Effectiveness of Gas and Chimney Biomass Stoves for Reducing Household Air Pollution Pregnancy Exposure in Guatemala: Sociodemographic Effect Modifiers

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Int J Environ Res Public Health
• Personal Author:
  Grajeda, Laura M. ; Thompson, Lisa M. ; Arriaga, William ; Canuz, Eduardo ; Omer, Saad B. ; Sage, Michael ; Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo ; Bryan, Joe P. ; McCracken, John P.
• Description:
  Household air pollution (HAP) due to solid fuel use during pregnancy is associated with adverse birth outcomes. The real-life effectiveness of clean cooking interventions has been disappointing overall yet variable, but the sociodemographic determinants are not well described. We measured personal 24-h PM| (particulate matter <2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter) thrice in pregnant women (| = 218) gravimetrically with Teflon filter, impactor, and personal pump setups. To estimate the effectiveness of owning chimney and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) stoves (i.e., proportion of PM| exposure that would be prevented) and to predict subject-specific typical exposures, we used linear mixed-effects models with log (PM|) as dependent variable and random intercept for subject. Median (IQR) personal PM| in µg/m| was 148 (90-249) for open fire, 78 (51-125) for chimney stove, and 55 (34-79) for LPG stoves. Adjusted effectiveness of LPG stoves was greater in women with ≥6 years of education (49% (95% CI: 34, 60)) versus <6 years (26% (95% CI: 5, 42)). In contrast, chimney stove adjusted effectiveness was greater in women with <6 years of education (50% (95% CI: 38, 60)), rural residence (46% (95% CI: 34, 55)) and lowest SES (socio-economic status) quartile (59% (95% CI: 45, 70)) than ≥6 years education (16% (95% CI: 22, 43)), urban (23% (95% CI: -164, 42)) and highest SES quartile (-44% (95% CI: -183, 27)), respectively. A minority of LPG stove owners (12%) and no chimney owner had typical exposure below World Health Organization Air Quality guidelines (35 μg/m|). Although having a cleaner stove alone typically does not lower exposure enough to protect health, understanding sociodemographic determinants of effectiveness may lead to better targeting, implementation, and adoption of interventions.
• Subjects:
  Article Biomass Chimney Stove Household Air Pollution Liquefied Petroleum Gas Particulate Matter Personal Exposure PM2.5 Pregnancy
• Source:
  Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020; 17(21)
• Pubmed ID:
  33105825
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC7660060
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  Cooperative Agreement Numbers U01 GH0000028 and U01 GH001003/CC/CDC HHS/United States
• Volume:
  17
• Issue:
  21
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:6f7ee5c9bb9a1054e757e4cc0ef724f69773eab04c698a10185f5387d83f1cbc
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/97249/cdc_97249_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 805.93 KB ]