(57)
(11)
(1)
(7)
(1128)
(18)
(385)
(36)
(79262)
(1)
(4)
0 of 28
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(868)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(720)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(860)
(1)
(247)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(99)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(67)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(58)
(8)
(7)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6047)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(182)
(1)
(1)
(28)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3541)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(10)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(971)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(60)
(3)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(94)
(1)
(1)
(39)
(1)
(44)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2519)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(1932)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2553)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(46)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(158)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(387)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2303)
(1054)
(1)
(4)
(1772)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(228)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(35)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1535)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(740)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(296)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4624)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(4089)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2632)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2073)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(249)
(1)
(1)
(1111)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(378)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(633)
(1)
(559)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(4)
(234)
(1202)
(2)
(580)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(4805)
(17)
(1)
(5)
(4)
(107)
(7)
(86)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2780)
(1)
(130)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(14958)
(1)
(513)
(2)
(1)
(1445)
(3)
(2)
(5425)
(5768)
(24433)
(9686)
(22241)
(4245)
(3495)
(1)
(5416)
(7262)
(6873)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(8422)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(13)
(247)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(9)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(7)
(100)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(160)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(5)
(140)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(489)
(184)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(625)
(1)
(2559)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(16)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1107)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1366)
(1)
(2)
(209)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1830)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(4891)
(14)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(11086)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1377)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(83)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(299)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0 of 829
(29)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(738)
(282)
(3519)
(808)
(2063)
(1)
(3836)
(587)
(1)
(16441)
(11)
(1)
(2)
(22)
(1)
(132)
(3707)
(22)
(12)
(17)
(3)
(1)
(3)
(23)
(14)
(18)
(50)
(1)
(556)
(4)
0 of 36
(1)
(59)
(21)
(125)
(24)
(89)
(4)
(105)
(67)
(11)
(1)
(663)
(1)
(1)
(81)
(41)
(26)
(2548)
(1)
(21)
(1162)
(15)
(122)
(14)
(31)
(633)
(9)
(3)
(2834)
(11)
(2)
(2577)
(10)
(11)
(4)
(151)
(2179)
(114)
(4)
(105)
(13)
(169)
(175)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(37)
(2)
(5)
0 of 49
(69)
(6)
(5)
(1153)
(30)
(7)
(5019)
(4)
(5758)
(8707)
(11)
(26)
(121)
(19)
(5)
(26)
(43)
(37)
(26)
(74)
(207)
(4)
(151)
(67)
(6)
(27)
(5)
(4)
(105)
(5)
(5)
(696)
(26)
(193)
(32)
(6)
(2079)
(51)
(83)
(17)
(5)
(1893)
(1941)
(5)
(4)
(4)
(18)
(5)
(4446)
(10)
(59)
(319)
(6)
(711)
(8)
(5016)
(6)
(1254)
(2453)
(7)
(52)
(10)
(21)
(237)
(166)
(35)
(9)
(32)
(252)
(20)
(388)
(33)
(24)
(159)
(65)
(48)
(5)
(13)
(55)
(147)
(11)
(37)
(161)
(3166)
(62)
(4)
(12)
(78)
(4)
(4)
(219)
(152)
(38)
(87)
(238)
(4)
(4)
(256)
(15)
(104)
(967)
(4)
(1239)
(1247)
(39)
(106)
(4)
(236)
(15)
(1940)
(52)
(26)
(6)
(7)
(4)
(4)
(213)
(184)
(1807)
(7)
(201)
(13)
(25)
(6)
(223)
(4)
(85)
(534)
(359)
(362)
(6)
(148)
(101)
(19)
(1232)
(1281)
(230)
(8)
(20)
(4)
(1660)
(187)
(133)
(89)
(68)
(344)
(10)
(4)
(23)
(23)
(61)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(60)
(208)
(64)
(189)
(34)
(185)
(33)
(67)
(4)
(32)
(6)
(118)
(6)
(222)
(5)
(1945)
(4)
(1532)
(4)
(1874)
(8)
(546)
(66)
(28)
(74)
(52)
(414)
(5)
(28)
(92)
(5)
(36)
(8)
(18)
(66)
(2666)
(492)
(42)
(24)
(27)
(108)
(231)
(7)
(6)
(9)
(56)
(26)
(337)
(20)
(267)
(150)
(243)
(4)
(4)
(315)
(5)
(108)
(63)
(3137)
(7)
(12)
(7)
(2813)
(46)
(9)
(4)
(37)
(794)
(79)
(5)
(6)
(53)
(201)
(14)
(153)
(1654)
(144)
(155)
(234)
(521)
(376)
(4186)
(510)
(4)
(9)
(5)
(44)
(179)
(75)
(34)
(10)
(4)
(89)
(10)
(42)
(67)
(32)
(119)
(5)
(20)
(14)
(4)
(4)
(31)
(5)
(456)
(26)
(42)
(6)
(62)
(7)
(193)
(510)
(170)
(165)
(7)
(9)
(7)
(10)
(309)
(18)
(6)
(559)
(1929)
(19)
(156)
(5)
(647)
(44)
(33)
(29)
(70)
(669)
(4)
(297)
(344)
(295)
(82)
(4)
(4)
(295)
(37)
(8)
(10)
(34)
(5)
(45)
(241)
(5)
(186)
(5)
(34)
(34)
(52)
(13)
(8)
(7)
(166)
(6641)
(26)
(4)
(622)
(8)
(18)
(4)
(25)
(309)
(2307)
(4)
(37)
(359)
(682)
(4)
(4)
(1027)
(8)
(26)
(54)
(167)
(6)
(4)
(85)
(44)
(15)
(789)
(5)
(2211)
(5)
(4)
(361)
(6)
(51)
(384)
(49)
(308)
(1054)
(23)
(1645)
(5)
(463)
(4725)
(9)
(1340)
(7)
(6738)
(12)
(1581)
(7)
(522)
(11)
(7)
(5248)
(12)
(5)
(28)
(111)
(9)
(6)
(15)
(24)
(2316)
(46)
(63)
(13)
(35)
(4)
(68)
(7)
(13)
(4)
(6)
(5)
(23)
(82)
(8)
(4)
(642)
(153)
(5)
(433)
(105)
(242)
(16)
(745)
(2351)
(10)
(668)
(21)
(22)
(217)
(6)
(346)
(34)
(63)
(340)
(262)
(4)
(15)
(1912)
(1246)
(113)
(34)
(21)
(51)
(5)
(37)
(16)
(24)
(8)
(5)
(4)
(384)
(100)
(48)
(431)
(560)
(7)
(609)
(344)
(4)
(166)
(11)
(5)
(289)
(49)
(643)
(119)
(21)
(6)
(5)
(4)
(1199)
(38)
(553)
(210)
(5)
(53)
(135)
(75)
(5)
(65)
(16)
(112)
(5)
(16)
(6228)
(32)
(51)
(53)
(9)
(10)
(324)
(2291)
(12)
(14)
(10)
(3298)
(17)
(11)
(1418)
(6)
(5)
(8)
(12)
(7)
(162)
(887)
(1078)
(1161)
(23)
(6)
(39)
(7)
(535)
(474)
(869)
(30)
(19)
(194)
(38)
(13)
(42)
(96)
(5)
(59)
(60)
(74)
(5)
(142)
(6)
(231)
(894)
(5)
(55)
(19)
(433)
(317)
(462)
(5)
(1140)
(11)
(17)
(9)
(15)
(43)
(1530)
(6)
(26)
(1427)
(18)
(17)
(30)
(12)
(23)
(16)
(22)
(14)
(55)
(39)
(18)
(36)
(15)
(5)
(8)
(106)
(37)
(509)
(9)
(5)
(8)
(58)
(1124)
(72)
(5)
(1457)
(6)
(74)
(76)
(7)
(5)
(1339)
(413)
(5)
(122)
(5289)
(48)
(641)
(1083)
(329)
(5)
(180)
(5)
(229)
(330)
(352)
(10)
(72)
(8)
(47)
(5232)
(3755)
(7)
(5)
(5)
(12)
(9)
(59)
(127)
(9)
(21)
(117)
(352)
(230)
(227)
(4432)
(18)
(17)
(100)
(11)
(159)
(19)
(30)
(28)
(41)
(2690)
(29)
(371)
(2764)
(195)
(2490)
(787)
(1023)
(30)
(62)
(11)
(275)
(22)
(15)
(10)
(5)
(20)
(6)
(39)
(6)
(23)
(12)
(1066)
(163)
(42)
(7)
(12)
(7)
(16)
(28)
(689)
(19)
(62)
(8)
(6)
(8681)
(5)
(103)
(11)
(5)
(847)
(8)
(3582)
(6)
(8)
(62)
(3057)
(3220)
(338)
(64)
(21)
(17)
(14)
(9)
(9)
(37)
(39)
(15)
(11)
(6)
(188)
(5)
(3076)
(18)
(3166)
(826)
(118)
(198)
(76)
(328)
(70)
(50)
(38)
(70)
(166)
(39)
(107)
(39)
(24)
(2139)
(1495)
(7)
(17)
(5)
(164)
(26)
(10)
(163)
(89)
(51)
(9)
(7)
(7)
(1119)
(5)
(16)
(8)
(60)
(9027)
(53)
(91)
(17)
(5)
(77780)
(17)
(16)
(1014)
(5)
(28)
(5)
(5)
(7)
(5)
(5)
(41)
(9)
(8)
(271)
(36)
(6)
(299)
(5)
(5)
(125)
(7)
(119)
(123)
(603)
(93)
(7)
(80)
(8)
(9)
(4798)
(370)
(7)
(28)
(41)
(6025)
(6)
(5)
(18)
(204)
(36)
(96)
(153)
(13)
(87)
(51)
(29)
(92)
(6)
(5)
(10)
(6)
(441)
(22)
(72)
(12)
(17)
(7)
(12)
(691)
(12)
(175)
(502)
(195)
(10)
(40)
(55)
(21)
(52)
(6)
(8)
(13)
(31)
(28)
(47)
(1357)
(570)
(24)
(12)
(15)
(665)
(222)
(52)
(15)
(9)
(32)
(13)
(1262)
(37)
(1550)
(6)
(16)
(6)
(10)
(5)
(35)
(17)
(29)
(5)
(346)
(6)
(399)
(11)
(15)
(1307)
(1216)
(100)
(264)
(134)
(127)
(13)
(12)
(436)
(12)
(144)
(42)
(77)
(17)
(8)
(8)
(102)
(20)
(24)
(5)
(21)
(7)
(6)
(8)
(104)
(17)
(7)
(11)
(782)
(377)
(1999)
(7534)
(6916)
(8)
(8)
(5)
(5)
(8)
(7612)
(6077)
(7)
(5)
(185)
(6)
(77332)
(4643)
(6)
(30)
(14)
(12)
(55)
(5)
(5)
(10)
(79)
(1433)
(152)
(821)
(51)
(1135)
(6)
(5)
(514)
(219)
(5)
(81)
(1616)
(108)
(5)
(57)
(2247)
(381)
(19)
(793)
(18)
(5)
(728)
(608)
(244)
(366)
(8)
(952)
(13)
(13)
(26)
(1021)
(2058)
(34)
(5)
(9)
(178)
(88)
(15)
(11)
(5059)
(12)
(10)
(5)
(29)
(11)
(1579)
(120)
(7)
(161)
(170)
(139)
(50)
(58)
(153)
(51)
(32)
(102)
(3070)
(7)
(8)
(28)
(6)
(14)
(795)
(190)
(36)
(399)
(9)
(8)
(16)
(21)
(22)
(86)
(720)
(5)
(255)
(9)
(10)
(1733)
(32)
(5)
(752)
(7)
(61)
(41)
(93)
(26)
(125)
(30)
(20)
(18)
(132)
(9)
(16)
(663)
(867)
(1242)
(22)
(8)
(20)
(50)
(5)
(880)
(2942)
(110)
(668)
(52)
(432)
(515)
(7)
(13)
(65)
(5)
(300)
(61)
(23)
(30)
(302)
(121)
(691)
(100)
(3094)
(305)
(8)
(20)
(14)
(5)
(247)
(8914)
(10)
(11)
(40)
(10)
(8)
(121)
(96)
(6)
(81)
(14)
0 of 1000
(76)
(64)
(38)
(49)
(38)
(50)
(50)
(113)
(79)
(94)
(60)
(38)
(45)
(36)
(52)
(110)
(245)
(56)
(60)
(80)
(278)
(83)
(106)
(43)
(57)
(139)
(49)
(132)
(36)
(45)
(74)
(42)
(43)
(72)
(36)
(99)
(39)
(225)
(42)
(38)
(71)
(71)
(64)
(115)
(55)
(77)
(62)
(37)
(152)
(138)
(52)
(51)
(43)
(38)
(63)
(68)
(36)
(48)
(67)
(49)
(52)
(43)
(55)
(172)
(63)
(39)
(59)
(38)
(86)
(41)
(39)
(67)
(59)
(50)
(45)
(54)
(55)
(36)
(102)
(127)
(40)
(65)
(59)
(81)
(69)
(65)
(53)
(42)
(78)
(58)
(147)
(43)
(45)
(95)
(38)
(46)
(47)
(88)
(91)
(37)
(45)
(86)
(78)
(37)
(55)
(38)
(66)
(45)
(56)
(82)
(45)
(59)
(76)
(159)
(63)
(41)
(128)
(86)
(40)
(88)
(109)
(70)
(47)
(74)
(60)
(175)
(36)
(42)
(38)
(41)
(41)
(93)
(42)
(60)
(75)
(64)
(919)
(84)
(48)
(37)
(44)
(182)
(45)
(36)
(60)
(36)
(60)
(129)
(100)
(71)
(63)
(39)
(147)
(40)
(88)
(37)
(76)
(42)
(43)
(108)
(39)
(36)
(42)
(243)
(58)
(77)
(124)
(37)
(41)
(89)
(44)
(41)
(41)
(56)
(126)
(61)
(49)
(132)
(59)
(54)
(49)
(56)
(61)
(38)
(48)
(37)
(44)
(54)
(138)
(45)
(71)
(38)
(37)
(55)
(73)
(136)
(36)
(103)
(81)
(48)
(112)
(43)
(87)
(81)
(37)
(36)
(51)
(87)
(41)
(44)
(50)
(41)
(52)
(45)
(58)
(41)
(79)
(42)
(52)
(52)
(66)
(171)
(48)
(38)
(156)
(95)
(49)
(37)
(45)
(99)
(53)
(126)
(41)
(67)
(71)
(222)
(86)
(51)
(100)
(41)
(39)
(50)
(42)
(39)
(37)
(38)
(71)
(85)
(140)
(44)
(55)
(52)
(171)
(38)
(42)
(38)
(167)
(40)
(48)
(37)
(73)
(109)
(67)
(39)
(86)
(58)
(41)
(39)
(55)
(67)
(54)
(58)
(213)
(155)
(37)
(59)
(75)
(81)
(41)
(51)
(87)
(82)
(38)
(48)
(87)
(83)
(56)
(54)
(65)
(47)
(56)
(62)
(81)
(208)
(47)
(73)
(61)
(47)
(185)
(38)
(45)
(46)
(106)
(43)
(78)
(93)
(44)
(86)
(37)
(44)
(62)
(53)
(48)
(40)
(97)
(38)
(56)
(56)
(49)
(67)
(146)
(44)
(42)
(46)
(53)
(45)
(125)
(39)
(60)
(74)
(138)
(85)
(249)
(75)
(87)
(37)
(253)
(96)
(78)
(65)
(171)
(92)
(37)
(78)
(55)
(84)
(45)
(60)
(60)
(112)
(37)
(36)
(134)
(59)
(45)
(77)
(261)
(64)
(40)
(89)
(36)
(117)
(54)
(108)
(79)
(153)
(68)
(38)
(194)
(45)
(85)
(58)
(45)
(62)
(51)
(38)
(75)
(49)
(61)
(43)
(88)
(49)
(49)
(48)
(43)
(96)
(49)
(41)
(93)
(123)
(109)
(46)
(158)
(47)
(68)
(51)
(92)
(48)
(81)
(108)
(44)
(43)
(100)
(46)
(42)
(56)
(37)
(58)
(94)
(45)
(75)
(78)
(36)
(94)
(51)
(39)
(82)
(209)
(66)
(59)
(69)
(37)
(108)
(239)
(51)
(44)
(42)
(104)
(67)
(55)
(48)
(46)
(45)
(53)
(50)
(39)
(87)
(48)
(48)
(49)
(54)
(38)
(59)
(63)
(70)
(41)
(70)
(92)
(153)
(45)
(55)
(70)
(67)
(52)
(72)
(54)
(60)
(47)
(36)
(100)
(37)
(62)
(248)
(80)
(37)
(40)
(49)
(39)
(42)
(97)
(40)
(106)
(44)
(91)
(42)
(129)
(41)
(102)
(55)
(36)
(65)
(51)
(43)
(65)
(37)
(72)
(44)
(92)
(154)
(40)
(75)
(42)
(55)
(54)
(37)
(61)
(43)
(61)
(59)
(54)
(84)
(174)
(45)
(120)
(45)
(250)
(61)
(64)
(93)
(38)
(79)
(69)
(88)
(63)
(65)
(93)
(71)
(68)
(56)
(44)
(122)
(102)
(44)
(55)
(62)
(49)
(73)
(46)
(36)
(53)
(107)
(56)
(60)
(46)
(160)
(43)
(75)
(44)
(36)
(37)
(57)
(46)
(68)
(36)
(52)
(55)
(40)
(37)
(41)
(58)
(65)
(42)
(36)
(116)
(47)
(127)
(46)
(54)
(89)
(79)
(42)
(73)
(103)
(53)
(55)
(37)
(72)
(101)
(44)
(67)
(63)
(46)
(57)
(40)
(105)
(53)
(100)
(78)
(54)
(176)
(39)
(37)
(113)
(108)
(70)
(61)
(36)
(40)
(47)
(155)
(96)
(93)
(37)
(86)
(47)
(98)
(38)
(65)
(67)
(84)
(51)
(48)
(201)
(48)
(44)
(64)
(81)
(48)
(38)
(39)
(37)
(52)
(186)
(36)
(44)
(40)
(103)
(41)
(41)
(86)
(58)
(40)
(44)
(41)
(58)
(171)
(42)
(68)
(85)
(36)
(43)
(36)
(45)
(52)
(40)
(54)
(43)
(50)
(37)
(47)
(91)
(37)
(43)
(49)
(122)
(44)
(42)
(36)
(46)
(56)
(152)
(44)
(73)
(263)
(36)
(47)
(49)
(55)
(55)
(156)
(144)
(45)
(130)
(149)
(41)
(37)
(97)
(67)
(45)
(65)
(36)
(38)
(67)
(134)
(60)
(37)
(58)
(65)
(51)
(47)
(153)
(36)
(49)
(65)
(122)
(44)
(79)
(144)
(39)
(52)
(51)
(48)
(39)
(105)
(37)
(37)
(36)
(93)
(47)
(162)
(38)
(42)
(38)
(166)
(57)
(152)
(55)
(119)
(38)
(40)
(101)
(58)
(47)
(49)
(41)
(111)
(61)
(72)
(40)
(43)
(42)
(42)
(41)
(150)
(58)
(42)
(43)
(64)
(84)
(53)
(103)
(53)
(43)
(78)
(107)
(41)
(109)
(59)
(36)
(132)
(41)
(66)
(57)
(53)
(96)
(46)
(119)
(72)
(68)
(36)
(47)
(36)
(216)
(40)
(57)
(40)
(59)
(172)
(52)
(65)
(92)
(57)
(262)
(43)
(43)
(95)
(37)
(38)
(81)
(82)
(76)
(43)
(85)
(39)
(167)
(68)
(92)
(51)
(63)
(65)
(50)
(70)
(125)
(123)
(37)
(69)
(52)
(39)
(40)
(61)
(65)
(37)
(45)
(88)
(154)
(46)
(274)
(71)
(44)
(40)
(53)
(53)
(49)
(189)
(57)
(55)
(113)
(40)
(37)
(46)
(43)
(65)
(44)
(95)
(227)
(42)
(79)
(39)
(227)
(70)
(162)
(39)
(82)
(49)
(87)
(55)
(96)
(62)
(86)
(114)
(47)
(76)
(40)
(43)
(65)
(45)
(45)
(121)
(51)
(109)
(54)
(55)
(46)
(40)
(40)
(55)
(51)
(79)
(91)
(64)
(53)
(51)
(37)
(50)
(94)
(95)
(54)
(217)
(223)
(53)
(113)
(62)
(70)
(42)
(37)
(92)
(156)
(55)
(46)
(48)
(54)
(48)
(87)
(67)
(42)
(58)
(97)
(51)
(43)
(55)
(57)
(79)
(74)
(40)
(40)
(74)
(104)
(213)
(99)
(55)
(57)
(101)
(63)
(56)
(52)
(69)
(95)
(104)
(121)
(61)
(85)
(69)
(39)
(54)
(57)
(289)
(42)
(60)
(72)
(194)
(112)
(86)
(99)
(111)
(38)
(59)
(70)
(80)
(46)
(55)
(88)
(191)
(41)
(41)
(119)
(59)
(51)
(61)
(50)
(71)
(43)
(48)
(135)
(84)
(50)
(48)
(85)
(38)
(102)
(68)
(62)
(51)
(130)
(37)
(128)
(59)
(39)
(109)
(73)
(48)
(53)
(45)
(63)
(47)
(106)
(63)
(46)
(59)
(45)
(45)
(178)
(83)
(82)
(39)
(58)
(48)
(40)
(76)
(54)
(66)
(74)
(45)
(42)
(42)
(71)
(99)
(89)
(97)
(119)
(64)
(53)
(50)
(39)
(64)
(42)
(98)
(101)
(51)
(40)
(53)
(90)
(59)
(50)
(137)
(80)
(38)
(52)
(79)
(71)
(55)
0 of 1000
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(10)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(64)
(1)
(65)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(18)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(14)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(68)
(85)
(1)
(121)
(117)
(1)
(1)
(270)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(69)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(21)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(142)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(9)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(44)
(2)
(1)
(7)
(3)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(57)
(2)
(48)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(17)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(685)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(11)
(66)
(46)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(2)
(8)
(35)
(9)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(5)
(105)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(2)
(1)
(27)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(31)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(7)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(19)
(1)
(10)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(20)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(14)
(14)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(192)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(3)
(23)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(134)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(231)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(13)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(39)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(21)
(21)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(245)
(2)
(52)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(217)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(228)
(48)
(53)
(1)
(210)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(187)
(4)
(184)
(47)
(1)
(47)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(35)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(24)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(6)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(54)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(14)
(12)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(9495)
(1)
(1)
(61)
(3)
(1)
(8)
(8)
(4)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(44)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(257)
(2)
(1)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(19)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(17)
(1)
(24)
(22)
(1)
(51)
(2)
(1)
(15)
(1)
(1)
(24)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(8)
(76)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(322)
(2)
(751)
(1)
(22)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(2)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(1)
(37)
(12)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(26)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(10)
(110)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(21)
(382)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(8)
(97)
(1)
(5)
(125)
(13)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(56)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(33)
(1)
(59)
(18)
(77)
(29)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(1)
(24)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(16)
(24)
(1)
(186)
(211)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(30)
(30)
(32)
(1)
(64)
(1)
(62)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(6)
(10)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(10)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(11)
(52)
(52)
(52)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(150)
(41)
(38)
(8)
(4)
(8)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(25)
(1)
(1)
(25)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(13)
(15)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(4)
(4)
(2064)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(19)
(1)
(13)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(12)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(68)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(12)
(4)
(5)
(2)
(19)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(20)
(5)
(10)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(38)
(94)
(283)
(4)
(5)
(8)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(84)
(8)
(2)
(19)
(4)
(3)
(14)
(7)
(2)
(715)
(127)
(49)
(48)
(2)
(4)
(34)
(34)
(2)
(34)
(12)
(106)
(106)
(2)
(14)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(5)
(2)
(45)
(45)
0 of 1000
(1)
(204)
(19)
(114)
(129)
(601)
(78)
(165)
(64)
(1)
(184)
(1)
(168)
(2319)
(981)
(10)
(63)
(257)
(699)
(1)
(115)
(1)
(1480)
(618)
(2268)
(224)
(7743)
(336)
(1)
(2911)
(6)
(197)
(342)
(33)
(1277)
(238)
(113)
(2)
(21)
(73)
(5134)
(5)
(51)
(116)
(4)
(26)
(95)
(1138)
(5)
(28)
(13)
(1)
(741)
(5)
(695)
(3)
(28)
(1362)
(4)
(9)
(46)
(2041)
(7)
(5)
(613)
(10)
(1)
(100)
(18)
(13)
(139)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1108)
(6)
(1)
(5)
(3454)
(1238)
(37)
(375)
(663)
(243)
(13)
(371)
(7)
(273)
(535)
(363)
(2)
(1014)
(12)
(327)
(7)
(49)
(1235)
(138)
(33)
(75)
0 of 101
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(589)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(4)
(8)
(4)
(35)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(108)
(4)
(909)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(17)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(420)
(6)
(6)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(76)
(2)
(2)
(67)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(184)
(3)
(2)
(18)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(35)
(2)
(27)
(2)
(3)
(228)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(28)
(2)
(19)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(38)
(1)
(27)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(56)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(831)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(7)
(7)
(1)
(2)
(13)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(9)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(8)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(13)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(6)
(9)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(11)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(156)
(29)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(13)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(4)
(20)
(3)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(7)
(8)
(1)
(40)
(8)
(5)
(1)
(12)
(6)
(19)
(2)
(4)
(5)
(8)
(1)
(4)
(33)
(5)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(25)
(10)
(1)
(3)
(8)
(3)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(14)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(10)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(7)
(18)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(6)
(8)
(5)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(19)
(3)
(3)
(7)
(6)
(3)
(4)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(4)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(15)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(4)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(29)
(3)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(27)
(20)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(4)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(63)
(1)
(1)
(43)
(1)
(31)
(2)
(7)
(13)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(11)
(30)
(8)
(6)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(1)
(36)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(31)
(2)
(1)
(107)
(4)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(11)
(3)
(32)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(15)
(1)
(41)
(1)
(14)
(1)
(2)
(39)
(1)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(8)
(20)
(2)
(83)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(17)
(25)
(1)
(3)
(7)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(5)
(4)
(1)
(16)
(10)
(14)
(1)
(5)
(4)
(12)
(3)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(5)
(5)
(11)
(5)
(1)
(47)
(10)
(20)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(54)
(1)
(8)
(3)
(6)
(9)
(32)
(1)
(2)
(17)
(2)
(8)
(2)
(24)
(24)
(35)
(7)
(3)
(3)
(11)
(12)
(2)
(3)
(6)
(5)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(8)
(4)
(13)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(6)
(2)
(8)
(3)
(29)
(15)
(6)
(2)
(4)
(5)
(3)
(10)
(6)
(12)
(10)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(9)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(4)
(10)
(3)
(8)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(6)
(3)
(4)
(8)
(5)
(12)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(8)
(6)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(6)
(8)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(63)
(10)
(4)
(2)
(14)
(20)
(2)
(2)
(9)
(4)
(4)
(23)
(7)
(68)
(2)
(2)
(16)
(11)
(17)
(47)
(36)
(9)
(4)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(7)
(19)
(12)
(2)
(2)
(9)
(3)
(7)
(2)
(4)
(10)
(4)
(8)
(7)
(7)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(6)
(38)
(4)
(2)
(6)
(4)
(13)
(11)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(17)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(44)
(11)
(5)
(15)
(35)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(2)
(8)
(16)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(14)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(60)
(2)
(10)
(4)
(4)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(8)
(3)
(8)
(5)
(2)
(10)
(3)
(6)
(2)
(6)
(16)
(2)
(3)
(15)
(2)
(10)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(13)
(21)
(47)
(8)
(6)
(2)
(5)
(143)
(9)
(2)
(3)
(9)
(22)
(9)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(59)
(2)
(41)
(5)
(5)
(9)
(6)
(2)
(6)
(3)
(4)
(8)
(2)
(4)
(6)
(4)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(7)
(3)
(14)
(7)
(3)
(44)
(4)
(23)
(24)
(2)
(5)
(7)
(51)
(2)
(3)
(14)
(2)
(3)
(8)
(23)
(3)
(6)
(10)
(2)
(9)
(3)
(7)
(7)
(2)
(27)
(2)
(9)
(35)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(21)
(1)
(8)
(2)
(11)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(14)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(20)
(7)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(10)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(12)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(19)
(3)
(4)
(6)
(14)
(5)
(10)
(3)
(5)
(4)
(30)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(6)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(2)
(4)
(3)
(4)
(29)
(2)
(5)
(23)
(16)
(4)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(8)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(4)
(18)
(3)
0 of 1000
(2563)
(2)
(23)
(30)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2225)
(1)
(118)
(16)
(4)
(28)
(1)
(7)
(56)
(140)
(366)
(75)
(255)
(87)
(94)
(559)
(194)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(1)
(7)
(510)
(1195)
(10)
(2)
(2)
(8)
(4)
(2853)
(1927)
(7)
(1)
(13)
(7)
(8)
(173)
(201)
(4)
(2)
(4)
(165)
(547)
(1)
(3)
(43)
(841)
(23)
(2)
(752)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(69)
(43)
(137)
(14)
(574)
(526)
(26)
(137)
(80)
(38)
(47)
(62)
(15)
(44)
(26)
(7)
(1491)
(136)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(348)
(1)
(372)
(8)
(5)
(17)
(1)
(32)
(3)
(1)
(143)
(5)
(66)
(4)
(191)
(18)
0 of 97
(4)
(17)
(111)
(15)
(21)
(269)
(23)
(13)
(3)
(397)
(429)
(11)
(79)
(36)
(9)
(41)
(3)
(8)
(4)
(16)
(17)
(5)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(6)
(73)
(2)
(20)
(44)
(35)
(92)
(22)
(22)
(47)
(18)
(113)
(3)
(18)
(9)
(13)
(4)
(11)
(1)
(10)
(38)
(3)
(9)
(17)
(10)
(24)
(12)
(9)
(24)
(2)
(10)
0 of 56
(456)
(3)
(14)
(173)
(887)
(392)
(40)
(2812)
(618)
(2)
(239)
(44)
(100)
(121)
(55)
(281)
(7)
(103)
(207)
(19)
(110)
(1)
(96)
(100)
(824)
(160)
(215)
(218)
(229)
(3)
(258)
(41)
(15)
(30)
(4)
(75)
(511)
(44)
(27)
(74)
(113)
(35)
0 of 42
(47017)
(27894)
(3)
0 of 3
(1)
(635)
(5688)
(5)
(3)
(6)
(280)
(44)
(1)
(1)
(213)
(43)
(1851)
(28)
(2)
(1)
(1744)
(79)
(1)
(27)
(1)
(129)
(1)
(5)
(3)
(28)
(907)
(6425)
(1)
(406)
(1)
(15)
(4)
(10)
(1)
(396)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1191)
(8)
(716)
(1)
(8356)
(3339)
(294)
(1754)
(1)
(3)
(953)
(25)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(206)
(1)
(114)
(2)
(21)
(2)
(5)
(6)
(1)
(282)
(188)
(5)
(33060)
(4)
(302)
(28)
(1)
(8)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(8)
(5)
(6)
(1076)
(7)
(1)
(926)
(3)
(526)
(788)
(1)
(1)
(137)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(58)
(154)
(4)
(12)
(1)
(6)
(60)
(5)
(6148)
(44)
(3)
(9)
(5676)
(116)
(1)
(4)
(216)
(1)
(169)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(20)
(14)
(300)
(145)
(2)
(330)
(293)
(17)
(17)
(169)
(2)
(88)
0 of 125
(3076)
(912)
(3756)
(373)
(478)
(356)
(835)
(3821)
(539)
(661)
(228)
(308)
(1504)
(1285)
(1039)
(548)
(642)
(269)
(466)
(1290)
(627)
(322)
(1694)
(506)
(246)
(371)
(734)
(2375)
(145)
(1080)
(144)
(413)
(373)
(139)
(380)
(313)
(636)
(536)
(235)
(1420)
(232)
(210)
(647)
(173)
(1008)
(148)
(304)
(187)
(144)
(197)
(161)
(429)
(232)
(254)
(162)
(358)
(327)
(353)
(206)
(368)
(473)
(1190)
(410)
(1083)
(175)
(221)
(247)
(255)
(1390)
(147)
(1905)
(647)
(201)
(151)
(231)
(140)
(153)
(243)
(298)
(154)
(387)
(236)
(157)
(157)
(147)
(182)
(524)
(188)
(504)
(175)
(1366)
(216)
(183)
(154)
(309)
(147)
(167)
(151)
(211)
(1015)
(342)
(151)
(512)
(188)
(248)
(144)
(1206)
(159)
(147)
(1271)
(297)
(142)
(159)
(156)
(241)
(140)
(141)
(237)
(195)
(299)
(258)
(616)
(189)
(169)
(1404)
(516)
(218)
(178)
(143)
(170)
(464)
(349)
(1048)
(187)
(458)
(263)
(294)
(424)
(601)
(404)
(178)
(367)
(157)
(484)
(257)
(412)
(534)
(199)
(141)
(143)
(376)
(672)
(198)
(540)
(320)
(388)
(200)
(218)
(700)
(386)
(244)
(261)
(305)
(1295)
(271)
(184)
(253)
(176)
(142)
(163)
(141)
(172)
(189)
(358)
(519)
(1348)
(186)
(155)
(250)
(153)
(461)
(406)
(288)
(740)
(154)
(163)
(212)
(148)
(361)
(236)
(340)
(236)
(246)
(1469)
(558)
(1457)
(295)
(306)
(1657)
(251)
(723)
(141)
(865)
(397)
(1287)
(151)
(158)
(189)
(514)
(432)
(200)
(208)
(341)
(255)
(143)
(248)
(262)
(184)
(145)
(168)
(169)
(1308)
(615)
(185)
(369)
(152)
(160)
(264)
(321)
(245)
(168)
(169)
(444)
(175)
(268)
(778)
(186)
(230)
(151)
(151)
(632)
(297)
(252)
(633)
(410)
(261)
(605)
(231)
(1102)
(468)
(564)
(229)
(159)
(534)
(1125)
(1968)
(174)
(451)
(228)
(214)
(247)
(238)
(268)
(928)
(239)
(210)
(502)
(182)
(193)
(166)
(151)
(820)
(294)
(194)
(147)
(392)
(293)
(283)
(972)
(316)
(402)
(171)
(845)
(541)
(425)
(269)
(252)
(269)
(776)
(208)
(148)
(188)
(172)
(177)
(201)
(4813)
(225)
(890)
(915)
(645)
(540)
(199)
(383)
(312)
(303)
(333)
(2120)
(204)
(294)
(170)
(239)
(219)
(2593)
(3875)
(1035)
(824)
(1372)
(176)
(2034)
(163)
(201)
(212)
(150)
(241)
(256)
(558)
(683)
(1804)
(669)
(1301)
(537)
(329)
(209)
(677)
(497)
(233)
(903)
(376)
(223)
(226)
(205)
(671)
(195)
(266)
(199)
(255)
(148)
(144)
(180)
(176)
(359)
(245)
(196)
(158)
(204)
(410)
(397)
(169)
(543)
(311)
(202)
(738)
(333)
(159)
(383)
(233)
(426)
(165)
(354)
(265)
(402)
(306)
(253)
(190)
(193)
(317)
(232)
(1082)
(815)
(187)
(161)
(196)
(384)
(220)
(1802)
(532)
(569)
(618)
(466)
(1101)
(1314)
(349)
(390)
(263)
(179)
(870)
(512)
(223)
(387)
(672)
(141)
(290)
(992)
(222)
(222)
(567)
(201)
(295)
(294)
(215)
(159)
(175)
(513)
(301)
(207)
(176)
(315)
(154)
(201)
(143)
(178)
(279)
(244)
(506)
(163)
(200)
(198)
(164)
(246)
(4763)
(215)
(154)
(154)
(227)
(194)
(227)
(428)
(207)
(578)
(143)
(253)
(442)
(215)
(357)
(475)
(509)
(159)
(189)
(202)
(265)
(173)
(256)
(981)
(220)
(187)
(200)
(332)
(187)
(429)
(454)
(150)
(230)
(315)
(548)
(413)
(357)
(657)
(151)
(7105)
(4744)
(2133)
(303)
(569)
(427)
(169)
(186)
(250)
(282)
(309)
(598)
(169)
(230)
(2396)
(323)
(1063)
(170)
(815)
(433)
(323)
(156)
(318)
(228)
(262)
(149)
(235)
(158)
(213)
(140)
(167)
(162)
(279)
(254)
(297)
(145)
(156)
(757)
(518)
(436)
(795)
(1123)
(257)
(675)
(659)
(161)
(231)
(159)
(452)
(246)
(282)
(214)
(392)
(356)
(271)
(292)
(275)
(144)
(161)
(291)
(148)
(262)
(1141)
(257)
(391)
(180)
(147)
(244)
(318)
(163)
(478)
(550)
(206)
(539)
(170)
(270)
(258)
(148)
(215)
(206)
(261)
(2634)
(233)
(185)
(891)
(147)
(373)
(284)
(271)
(236)
(181)
(166)
(625)
(150)
(140)
(156)
(176)
(175)
(620)
(239)
(165)
(140)
(159)
(547)
(313)
(169)
(167)
(936)
(176)
(177)
(768)
(634)
(2617)
(225)
(996)
(159)
(2421)
(193)
(232)
(166)
(537)
(539)
(419)
(465)
(364)
(154)
(1132)
(1164)
(294)
(351)
(550)
(183)
(505)
(801)
(973)
(281)
(146)
(159)
(245)
(468)
(928)
(1535)
(758)
(274)
(457)
(317)
(347)
(1278)
(192)
(216)
(197)
(166)
(316)
(295)
(180)
(6161)
(796)
(163)
(1477)
(2241)
(1722)
(707)
(1782)
(154)
(692)
(198)
(238)
(693)
(513)
(353)
(187)
(357)
(207)
(800)
(560)
(155)
(361)
(731)
(697)
(3663)
(1986)
(1831)
(625)
(296)
(240)
(799)
(172)
(205)
(155)
(1311)
(194)
(403)
(464)
(326)
(255)
(139)
(336)
(203)
(552)
(309)
(172)
(339)
(151)
(657)
(198)
(148)
(440)
(619)
(823)
(1092)
(1727)
(378)
(449)
(489)
(581)
(349)
(154)
(147)
(212)
(181)
(173)
(177)
(166)
(382)
(329)
(790)
(244)
(147)
(2240)
(209)
(161)
(207)
(334)
(142)
(251)
(166)
(183)
(801)
(1900)
(252)
(946)
(787)
(404)
(258)
(203)
(146)
(141)
(160)
(200)
(404)
(161)
(180)
(454)
(264)
(178)
(292)
(643)
(360)
(217)
(288)
(500)
(206)
(145)
(297)
(596)
(192)
(158)
(295)
(169)
(198)
(236)
(335)
(213)
(151)
(151)
(268)
(891)
(164)
(794)
(491)
(214)
(258)
(208)
(157)
(324)
(893)
(1267)
(192)
(275)
(477)
(689)
(342)
(347)
(224)
(197)
(405)
(373)
(172)
(179)
(193)
(403)
(350)
(283)
(457)
(885)
(603)
(810)
(339)
(822)
(2800)
(195)
(143)
(149)
(465)
(284)
(152)
(893)
(239)
(1391)
(768)
(513)
(207)
(337)
(268)
(146)
(258)
(216)
(426)
(437)
(182)
(277)
(263)
(140)
(278)
(181)
(187)
(871)
(431)
(450)
(941)
(242)
(154)
(348)
(204)
(1091)
(504)
(758)
(3026)
(393)
(152)
(222)
(191)
(189)
(771)
(2281)
(3451)
(256)
(492)
(2358)
(259)
(171)
(155)
(243)
(372)
(236)
(179)
(1048)
(182)
(215)
(193)
(2899)
(310)
(2139)
(3361)
(1495)
(158)
(2430)
(1341)
(1102)
(218)
(1108)
(356)
(802)
(1381)
(452)
(351)
(325)
(1483)
(311)
(748)
(193)
(147)
(145)
(312)
(414)
(620)
(200)
(233)
(162)
(232)
(209)
(873)
(229)
(356)
(462)
(325)
(256)
(306)
(258)
(351)
(724)
(418)
(145)
(218)
(263)
(226)
(193)
(240)
(177)
(296)
(587)
(203)
(635)
(486)
(248)
(598)
(210)
(330)
(704)
(3550)
(1124)
(293)
(937)
(199)
(194)
(141)
(1849)
(156)
(1369)
(502)
(258)
(305)
(240)
(157)
(261)
(263)
(145)
(142)
(140)
(286)
(472)
(897)
(429)
(356)
(212)
(156)
(291)
(141)
(1283)
(634)
(636)
(3844)
(292)
(210)
(3683)
(927)
(332)
(460)
(594)
(246)
(429)
(160)
(455)
(1690)
(735)
(615)
(311)
(475)
(157)
(422)
(151)
(1287)
(240)
(200)
(922)
(209)
(381)
(250)
(324)
(164)
(167)
(202)
(191)
(267)
(236)
(226)
(162)
(179)
(225)
(184)
(315)
(337)
(162)
(3008)
(1918)
(1560)
(144)
(3069)
(255)
(1880)
(246)
(1782)
(3158)
(2065)
(2166)
(180)
(922)
(4198)
(953)
(374)
(201)
(472)
(173)
(508)
(1601)
(247)
(169)
(436)
(307)
(625)
(589)
(336)
0 of 1000
(1)
(1)
0 of 2
Showing 161 - 180 of 82777 results
  • Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Mortality by Industry and Occupation United States 20202022
    Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Mortality by Industry and Occupation – United States, 2020–2022
    Mazurek JM ;
    Syamlal G
    2025/03/06 | Weekly Report: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
    What is already known about this topic? Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a progressive lung disease characterized by scarring and worsening lung function, has a poor prognosis. An estimated 21% of IPF deaths might be attributable to occupational exposures. What is added by this report? This exploratory analysis of 2020-2022 multiple cause-of-de ...
    Public Domain
  • The Impact of InterLimb Leg Lean Tissue Mass Asymmetry on Stair Climb Performance in Career Firefighters
    The Impact of Inter-Limb Leg Lean Tissue Mass Asymmetry on Stair Climb Performance in Career Firefighters
    Buoncristiani NA ;
    Gerstner GR
    2025/03/04 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of inter-limb leg lean tissue mass (LTM) asymmetry on stair climb (SC) performance in firefighters. Forty-one career firefighters (age = 32.3 +/- 8.2 years, body mass = 92.1 +/- 18.6 kg, stature = 178.3 +/- 7.9 cm) visited the laboratory on one occasion and completed a whole body and leg compos ...
  • ForceInduced Tissue Compression Alters Circulating Hormone Levels and Biomarkers of Peripheral Vascular and Sensorineural Dysfunction in an Animal Model of HandArm Vibration Syndrome
    Force-Induced Tissue Compression Alters Circulating Hormone Levels and Biomarkers of Peripheral Vascular and Sensorineural Dysfunction in an Animal Model of Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome
    Chapman P ;
    Dong, Ren G.
    2025/03/04 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Workers regularly using vibrating hand tools may develop a disorder referred to as hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS). HAVS is characterized by cold-induced vasospasms in the hands and fingers that result in blanching of the skin, loss of sensory function, pain, and reductions in manual dexterity. Exposure to vibration induces some of these symptom ...
    Public Domain
  • Mesothelioma Risks and Cumulative Exposure to Elongate Mineral Particles of Various Sizes in Minnesota Taconite Mining Industry
    Mesothelioma Risks and Cumulative Exposure to Elongate Mineral Particles of Various Sizes in Minnesota Taconite Mining Industry
    Alexander BH ;
    MacLehose RF
    2025/03/04 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Objectives: An excess of mesothelioma has been previously observed in iron ore miners in Northeastern Minnesota. This study explored the potential association between mesothelioma and elongate mineral particle (EMP) exposures in the Minnesota taconite mining industry, examining both regulated and non-regulated EMP dimensions. Methods: A nested case ...
  • Navigating the Valley of Death A Brief Report on How Incubators Can Nurture Transition of Research to Practice to Benefit Worker Wellbeing
    Navigating the “Valley of Death”: A Brief Report on How Incubators Can Nurture Transition of Research to Practice to Benefit Worker Wellbeing
    Hirabayashi L ;
    Maben L
    2025/03/04 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Incubator and accelerator programs are important tools for innovators looking to take their ideas to scale. Unfortunately for agriculture, forestry, and fishing (AgFF) populations who are at high risk for occupational injuries and fatalities, few safety and health solutions have graduated from these programs. This brief report explores what it will ...
  • Nasosorption as a noninvasive approach to measure metals and metalloids in the airway by benchtop energydispersive Xray fluorescence
    Nasosorption as a non-invasive approach to measure metals and metalloids in the airway by benchtop energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence.
    Adesina KE ;
    Lanzer JM
    2025/03/04 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Quantifying metals in samples from the respiratory tract may provide valuable insights into environmental exposure level and the associated risks to respiratory health. This study evaluates the feasibility of a novel method for quantifying metals and metalloids in the upper airway by nasosorption, in which nasal epithelial lining fluid (NELF) is co ...
  • NoiseInduced Hearing Loss in Farmworkers A Scoping Review
    Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in Farmworkers: A Scoping Review
    Beseler CL ;
    Coco L
    2025/03/03 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Objective: Farmworkers who have prolonged exposure to loud noise are at risk for disabling hearing loss. The objectives of this scoping review are to (1) identify and summarize the evidence on noise-induced hearing loss in farmworkers, (2) describe instruments used to evaluate hearing loss outcomes, (3) describe testing approaches and limitations, ...
  • Characterizing Applications Exposure Risks and Hazard Communication for Engineered Nanomaterials in Construction
    Characterizing Applications, Exposure Risks, and Hazard Communication for Engineered Nanomaterials in Construction
    Brooks SB ;
    Burrelli LG
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) may pose health risks to workers. Objectives were to characterize ENM applications in construction, identify exposure scenarios, and evaluate the quality of safety data sheets (SDSs) for nano-enabled construction products. Methods: SDSs and product data were obtained from a public database of nano-enabled ...
  • Suicides Among Construction Workers in the United States 2021
    Suicides Among Construction Workers in the United States, 2021
    Harris W ;
    Rinehart, Richard D.
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: Construction workers have the second highest suicide death rate; despite this, there is limited literature examining suicides in the industry, which is necessary to identify those at higher risk of death by suicide. The objective of this study was to examine the characteristics of those who died by suicide in construction to address thi ...
  • A Method to Assess Bullying and Harassment as an Upstream Determinant of Construction Worker Mental Health
    A Method to Assess Bullying and Harassment as an Upstream Determinant of Construction Worker Mental Health
    Cain CT ;
    Rodman C
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: Bullying and harassment in the workplace are increasingly recognized as hazardous exposures associated with poor mental health and suicidality. The construction sector has one of the highest rates of suicide among all occupations and is actively engaged in efforts to destigmatize mental health support. However, there has been less focus ...
  • Nonpharmacological Pain Management Approaches Among US Construction Workers A CrossSectional Pilot Study
    Nonpharmacological Pain Management Approaches Among U.S. Construction Workers: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study
    Choi SD ;
    Earnest, Gary S.
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: U.S. construction workers experience high rates of injury that can lead to chronic pain. This pilot study examined nonpharmacological (without medication prescribed by healthcare provider) and pharmacological (e.g., prescription opioids) pain management approaches used by construction workers. Methods: A convenience sample of U.S. const ...
    Public Domain
  • PreTask Planning for Construction Worker Safety and Health Implementation and Assessment
    Pre-Task Planning for Construction Worker Safety and Health: Implementation and Assessment
    Brooks SB ;
    Le JC
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: Compared to other industry sectors, construction workers experience a disproportionately high rate of occupational injuries and fatalities. As research findings suggest, most of these incidents could be prevented if hazards were proactively recognized and properly addressed. In the construction industry, pre-task planning (PTP) is a pre ...
  • Assessing Occupational Styrene Exposure in the European and US Glass Reinforced Plastics Industry for the Period Between 1947 and 2020
    Assessing Occupational Styrene Exposure in the European and US Glass Reinforced Plastics Industry for the Period Between 1947 and 2020
    Basinas I ;
    Bertke S
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: We aimed to develop a method for assessing occupational styrene exposures for application in epidemiological studies on risks of lymphohematopoietic neoplasms and other malignant and non-malignant diseases in the European and the US glass reinforced plastics industries. Method: We estimated a linear mixed effects model based on individu ...
    Public Domain
  • Occupational Exposure to Inhalable Agents Is Associated with Reduced Work Ability A Prospective Cohort Study in Norway
    Occupational Exposure to Inhalable Agents Is Associated with Reduced Work Ability: A Prospective Cohort Study in Norway
    Fell AKM ;
    Henneberger, Paul K.
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: This study aimed to assess Work Ability Score (WAS) in 2018 based on self-reported data regarding inhalable occupational exposure and data from a Northern European Job-Exposure Matrix recorded in 2013. Methods: During the 5-year follow-up period of this population-based study, 4423 participants completed a postal questionnaire comprisin ...
    Public Domain
  • Alternative Formulations of Job Strain and Sleep Disturbances A Longitudinal Study in the United States
    Alternative Formulations of Job Strain and Sleep Disturbances: A Longitudinal Study in the United States
    Guardiano M ;
    Li J
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: Sleep disturbances are a major public health concern in the United States, leading to adverse health outcomes. In the working population, job strain has been identified as an important risk factor for sleep disturbances, but evidence from the United States remained limited. This study aimed to examine longitudinal associations between j ...
  • Phase Level Assessment of Ergonomic Intervention Effectiveness in Reducing Knee Musculoskeletal Disorder Risks During Residential Roof Shingle Installation
    Phase Level Assessment of Ergonomic Intervention Effectiveness in Reducing Knee Musculoskeletal Disorder Risks During Residential Roof Shingle Installation
    Breloff SP ;
    Carey RE
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: This study aimed to assess how knee savers (KSs) and knee pads (KPs) alleviate risks of knee musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among roofers during various phases of shingle installation. These phases encompass (1) reaching for shingles, (2) placing shingles, (3) grabbing a nail gun, (4) moving to the first nailing position, (5) nailing ...
    Public Domain
  • VehicleAugmented Evacuation Integer Programming Model for Improving Safety and Efficiency in Underground Mines
    Vehicle-Augmented Evacuation Integer Programming Model for Improving Safety and Efficiency in Underground Mines
    Asare FK ;
    Augustine PC
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Ensuring the safe evacuation of miners during fire emergencies in the shortest possible time is one of the most critical aspects of underground mining operations. Despite advances in mining evacuation methods, little research has been conducted on mine vehicles in this context. This study proposed a vehicle-augmented evacuation integer programming ...
  • Glial Activation Among Individuals with Neurological PostAcute Sequelae of Coronavirus Disease 2019 A Positron Emission Tomography Study of Brain Fog Using 18FFEPPA
    Glial Activation Among Individuals with Neurological Post-Acute Sequelae of Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Positron Emission Tomography Study of Brain Fog Using [18F]-FEPPA
    Babalola T ;
    Clouston SAP
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: This study examined the regional distribution of glial activation in essential workers with neurological post-acute sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections (N-PASC). Methods: We injected ≤185 MBq of [18F]-FEPPA as an intravenous bolus and positron-emission tomography over 2 h. To measure distribution volume (VT) ...
  • Silicosis A Chronic WorkRelated Lung Disease
    Silicosis: A Chronic Work-Related Lung Disease
    Cummings, Kristin J. ;
    Fazio JC
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Silicosis is a lung disease caused by breathing in small particles of silica (Figure 1). Silica is a common mineral found in many rocks, stones, and sand. Working with materials that contain silica can create silica dust which can enter the lungs and cause inflammation and scarring, making it difficult to breathe. Silicosis typically occurs after b ...
  • Identifying and Prioritizing Hazardous Chemicals in Construction Metal Structure Coating Systems A Roadmap for DataDriven Disease Prevention
    Identifying and Prioritizing Hazardous Chemicals in Construction Metal Structure Coating Systems: A Roadmap for Data-Driven Disease Prevention
    Bello A ;
    Bello D
    2025/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Introduction: Occupational exposure as a painter was classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a Group 1 carcinogen (carcinogenic to humans) in 1989. Chemical agents responsible for cancers and other illnesses among industrial painters are not well-documented. The goal of this systematic review and synthesis was to doc ...
161 - 180 / 82777