U.S. flag An official website of the United States government.
Official websites use .gov

A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS

A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

CDC Stacks Public Health Publications

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducts research and makes recommendations for preventing work-related injuries, illnesses, and deaths. For more information, visit https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/index.html.

(380)
(1084)
(1277)
(1648)
(1919)
(2667)
(2165)
(2175)
(2194)
(2022)
(2295)
(2185)
(2186)
(1946)
(1959)
(1868)
(1814)
(1896)
(1852)
(2021)
(1832)
(1776)
(1791)
(1593)
(1443)
(1340)
(1050)
(1129)
(1105)
(949)
(1158)
(1317)
(1239)
(1328)
(1187)
(1406)
(1037)
(1172)
(1173)
(1213)
(1054)
(1184)
(1312)
(1468)
(1469)
(1457)
(1274)
(1230)
(1333)
(1437)
(1233)
(1063)
(1078)
(826)
(603)
(526)
(112)
(50)
(32)
(39)
(31)
(34)
(23)
(13)
(6)
(7)
(6)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(5)
(40)
0 of 89
(1)
(637)
(13)
(9)
(1)
(133)
(1)
(89)
(3)
(563)
(1)
(28)
(1)
(177)
(79)
(5)
(67)
(57)
(11)
(1)
(7)
(1128)
(18)
(385)
(36)
(79262)
(1)
(4)
0 of 28
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(868)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(720)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(860)
(1)
(247)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(99)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(67)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(58)
(8)
(7)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6047)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(182)
(1)
(1)
(28)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3541)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(10)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(971)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(60)
(3)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(94)
(1)
(1)
(39)
(1)
(44)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2519)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(1932)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2553)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(46)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(158)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(387)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2303)
(1054)
(1)
(4)
(1772)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(228)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(35)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1535)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(740)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(296)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4624)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(4089)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2632)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2073)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(249)
(1)
(1)
(1111)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(378)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(633)
(1)
(559)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(4)
(234)
(1202)
(2)
(580)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(4805)
(17)
(1)
(5)
(4)
(107)
(7)
(86)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2780)
(1)
(130)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(14958)
(1)
(513)
(2)
(1)
(1445)
(3)
(2)
(5425)
(5768)
(24433)
(9686)
(22241)
(4245)
(3495)
(1)
(5416)
(7262)
(6873)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(8422)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(13)
(247)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(9)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(7)
(100)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(160)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(5)
(140)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(489)
(184)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(625)
(1)
(2559)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(16)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1107)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1366)
(1)
(2)
(209)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1830)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(4891)
(14)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(11086)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1377)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(83)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(299)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0 of 829
(29)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(738)
(282)
(3519)
(808)
(2063)
(1)
(3836)
(587)
(1)
(16441)
(11)
(1)
(2)
(22)
(1)
(132)
(3707)
(22)
(12)
(17)
(3)
(1)
(3)
(23)
(14)
(18)
(50)
(1)
(556)
(4)
0 of 36
(1)
(59)
(21)
(125)
(24)
(89)
(4)
(105)
(67)
(11)
(1)
(663)
(1)
(1)
(81)
(41)
(26)
(2548)
(1)
(21)
(1162)
(15)
(122)
(14)
(31)
(633)
(9)
(3)
(2834)
(11)
(2)
(2577)
(10)
(11)
(4)
(151)
(2179)
(114)
(4)
(105)
(13)
(169)
(175)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(37)
(2)
(5)
0 of 49
(69)
(6)
(5)
(1153)
(30)
(7)
(5019)
(4)
(5758)
(8707)
(11)
(26)
(121)
(19)
(5)
(26)
(43)
(37)
(26)
(74)
(207)
(4)
(151)
(67)
(6)
(27)
(5)
(4)
(105)
(5)
(5)
(696)
(26)
(193)
(32)
(6)
(2079)
(51)
(83)
(17)
(5)
(1893)
(1941)
(5)
(4)
(4)
(18)
(5)
(4446)
(10)
(59)
(319)
(6)
(711)
(8)
(5016)
(6)
(1254)
(2453)
(7)
(52)
(10)
(21)
(237)
(166)
(35)
(9)
(32)
(252)
(20)
(388)
(33)
(24)
(159)
(65)
(48)
(5)
(13)
(55)
(147)
(11)
(37)
(161)
(3166)
(62)
(4)
(12)
(78)
(4)
(4)
(219)
(152)
(38)
(87)
(238)
(4)
(4)
(256)
(15)
(104)
(967)
(4)
(1239)
(1247)
(39)
(106)
(4)
(236)
(15)
(1940)
(52)
(26)
(6)
(7)
(4)
(4)
(213)
(184)
(1807)
(7)
(201)
(13)
(25)
(6)
(223)
(4)
(85)
(534)
(359)
(362)
(6)
(148)
(101)
(19)
(1232)
(1281)
(230)
(8)
(20)
(4)
(1660)
(187)
(133)
(89)
(68)
(344)
(10)
(4)
(23)
(23)
(61)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(60)
(208)
(64)
(189)
(34)
(185)
(33)
(67)
(4)
(32)
(6)
(118)
(6)
(222)
(5)
(1945)
(4)
(1532)
(4)
(1874)
(8)
(546)
(66)
(28)
(74)
(52)
(414)
(5)
(28)
(92)
(5)
(36)
(8)
(18)
(66)
(2666)
(492)
(42)
(24)
(27)
(108)
(231)
(7)
(6)
(9)
(56)
(26)
(337)
(20)
(267)
(150)
(243)
(4)
(4)
(315)
(5)
(108)
(63)
(3137)
(7)
(12)
(7)
(2813)
(46)
(9)
(4)
(37)
(794)
(79)
(5)
(6)
(53)
(201)
(14)
(153)
(1654)
(144)
(155)
(234)
(521)
(376)
(4186)
(510)
(4)
(9)
(5)
(44)
(179)
(75)
(34)
(10)
(4)
(89)
(10)
(42)
(67)
(32)
(119)
(5)
(20)
(14)
(4)
(4)
(31)
(5)
(456)
(26)
(42)
(6)
(62)
(7)
(193)
(510)
(170)
(165)
(7)
(9)
(7)
(10)
(309)
(18)
(6)
(559)
(1929)
(19)
(156)
(5)
(647)
(44)
(33)
(29)
(70)
(669)
(4)
(297)
(344)
(295)
(82)
(4)
(4)
(295)
(37)
(8)
(10)
(34)
(5)
(45)
(241)
(5)
(186)
(5)
(34)
(34)
(52)
(13)
(8)
(7)
(166)
(6641)
(26)
(4)
(622)
(8)
(18)
(4)
(25)
(309)
(2307)
(4)
(37)
(359)
(682)
(4)
(4)
(1027)
(8)
(26)
(54)
(167)
(6)
(4)
(85)
(44)
(15)
(789)
(5)
(2211)
(5)
(4)
(361)
(6)
(51)
(384)
(49)
(308)
(1054)
(23)
(1645)
(5)
(463)
(4725)
(9)
(1340)
(7)
(6738)
(12)
(1581)
(7)
(522)
(11)
(7)
(5248)
(12)
(5)
(28)
(111)
(9)
(6)
(15)
(24)
(2316)
(46)
(63)
(13)
(35)
(4)
(68)
(7)
(13)
(4)
(6)
(5)
(23)
(82)
(8)
(4)
(642)
(153)
(5)
(433)
(105)
(242)
(16)
(745)
(2351)
(10)
(668)
(21)
(22)
(217)
(6)
(346)
(34)
(63)
(340)
(262)
(4)
(15)
(1912)
(1246)
(113)
(34)
(21)
(51)
(5)
(37)
(16)
(24)
(8)
(5)
(4)
(384)
(100)
(48)
(431)
(560)
(7)
(609)
(344)
(4)
(166)
(11)
(5)
(289)
(49)
(643)
(119)
(21)
(6)
(5)
(4)
(1199)
(38)
(553)
(210)
(5)
(53)
(135)
(75)
(5)
(65)
(16)
(112)
(5)
(16)
(6228)
(32)
(51)
(53)
(9)
(10)
(324)
(2291)
(12)
(14)
(10)
(3298)
(17)
(11)
(1418)
(6)
(5)
(8)
(12)
(7)
(162)
(887)
(1078)
(1161)
(23)
(6)
(39)
(7)
(535)
(474)
(869)
(30)
(19)
(194)
(38)
(13)
(42)
(96)
(5)
(59)
(60)
(74)
(5)
(142)
(6)
(231)
(894)
(5)
(55)
(19)
(433)
(317)
(462)
(5)
(1140)
(11)
(17)
(9)
(15)
(43)
(1530)
(6)
(26)
(1427)
(18)
(17)
(30)
(12)
(23)
(16)
(22)
(14)
(55)
(39)
(18)
(36)
(15)
(5)
(8)
(106)
(37)
(509)
(9)
(5)
(8)
(58)
(1124)
(72)
(5)
(1457)
(6)
(74)
(76)
(7)
(5)
(1339)
(413)
(5)
(122)
(5289)
(48)
(641)
(1083)
(329)
(5)
(180)
(5)
(229)
(330)
(352)
(10)
(72)
(8)
(47)
(5232)
(3755)
(7)
(5)
(5)
(12)
(9)
(59)
(127)
(9)
(21)
(117)
(352)
(230)
(227)
(4432)
(18)
(17)
(100)
(11)
(159)
(19)
(30)
(28)
(41)
(2690)
(29)
(371)
(2764)
(195)
(2490)
(787)
(1023)
(30)
(62)
(11)
(275)
(22)
(15)
(10)
(5)
(20)
(6)
(39)
(6)
(23)
(12)
(1066)
(163)
(42)
(7)
(12)
(7)
(16)
(28)
(689)
(19)
(62)
(8)
(6)
(8681)
(5)
(103)
(11)
(5)
(847)
(8)
(3582)
(6)
(8)
(62)
(3057)
(3220)
(338)
(64)
(21)
(17)
(14)
(9)
(9)
(37)
(39)
(15)
(11)
(6)
(188)
(5)
(3076)
(18)
(3166)
(826)
(118)
(198)
(76)
(328)
(70)
(50)
(38)
(70)
(166)
(39)
(107)
(39)
(24)
(2139)
(1495)
(7)
(17)
(5)
(164)
(26)
(10)
(163)
(89)
(51)
(9)
(7)
(7)
(1119)
(5)
(16)
(8)
(60)
(9027)
(53)
(91)
(17)
(5)
(77780)
(17)
(16)
(1014)
(5)
(28)
(5)
(5)
(7)
(5)
(5)
(41)
(9)
(8)
(271)
(36)
(6)
(299)
(5)
(5)
(125)
(7)
(119)
(123)
(603)
(93)
(7)
(80)
(8)
(9)
(4798)
(370)
(7)
(28)
(41)
(6025)
(6)
(5)
(18)
(204)
(36)
(96)
(153)
(13)
(87)
(51)
(29)
(92)
(6)
(5)
(10)
(6)
(441)
(22)
(72)
(12)
(17)
(7)
(12)
(691)
(12)
(175)
(502)
(195)
(10)
(40)
(55)
(21)
(52)
(6)
(8)
(13)
(31)
(28)
(47)
(1357)
(570)
(24)
(12)
(15)
(665)
(222)
(52)
(15)
(9)
(32)
(13)
(1262)
(37)
(1550)
(6)
(16)
(6)
(10)
(5)
(35)
(17)
(29)
(5)
(346)
(6)
(399)
(11)
(15)
(1307)
(1216)
(100)
(264)
(134)
(127)
(13)
(12)
(436)
(12)
(144)
(42)
(77)
(17)
(8)
(8)
(102)
(20)
(24)
(5)
(21)
(7)
(6)
(8)
(104)
(17)
(7)
(11)
(782)
(377)
(1999)
(7534)
(6916)
(8)
(8)
(5)
(5)
(8)
(7612)
(6077)
(7)
(5)
(185)
(6)
(77332)
(4643)
(6)
(30)
(14)
(12)
(55)
(5)
(5)
(10)
(79)
(1433)
(152)
(821)
(51)
(1135)
(6)
(5)
(514)
(219)
(5)
(81)
(1616)
(108)
(5)
(57)
(2247)
(381)
(19)
(793)
(18)
(5)
(728)
(608)
(244)
(366)
(8)
(952)
(13)
(13)
(26)
(1021)
(2058)
(34)
(5)
(9)
(178)
(88)
(15)
(11)
(5059)
(12)
(10)
(5)
(29)
(11)
(1579)
(120)
(7)
(161)
(170)
(139)
(50)
(58)
(153)
(51)
(32)
(102)
(3070)
(7)
(8)
(28)
(6)
(14)
(795)
(190)
(36)
(399)
(9)
(8)
(16)
(21)
(22)
(86)
(720)
(5)
(255)
(9)
(10)
(1733)
(32)
(5)
(752)
(7)
(61)
(41)
(93)
(26)
(125)
(30)
(20)
(18)
(132)
(9)
(16)
(663)
(867)
(1242)
(22)
(8)
(20)
(50)
(5)
(880)
(2942)
(110)
(668)
(52)
(432)
(515)
(7)
(13)
(65)
(5)
(300)
(61)
(23)
(30)
(302)
(121)
(691)
(100)
(3094)
(305)
(8)
(20)
(14)
(5)
(247)
(8914)
(10)
(11)
(40)
(10)
(8)
(121)
(96)
(6)
(81)
(14)
0 of 1000
(76)
(64)
(38)
(49)
(38)
(50)
(50)
(113)
(79)
(94)
(60)
(38)
(45)
(36)
(52)
(110)
(245)
(56)
(60)
(80)
(278)
(83)
(106)
(43)
(57)
(139)
(49)
(132)
(36)
(45)
(74)
(42)
(43)
(72)
(36)
(99)
(39)
(225)
(42)
(38)
(71)
(71)
(64)
(115)
(55)
(77)
(62)
(37)
(152)
(138)
(52)
(51)
(43)
(38)
(63)
(68)
(36)
(48)
(67)
(49)
(52)
(43)
(55)
(172)
(63)
(39)
(59)
(38)
(86)
(41)
(39)
(67)
(59)
(50)
(45)
(54)
(55)
(36)
(102)
(127)
(40)
(65)
(59)
(81)
(69)
(65)
(53)
(42)
(78)
(58)
(147)
(43)
(45)
(95)
(38)
(46)
(47)
(88)
(91)
(37)
(45)
(86)
(78)
(37)
(55)
(38)
(66)
(45)
(56)
(82)
(45)
(59)
(76)
(159)
(63)
(41)
(128)
(86)
(40)
(88)
(109)
(70)
(47)
(74)
(60)
(175)
(36)
(42)
(38)
(41)
(41)
(93)
(42)
(60)
(75)
(64)
(919)
(84)
(48)
(37)
(44)
(182)
(45)
(36)
(60)
(36)
(60)
(129)
(100)
(71)
(63)
(39)
(147)
(40)
(88)
(37)
(76)
(42)
(43)
(108)
(39)
(36)
(42)
(243)
(58)
(77)
(124)
(37)
(41)
(89)
(44)
(41)
(41)
(56)
(126)
(61)
(49)
(132)
(59)
(54)
(49)
(56)
(61)
(38)
(48)
(37)
(44)
(54)
(138)
(45)
(71)
(38)
(37)
(55)
(73)
(136)
(36)
(103)
(81)
(48)
(112)
(43)
(87)
(81)
(37)
(36)
(51)
(87)
(41)
(44)
(50)
(41)
(52)
(45)
(58)
(41)
(79)
(42)
(52)
(52)
(66)
(171)
(48)
(38)
(156)
(95)
(49)
(37)
(45)
(99)
(53)
(126)
(41)
(67)
(71)
(222)
(86)
(51)
(100)
(41)
(39)
(50)
(42)
(39)
(37)
(38)
(71)
(85)
(140)
(44)
(55)
(52)
(171)
(38)
(42)
(38)
(167)
(40)
(48)
(37)
(73)
(109)
(67)
(39)
(86)
(58)
(41)
(39)
(55)
(67)
(54)
(58)
(213)
(155)
(37)
(59)
(75)
(81)
(41)
(51)
(87)
(82)
(38)
(48)
(87)
(83)
(56)
(54)
(65)
(47)
(56)
(62)
(81)
(208)
(47)
(73)
(61)
(47)
(185)
(38)
(45)
(46)
(106)
(43)
(78)
(93)
(44)
(86)
(37)
(44)
(62)
(53)
(48)
(40)
(97)
(38)
(56)
(56)
(49)
(67)
(146)
(44)
(42)
(46)
(53)
(45)
(125)
(39)
(60)
(74)
(138)
(85)
(249)
(75)
(87)
(37)
(253)
(96)
(78)
(65)
(171)
(92)
(37)
(78)
(55)
(84)
(45)
(60)
(60)
(112)
(37)
(36)
(134)
(59)
(45)
(77)
(261)
(64)
(40)
(89)
(36)
(117)
(54)
(108)
(79)
(153)
(68)
(38)
(194)
(45)
(85)
(58)
(45)
(62)
(51)
(38)
(75)
(49)
(61)
(43)
(88)
(49)
(49)
(48)
(43)
(96)
(49)
(41)
(93)
(123)
(109)
(46)
(158)
(47)
(68)
(51)
(92)
(48)
(81)
(108)
(44)
(43)
(100)
(46)
(42)
(56)
(37)
(58)
(94)
(45)
(75)
(78)
(36)
(94)
(51)
(39)
(82)
(209)
(66)
(59)
(69)
(37)
(108)
(239)
(51)
(44)
(42)
(104)
(67)
(55)
(48)
(46)
(45)
(53)
(50)
(39)
(87)
(48)
(48)
(49)
(54)
(38)
(59)
(63)
(70)
(41)
(70)
(92)
(153)
(45)
(55)
(70)
(67)
(52)
(72)
(54)
(60)
(47)
(36)
(100)
(37)
(62)
(248)
(80)
(37)
(40)
(49)
(39)
(42)
(97)
(40)
(106)
(44)
(91)
(42)
(129)
(41)
(102)
(55)
(36)
(65)
(51)
(43)
(65)
(37)
(72)
(44)
(92)
(154)
(40)
(75)
(42)
(55)
(54)
(37)
(61)
(43)
(61)
(59)
(54)
(84)
(174)
(45)
(120)
(45)
(250)
(61)
(64)
(93)
(38)
(79)
(69)
(88)
(63)
(65)
(93)
(71)
(68)
(56)
(44)
(122)
(102)
(44)
(55)
(62)
(49)
(73)
(46)
(36)
(53)
(107)
(56)
(60)
(46)
(160)
(43)
(75)
(44)
(36)
(37)
(57)
(46)
(68)
(36)
(52)
(55)
(40)
(37)
(41)
(58)
(65)
(42)
(36)
(116)
(47)
(127)
(46)
(54)
(89)
(79)
(42)
(73)
(103)
(53)
(55)
(37)
(72)
(101)
(44)
(67)
(63)
(46)
(57)
(40)
(105)
(53)
(100)
(78)
(54)
(176)
(39)
(37)
(113)
(108)
(70)
(61)
(36)
(40)
(47)
(155)
(96)
(93)
(37)
(86)
(47)
(98)
(38)
(65)
(67)
(84)
(51)
(48)
(201)
(48)
(44)
(64)
(81)
(48)
(38)
(39)
(37)
(52)
(186)
(36)
(44)
(40)
(103)
(41)
(41)
(86)
(58)
(40)
(44)
(41)
(58)
(171)
(42)
(68)
(85)
(36)
(43)
(36)
(45)
(52)
(40)
(54)
(43)
(50)
(37)
(47)
(91)
(37)
(43)
(49)
(122)
(44)
(42)
(36)
(46)
(56)
(152)
(44)
(73)
(263)
(36)
(47)
(49)
(55)
(55)
(156)
(144)
(45)
(130)
(149)
(41)
(37)
(97)
(67)
(45)
(65)
(36)
(38)
(67)
(134)
(60)
(37)
(58)
(65)
(51)
(47)
(153)
(36)
(49)
(65)
(122)
(44)
(79)
(144)
(39)
(52)
(51)
(48)
(39)
(105)
(37)
(37)
(36)
(93)
(47)
(162)
(38)
(42)
(38)
(166)
(57)
(152)
(55)
(119)
(38)
(40)
(101)
(58)
(47)
(49)
(41)
(111)
(61)
(72)
(40)
(43)
(42)
(42)
(41)
(150)
(58)
(42)
(43)
(64)
(84)
(53)
(103)
(53)
(43)
(78)
(107)
(41)
(109)
(59)
(36)
(132)
(41)
(66)
(57)
(53)
(96)
(46)
(119)
(72)
(68)
(36)
(47)
(36)
(216)
(40)
(57)
(40)
(59)
(172)
(52)
(65)
(92)
(57)
(262)
(43)
(43)
(95)
(37)
(38)
(81)
(82)
(76)
(43)
(85)
(39)
(167)
(68)
(92)
(51)
(63)
(65)
(50)
(70)
(125)
(123)
(37)
(69)
(52)
(39)
(40)
(61)
(65)
(37)
(45)
(88)
(154)
(46)
(274)
(71)
(44)
(40)
(53)
(53)
(49)
(189)
(57)
(55)
(113)
(40)
(37)
(46)
(43)
(65)
(44)
(95)
(227)
(42)
(79)
(39)
(227)
(70)
(162)
(39)
(82)
(49)
(87)
(55)
(96)
(62)
(86)
(114)
(47)
(76)
(40)
(43)
(65)
(45)
(45)
(121)
(51)
(109)
(54)
(55)
(46)
(40)
(40)
(55)
(51)
(79)
(91)
(64)
(53)
(51)
(37)
(50)
(94)
(95)
(54)
(217)
(223)
(53)
(113)
(62)
(70)
(42)
(37)
(92)
(156)
(55)
(46)
(48)
(54)
(48)
(87)
(67)
(42)
(58)
(97)
(51)
(43)
(55)
(57)
(79)
(74)
(40)
(40)
(74)
(104)
(213)
(99)
(55)
(57)
(101)
(63)
(56)
(52)
(69)
(95)
(104)
(121)
(61)
(85)
(69)
(39)
(54)
(57)
(289)
(42)
(60)
(72)
(194)
(112)
(86)
(99)
(111)
(38)
(59)
(70)
(80)
(46)
(55)
(88)
(191)
(41)
(41)
(119)
(59)
(51)
(61)
(50)
(71)
(43)
(48)
(135)
(84)
(50)
(48)
(85)
(38)
(102)
(68)
(62)
(51)
(130)
(37)
(128)
(59)
(39)
(109)
(73)
(48)
(53)
(45)
(63)
(47)
(106)
(63)
(46)
(59)
(45)
(45)
(178)
(83)
(82)
(39)
(58)
(48)
(40)
(76)
(54)
(66)
(74)
(45)
(42)
(42)
(71)
(99)
(89)
(97)
(119)
(64)
(53)
(50)
(39)
(64)
(42)
(98)
(101)
(51)
(40)
(53)
(90)
(59)
(50)
(137)
(80)
(38)
(52)
(79)
(71)
(55)
0 of 1000
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(10)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(64)
(1)
(65)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(18)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(14)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(68)
(85)
(1)
(121)
(117)
(1)
(1)
(270)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(69)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(21)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(142)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(9)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(44)
(2)
(1)
(7)
(3)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(57)
(2)
(48)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(17)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(685)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(11)
(66)
(46)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(2)
(8)
(35)
(9)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(5)
(105)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(2)
(1)
(27)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(31)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(7)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(19)
(1)
(10)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(20)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(14)
(14)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(192)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(3)
(23)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(134)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(231)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(13)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(39)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(21)
(21)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(245)
(2)
(52)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(217)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(228)
(48)
(53)
(1)
(210)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(187)
(4)
(184)
(47)
(1)
(47)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(35)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(24)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(6)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(54)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(14)
(12)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(9495)
(1)
(1)
(61)
(3)
(1)
(8)
(8)
(4)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(44)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(257)
(2)
(1)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(19)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(17)
(1)
(24)
(22)
(1)
(51)
(2)
(1)
(15)
(1)
(1)
(24)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(8)
(76)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(322)
(2)
(751)
(1)
(22)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(2)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(1)
(37)
(12)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(26)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(10)
(110)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(21)
(382)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(8)
(97)
(1)
(5)
(125)
(13)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(56)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(33)
(1)
(59)
(18)
(77)
(29)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(1)
(24)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(16)
(24)
(1)
(186)
(211)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(30)
(30)
(32)
(1)
(64)
(1)
(62)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(6)
(10)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(10)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(11)
(52)
(52)
(52)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(150)
(41)
(38)
(8)
(4)
(8)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(25)
(1)
(1)
(25)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(13)
(15)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(4)
(4)
(2064)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(19)
(1)
(13)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(12)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(68)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(12)
(4)
(5)
(2)
(19)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(20)
(5)
(10)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(38)
(94)
(283)
(4)
(5)
(8)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(84)
(8)
(2)
(19)
(4)
(3)
(14)
(7)
(2)
(715)
(127)
(49)
(48)
(2)
(4)
(34)
(34)
(2)
(34)
(12)
(106)
(106)
(2)
(14)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(5)
(2)
(45)
(45)
0 of 1000
(1)
(204)
(19)
(114)
(129)
(601)
(78)
(165)
(64)
(1)
(184)
(1)
(168)
(2319)
(981)
(10)
(63)
(257)
(699)
(1)
(115)
(1)
(1480)
(618)
(2268)
(224)
(7743)
(336)
(1)
(2911)
(6)
(197)
(342)
(33)
(1277)
(238)
(113)
(2)
(21)
(73)
(5134)
(5)
(51)
(116)
(4)
(26)
(95)
(1138)
(5)
(28)
(13)
(1)
(741)
(5)
(695)
(3)
(28)
(1362)
(4)
(9)
(46)
(2041)
(7)
(5)
(613)
(10)
(1)
(100)
(18)
(13)
(139)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1108)
(6)
(1)
(5)
(3454)
(1238)
(37)
(375)
(663)
(243)
(13)
(371)
(7)
(273)
(535)
(363)
(2)
(1014)
(12)
(327)
(7)
(49)
(1235)
(138)
(33)
(75)
0 of 101
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(589)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(4)
(8)
(4)
(35)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(108)
(4)
(909)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(17)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(420)
(6)
(6)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(76)
(2)
(2)
(67)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(184)
(3)
(2)
(18)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(35)
(2)
(27)
(2)
(3)
(228)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(28)
(2)
(19)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(38)
(1)
(27)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(56)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(831)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(7)
(7)
(1)
(2)
(13)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(9)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(8)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(13)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(6)
(9)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(11)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(156)
(29)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(13)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(4)
(20)
(3)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(7)
(8)
(1)
(40)
(8)
(5)
(1)
(12)
(6)
(19)
(2)
(4)
(5)
(8)
(1)
(4)
(33)
(5)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(25)
(10)
(1)
(3)
(8)
(3)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(14)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(10)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(7)
(18)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(6)
(8)
(5)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(19)
(3)
(3)
(7)
(6)
(3)
(4)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(4)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(15)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(4)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(29)
(3)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(27)
(20)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(4)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(63)
(1)
(1)
(43)
(1)
(31)
(2)
(7)
(13)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(11)
(30)
(8)
(6)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(1)
(36)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(31)
(2)
(1)
(107)
(4)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(11)
(3)
(32)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(15)
(1)
(41)
(1)
(14)
(1)
(2)
(39)
(1)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(8)
(20)
(2)
(83)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(17)
(25)
(1)
(3)
(7)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(5)
(4)
(1)
(16)
(10)
(14)
(1)
(5)
(4)
(12)
(3)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(5)
(5)
(11)
(5)
(1)
(47)
(10)
(20)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(54)
(1)
(8)
(3)
(6)
(9)
(32)
(1)
(2)
(17)
(2)
(8)
(2)
(24)
(24)
(35)
(7)
(3)
(3)
(11)
(12)
(2)
(3)
(6)
(5)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(8)
(4)
(13)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(6)
(2)
(8)
(3)
(29)
(15)
(6)
(2)
(4)
(5)
(3)
(10)
(6)
(12)
(10)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(9)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(4)
(10)
(3)
(8)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(6)
(3)
(4)
(8)
(5)
(12)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(8)
(6)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(6)
(8)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(63)
(10)
(4)
(2)
(14)
(20)
(2)
(2)
(9)
(4)
(4)
(23)
(7)
(68)
(2)
(2)
(16)
(11)
(17)
(47)
(36)
(9)
(4)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(7)
(19)
(12)
(2)
(2)
(9)
(3)
(7)
(2)
(4)
(10)
(4)
(8)
(7)
(7)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(6)
(38)
(4)
(2)
(6)
(4)
(13)
(11)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(17)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(44)
(11)
(5)
(15)
(35)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(2)
(8)
(16)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(14)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(60)
(2)
(10)
(4)
(4)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(8)
(3)
(8)
(5)
(2)
(10)
(3)
(6)
(2)
(6)
(16)
(2)
(3)
(15)
(2)
(10)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(13)
(21)
(47)
(8)
(6)
(2)
(5)
(143)
(9)
(2)
(3)
(9)
(22)
(9)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(59)
(2)
(41)
(5)
(5)
(9)
(6)
(2)
(6)
(3)
(4)
(8)
(2)
(4)
(6)
(4)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(7)
(3)
(14)
(7)
(3)
(44)
(4)
(23)
(24)
(2)
(5)
(7)
(51)
(2)
(3)
(14)
(2)
(3)
(8)
(23)
(3)
(6)
(10)
(2)
(9)
(3)
(7)
(7)
(2)
(27)
(2)
(9)
(35)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(21)
(1)
(8)
(2)
(11)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(14)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(20)
(7)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(10)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(12)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(19)
(3)
(4)
(6)
(14)
(5)
(10)
(3)
(5)
(4)
(30)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(6)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(2)
(4)
(3)
(4)
(29)
(2)
(5)
(23)
(16)
(4)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(8)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(4)
(18)
(3)
0 of 1000
(2563)
(2)
(23)
(30)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2225)
(1)
(118)
(16)
(4)
(28)
(1)
(7)
(56)
(140)
(366)
(75)
(255)
(87)
(94)
(559)
(194)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(1)
(7)
(510)
(1195)
(10)
(2)
(2)
(8)
(4)
(2853)
(1927)
(7)
(1)
(13)
(7)
(8)
(173)
(201)
(4)
(2)
(4)
(165)
(547)
(1)
(3)
(43)
(841)
(23)
(2)
(752)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(69)
(43)
(137)
(14)
(574)
(526)
(26)
(137)
(80)
(38)
(47)
(62)
(15)
(44)
(26)
(7)
(1491)
(136)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(348)
(1)
(372)
(8)
(5)
(17)
(1)
(32)
(3)
(1)
(143)
(5)
(66)
(4)
(191)
(18)
0 of 97
(4)
(17)
(111)
(15)
(21)
(269)
(23)
(13)
(3)
(397)
(429)
(11)
(79)
(36)
(9)
(41)
(3)
(8)
(4)
(16)
(17)
(5)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(6)
(73)
(2)
(20)
(44)
(35)
(92)
(22)
(22)
(47)
(18)
(113)
(3)
(18)
(9)
(13)
(4)
(11)
(1)
(10)
(38)
(3)
(9)
(17)
(10)
(24)
(12)
(9)
(24)
(2)
(10)
0 of 56
(456)
(3)
(14)
(173)
(887)
(392)
(40)
(2812)
(618)
(2)
(239)
(44)
(100)
(121)
(55)
(281)
(7)
(103)
(207)
(19)
(110)
(1)
(96)
(100)
(824)
(160)
(215)
(218)
(229)
(3)
(258)
(41)
(15)
(30)
(4)
(75)
(511)
(44)
(27)
(74)
(113)
(35)
0 of 42
(47017)
(27894)
(3)
0 of 3
(1)
(635)
(5688)
(5)
(3)
(6)
(280)
(44)
(1)
(1)
(213)
(43)
(1851)
(28)
(2)
(1)
(1744)
(79)
(1)
(27)
(1)
(129)
(1)
(5)
(3)
(28)
(907)
(6425)
(1)
(406)
(1)
(15)
(4)
(10)
(1)
(396)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1191)
(8)
(716)
(1)
(8356)
(3339)
(294)
(1754)
(1)
(3)
(953)
(25)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(206)
(1)
(114)
(2)
(21)
(2)
(5)
(6)
(1)
(282)
(188)
(5)
(33060)
(4)
(302)
(28)
(1)
(8)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(8)
(5)
(6)
(1076)
(7)
(1)
(926)
(3)
(526)
(788)
(1)
(1)
(137)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(58)
(154)
(4)
(12)
(1)
(6)
(60)
(5)
(6148)
(44)
(3)
(9)
(5676)
(116)
(1)
(4)
(216)
(1)
(169)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(20)
(14)
(300)
(145)
(2)
(330)
(293)
(17)
(17)
(169)
(2)
(88)
0 of 125
(3076)
(912)
(3756)
(373)
(478)
(356)
(835)
(3821)
(539)
(661)
(228)
(308)
(1504)
(1285)
(1039)
(548)
(642)
(269)
(466)
(1290)
(627)
(322)
(1694)
(506)
(246)
(371)
(734)
(2375)
(145)
(1080)
(144)
(413)
(373)
(139)
(380)
(313)
(636)
(536)
(235)
(1420)
(232)
(210)
(647)
(173)
(1008)
(148)
(304)
(187)
(144)
(197)
(161)
(429)
(232)
(254)
(162)
(358)
(327)
(353)
(206)
(368)
(473)
(1190)
(410)
(1083)
(175)
(221)
(247)
(255)
(1390)
(147)
(1905)
(647)
(201)
(151)
(231)
(140)
(153)
(243)
(298)
(154)
(387)
(236)
(157)
(157)
(147)
(182)
(524)
(188)
(504)
(175)
(1366)
(216)
(183)
(154)
(309)
(147)
(167)
(151)
(211)
(1015)
(342)
(151)
(512)
(188)
(248)
(144)
(1206)
(159)
(147)
(1271)
(297)
(142)
(159)
(156)
(241)
(140)
(141)
(237)
(195)
(299)
(258)
(616)
(189)
(169)
(1404)
(516)
(218)
(178)
(143)
(170)
(464)
(349)
(1048)
(187)
(458)
(263)
(294)
(424)
(601)
(404)
(178)
(367)
(157)
(484)
(257)
(412)
(534)
(199)
(141)
(143)
(376)
(672)
(198)
(540)
(320)
(388)
(200)
(218)
(700)
(386)
(244)
(261)
(305)
(1295)
(271)
(184)
(253)
(176)
(142)
(163)
(141)
(172)
(189)
(358)
(519)
(1348)
(186)
(155)
(250)
(153)
(461)
(406)
(288)
(740)
(154)
(163)
(212)
(148)
(361)
(236)
(340)
(236)
(246)
(1469)
(558)
(1457)
(295)
(306)
(1657)
(251)
(723)
(141)
(865)
(397)
(1287)
(151)
(158)
(189)
(514)
(432)
(200)
(208)
(341)
(255)
(143)
(248)
(262)
(184)
(145)
(168)
(169)
(1308)
(615)
(185)
(369)
(152)
(160)
(264)
(321)
(245)
(168)
(169)
(444)
(175)
(268)
(778)
(186)
(230)
(151)
(151)
(632)
(297)
(252)
(633)
(410)
(261)
(605)
(231)
(1102)
(468)
(564)
(229)
(159)
(534)
(1125)
(1968)
(174)
(451)
(228)
(214)
(247)
(238)
(268)
(928)
(239)
(210)
(502)
(182)
(193)
(166)
(151)
(820)
(294)
(194)
(147)
(392)
(293)
(283)
(972)
(316)
(402)
(171)
(845)
(541)
(425)
(269)
(252)
(269)
(776)
(208)
(148)
(188)
(172)
(177)
(201)
(4813)
(225)
(890)
(915)
(645)
(540)
(199)
(383)
(312)
(303)
(333)
(2120)
(204)
(294)
(170)
(239)
(219)
(2593)
(3875)
(1035)
(824)
(1372)
(176)
(2034)
(163)
(201)
(212)
(150)
(241)
(256)
(558)
(683)
(1804)
(669)
(1301)
(537)
(329)
(209)
(677)
(497)
(233)
(903)
(376)
(223)
(226)
(205)
(671)
(195)
(266)
(199)
(255)
(148)
(144)
(180)
(176)
(359)
(245)
(196)
(158)
(204)
(410)
(397)
(169)
(543)
(311)
(202)
(738)
(333)
(159)
(383)
(233)
(426)
(165)
(354)
(265)
(402)
(306)
(253)
(190)
(193)
(317)
(232)
(1082)
(815)
(187)
(161)
(196)
(384)
(220)
(1802)
(532)
(569)
(618)
(466)
(1101)
(1314)
(349)
(390)
(263)
(179)
(870)
(512)
(223)
(387)
(672)
(141)
(290)
(992)
(222)
(222)
(567)
(201)
(295)
(294)
(215)
(159)
(175)
(513)
(301)
(207)
(176)
(315)
(154)
(201)
(143)
(178)
(279)
(244)
(506)
(163)
(200)
(198)
(164)
(246)
(4763)
(215)
(154)
(154)
(227)
(194)
(227)
(428)
(207)
(578)
(143)
(253)
(442)
(215)
(357)
(475)
(509)
(159)
(189)
(202)
(265)
(173)
(256)
(981)
(220)
(187)
(200)
(332)
(187)
(429)
(454)
(150)
(230)
(315)
(548)
(413)
(357)
(657)
(151)
(7105)
(4744)
(2133)
(303)
(569)
(427)
(169)
(186)
(250)
(282)
(309)
(598)
(169)
(230)
(2396)
(323)
(1063)
(170)
(815)
(433)
(323)
(156)
(318)
(228)
(262)
(149)
(235)
(158)
(213)
(140)
(167)
(162)
(279)
(254)
(297)
(145)
(156)
(757)
(518)
(436)
(795)
(1123)
(257)
(675)
(659)
(161)
(231)
(159)
(452)
(246)
(282)
(214)
(392)
(356)
(271)
(292)
(275)
(144)
(161)
(291)
(148)
(262)
(1141)
(257)
(391)
(180)
(147)
(244)
(318)
(163)
(478)
(550)
(206)
(539)
(170)
(270)
(258)
(148)
(215)
(206)
(261)
(2634)
(233)
(185)
(891)
(147)
(373)
(284)
(271)
(236)
(181)
(166)
(625)
(150)
(140)
(156)
(176)
(175)
(620)
(239)
(165)
(140)
(159)
(547)
(313)
(169)
(167)
(936)
(176)
(177)
(768)
(634)
(2617)
(225)
(996)
(159)
(2421)
(193)
(232)
(166)
(537)
(539)
(419)
(465)
(364)
(154)
(1132)
(1164)
(294)
(351)
(550)
(183)
(505)
(801)
(973)
(281)
(146)
(159)
(245)
(468)
(928)
(1535)
(758)
(274)
(457)
(317)
(347)
(1278)
(192)
(216)
(197)
(166)
(316)
(295)
(180)
(6161)
(796)
(163)
(1477)
(2241)
(1722)
(707)
(1782)
(154)
(692)
(198)
(238)
(693)
(513)
(353)
(187)
(357)
(207)
(800)
(560)
(155)
(361)
(731)
(697)
(3663)
(1986)
(1831)
(625)
(296)
(240)
(799)
(172)
(205)
(155)
(1311)
(194)
(403)
(464)
(326)
(255)
(139)
(336)
(203)
(552)
(309)
(172)
(339)
(151)
(657)
(198)
(148)
(440)
(619)
(823)
(1092)
(1727)
(378)
(449)
(489)
(581)
(349)
(154)
(147)
(212)
(181)
(173)
(177)
(166)
(382)
(329)
(790)
(244)
(147)
(2240)
(209)
(161)
(207)
(334)
(142)
(251)
(166)
(183)
(801)
(1900)
(252)
(946)
(787)
(404)
(258)
(203)
(146)
(141)
(160)
(200)
(404)
(161)
(180)
(454)
(264)
(178)
(292)
(643)
(360)
(217)
(288)
(500)
(206)
(145)
(297)
(596)
(192)
(158)
(295)
(169)
(198)
(236)
(335)
(213)
(151)
(151)
(268)
(891)
(164)
(794)
(491)
(214)
(258)
(208)
(157)
(324)
(893)
(1267)
(192)
(275)
(477)
(689)
(342)
(347)
(224)
(197)
(405)
(373)
(172)
(179)
(193)
(403)
(350)
(283)
(457)
(885)
(603)
(810)
(339)
(822)
(2800)
(195)
(143)
(149)
(465)
(284)
(152)
(893)
(239)
(1391)
(768)
(513)
(207)
(337)
(268)
(146)
(258)
(216)
(426)
(437)
(182)
(277)
(263)
(140)
(278)
(181)
(187)
(871)
(431)
(450)
(941)
(242)
(154)
(348)
(204)
(1091)
(504)
(758)
(3026)
(393)
(152)
(222)
(191)
(189)
(771)
(2281)
(3451)
(256)
(492)
(2358)
(259)
(171)
(155)
(243)
(372)
(236)
(179)
(1048)
(182)
(215)
(193)
(2899)
(310)
(2139)
(3361)
(1495)
(158)
(2430)
(1341)
(1102)
(218)
(1108)
(356)
(802)
(1381)
(452)
(351)
(325)
(1483)
(311)
(748)
(193)
(147)
(145)
(312)
(414)
(620)
(200)
(233)
(162)
(232)
(209)
(873)
(229)
(356)
(462)
(325)
(256)
(306)
(258)
(351)
(724)
(418)
(145)
(218)
(263)
(226)
(193)
(240)
(177)
(296)
(587)
(203)
(635)
(486)
(248)
(598)
(210)
(330)
(704)
(3550)
(1124)
(293)
(937)
(199)
(194)
(141)
(1849)
(156)
(1369)
(502)
(258)
(305)
(240)
(157)
(261)
(263)
(145)
(142)
(140)
(286)
(472)
(897)
(429)
(356)
(212)
(156)
(291)
(141)
(1283)
(634)
(636)
(3844)
(292)
(210)
(3683)
(927)
(332)
(460)
(594)
(246)
(429)
(160)
(455)
(1690)
(735)
(615)
(311)
(475)
(157)
(422)
(151)
(1287)
(240)
(200)
(922)
(209)
(381)
(250)
(324)
(164)
(167)
(202)
(191)
(267)
(236)
(226)
(162)
(179)
(225)
(184)
(315)
(337)
(162)
(3008)
(1918)
(1560)
(144)
(3069)
(255)
(1880)
(246)
(1782)
(3158)
(2065)
(2166)
(180)
(922)
(4198)
(953)
(374)
(201)
(472)
(173)
(508)
(1601)
(247)
(169)
(436)
(307)
(625)
(589)
(336)
0 of 1000
(1)
(1)
0 of 2
Showing 141 - 160 of 82777 results
  • Quantification of 3-Chloro-7-Hydroxy-4-Methylcoumarin (CHMC) in Urine as a Biomarker of Coumaphos Exposure by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Fluorescence Detection (HPLC-FLD) (Dataset)
    National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
    2025/03/31 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Introductory Information: The organophosphate pesticide coumaphos is used to control Cattle Tick Fever carried by multiple species of ticks and is a known hazard for workers treating livestock. The USDA Cattle Fever Tick Eradication Program (CFTEP) requires regular blood draws to measure depressed cholinesterase levels as biomarkers of effect of lo ...
    Dataset Public Domain
  • Women in MiningAcute Injuries Among Women in the United States Mining Workforce 1979 2023
    Women in Mining-Acute Injuries Among Women in the United States Mining Workforce 1979 -2023
    Blackley DJ ;
    Eiter BM
    2025/03/31 | Mining Publications
    Mining has long been recognized as a hazardous occupation, and historically, it has been dominated by men. However, there is limited understanding of the specific injuries experienced by women mine workers. Previous studies have either excluded women from the analysis or aggregated the data without considering sex. Mine Accident, Injury, and Illnes ...
    Public Domain
  • Lifestyle Intervention to Reduce Body Weight and Systemic Inflammation Among World Trade Center Responders with PTSD Pilot Randomized Control Trial
    Lifestyle Intervention to Reduce Body Weight and Systemic Inflammation Among World Trade Center Responders with PTSD: Pilot Randomized Control Trial
    Arcan C
    2025/03/28 | Grant Final Reports
    Background: Responders who worked on the rescue and recovery efforts of the World Trade Center (WTC) disaster on September 11, 2001 (9/11) suffer from multiple morbidities. While post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is the most common mental health condition, obesity and metabolic disorders are also prevalent posing a challenge to medical interven ...
  • Synthetic Opioid and Stimulant CoInvolved Overdose Deaths by Occupation and Industry United States 2022
    Synthetic Opioid and Stimulant Co-Involved Overdose Deaths by Occupation and Industry – United States, 2022
    Groenewold, Matthew ;
    Lundstrom EW
    2025/03/27 | Weekly Report: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
    What is already known about this topic? Overdose deaths involving both synthetic opioids and stimulants have increased sharply in recent years. Although some persons who co-use opioids and stimulants have cited motivations related to functionality and alertness in the workplace, occupational patterns of co-use remain uninvestigated. What is added b ...
    Public Domain
  • A CFD Analysis of Equipment Fires in an Underground Development Heading for Improved Auxiliary Ventilation Design
    A CFD Analysis of Equipment Fires in an Underground Development Heading for Improved Auxiliary Ventilation Design
    Brune, Jürgen F. ;
    Salami OB
    2025/03/26 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    This study investigates the intricacies of equipment fires in a blind development heading of an underground mine using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). A series of fire dynamic simulations (FDS) were conducted for various ventilation velocities in the main airway, and with different distance between the auxiliary ventilation duct outlet to the b ...
  • Enhancing Safety in Mining Using NearMiss Reports
    Enhancing Safety in Mining Using Near-Miss Reports
    Demich B ;
    Haas, Emily J.
    2025/03/25 | Mining Publications
    This chapter delves into the concept of near misses in high-hazard environments with a focus on the mining industry. Near misses, defined in this chapter as unplanned events with the potential for harm, serve as crucial leading indicators in health and safety management systems. The role of mine management in implementing effective near-miss progra ...
    Public Domain
  • Scoping Total Worker Health An Expanded View of Worker WellBeing
    Scoping Total Worker Health: An Expanded View of Worker Well-Being
    Abbott BT ;
    Banks C
    2025/03/24 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Objective: The study conducts a scoping review of Total Worker Health (TWH) literature to identify disciplines and issues addressed in this field. Methods: We identified 384 citations published from January 2010 - June 2023. Results: Citations were organized by discipline. 9 disciplines and 26 subdisciplines contribute to the knowledge base of TWH. ...
  • Failed Reciprocity in Core Social Roles and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Prospective Results from the US Health and Retirement Study
    Failed Reciprocity in Core Social Roles and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality: Prospective Results from the U.S. Health and Retirement Study
    Li J ;
    Matthews TA
    2025/03/21 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: Several epidemiologic cohort studies documented increased risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD) resulting from exposure to psychosocial stress at work, as measured by theoretical models, such as the demand control model and effort-reward imbalance (ERI) model. Few studies extended these concepts beyond paid work. With this study, we exp ...
  • Heat Risks in Agriculture Microclimate Variability and Worker Safety in Sweet Corn and Tobacco
    Heat Risks in Agriculture: Microclimate Variability and Worker Safety in Sweet Corn and Tobacco
    Balanay JAG ;
    Edwards R
    2025/03/21 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Agricultural work is one of the highest-risk U.S. occupations for heat-related illness (HRIs). Some tall-growing crops can block the cooling effects of wind or contribute to environmental humidity creating warm and humid microclimates (environments directly surrounding workers). The purpose of this study was to assess the differences in environment ...
  • Effectiveness of a Universitys Active Shooter Preparedness Program An Evaluation
    Effectiveness of a University’s Active Shooter Preparedness Program: An Evaluation
    Bidwell A ;
    Hammond S
    2025/03/20 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: Comparing 2018 to 2022, active shooter incidents (ASIs) increased by over 66% from 30 to 50 shootings, respectively. There are limited data on the effectiveness of currently available active shooter preparedness programs. This quality improvement (QI) project evaluated the effectiveness of the 2022 active shooter training (AST) for staf ...
  • Workplace Culture of Health and Equitable Workforce WellBeing A Scoping Literature Review
    Workplace Culture of Health and Equitable Workforce Well-Being: A Scoping Literature Review
    Gupta R ;
    Pratap PL
    2025/03/20 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Objective: To evaluate the evidence base regarding employer-sponsored health and wellbeing (HWB) programs in relation to addressing workforce health inequities. Data Source: Multiple databases were systematically searched to identify research studies published between 2013 and 2022 regarding employer-sponsored HWB programs. Study Inclusion and Excl ...
  • Exploring WellBeing Disparities A Comparative Analysis of Urban and Rural Clinicians Using the NIOSH Worker WellBeing Questionnaire
    Exploring Well-Being Disparities: A Comparative Analysis of Urban and Rural Clinicians Using the NIOSH Worker Well-Being Questionnaire
    Adapa K ;
    Baernholdt M
    2025/03/18 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: Clinician well-being is crucial to the healthcare system, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, which intensified psychological distress among clinicians. This study examines well-being disparities between rural and urban clinicians using the NIOSH Worker Well-Being Questionnaire (WellBQ). Methods: A cross-sectional survey was cond ...
  • Construccin Narracin de Muertes Instalador de Estructuras Cae 8 Pies de una Viga de Borde
    Construcción Narración de Muertes: Instalador de Estructuras Cae 8 Pies de una Viga de Borde
    Washington (State). Department of Labor and Industries
    2025/03/17 | Fatality Assessment and Control Evaluation Reports (FACE)
    Un instalador de estructuras con experiencia, de 44 años de edad, cayó ocho pies desde una viga de borde mientras trabajaba en una pared. Trabajó durante cinco años para su empleador, un contratista residencial. El instalador de estructuras estaba con un compañero de trabajo, retirando vigas de piso instaladas previamente en el segundo nivel para c ...
  • Construction Fatality Narrative Framer Falls 8 Feet from Rim Joist
    Construction Fatality Narrative: Framer Falls 8 Feet from Rim Joist
    Washington (State). Department of Labor and Industries
    2025/03/17 | Fatality Assessment and Control Evaluation Reports (FACE)
    A 44-year-old experienced framer fell eight feet from a rim joist while working on a wall. He worked for his employer, a residential contractor, for five years. The framer was with a co-worker removing previously installed second-level floor joists to relocate an inside kitchen wall that was framed in the wrong place. After finishing his task, he w ...
  • Challenges in Defining Thresholds for Health Effects Some Considerations for Asbestos and Silica
    Challenges in Defining Thresholds for Health Effects: Some Considerations for Asbestos and Silica
    Bechich MJ ;
    Burstyn I
    2025/03/16 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    This paper summarizes several presentations in the Thresholds in Epidemiology and Risk Assessment session at the Monticello III conference. These presentations described evidence regarding thresholds for particles, including asbestos and silica, and cancer (e.g., mesothelioma) and noncancer (e.g., silicosis) endpoints. In the case of exposure to va ...
  • Assessing the Impact of Lymphedema Therapy Referral on Breast Cancer Survivors Lymphedema Knowledge A CrossSectional Survey
    Assessing the Impact of Lymphedema Therapy Referral on Breast Cancer Survivors’ Lymphedema Knowledge: A Cross-Sectional Survey
    Blinder V ;
    Eberle C
    2025/03/15 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: Lymphedema is a common problem that adversely impacts quality of life in breast cancer survivors. Although lymphedema risk is modifiable through behavior change, there is no standardized approach to educate survivors about risk-lowering strategies. Furthermore, misconceptions about lymphedema risk factors and risk-lowering strategies ar ...
    Public Domain
  • Open Dataset of Kinetics Kinematics and Electromyography of AboveKnee Amputees During StandUp and SitDown
    Open Dataset of Kinetics, Kinematics, and Electromyography of Above-Knee Amputees During Stand-Up and Sit-Down
    Foreman KB ;
    Gabert L
    2025/03/12 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    After above-knee amputation, the biological knee and ankle are replaced with prostheses. The mobility level of individuals with amputation is related, in part, to the functionality of their prostheses. To understand healthcare needs of amputees, as well as design new, more helpful prostheses, we need to understand the biomechanical effects of using ...
  • Assessment of Pulmonary Toxicity of Inhaled Polycarbonate 3D Printer Emissions in Rats
    Assessment of Pulmonary Toxicity of Inhaled Polycarbonate 3D Printer Emissions in Rats
    Anderson, Stacey E. ;
    Battelli L
    2025/03/12 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    This study investigated the potential pulmonary toxicity of polycarbonate (PC) emissions from fused filament fabrication (FFF) three-dimensional printing (3DP) via inhalation in Sprague Dawley rats. Previously, our results demonstrated no significant pulmonary effects following exposure to a 0.5 mg/m3 PC. A new exposure apparatus was developed that ...
    Public Domain
  • Investigating the Association of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD with Chronic Kidney Disease CKD in World Trade Center WTC Responders
    Investigating the Association of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in World Trade Center (WTC) Responders
    Koraishy FM
    2025/03/12 | Grant Final Reports
    Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent and costly condition with high mortality rates. Identifying new risk factors for eGFR decline and CKD onset is crucial. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a common diagnosis among World Trade Center (WTC) responders, may contribute to kidney function decline. This study aimed to establish P ...
  • Media Advocacy for Farm Safety and Health Current Landscape and Future Directions
    Media Advocacy for Farm Safety and Health: Current Landscape and Future Directions
    Garcia K ;
    Johnson A
    2025/03/11 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: Within public health, media advocacy embraces the influence of new media and journalists in setting public agendas and promoting important public health programming and policies. Though occupational health and safety (OSH) is an important component of public health, few studies have examined the use of media advocacy within this specifi ...
141 - 160 / 82777