Modeling Poliovirus Transmission in Borno and Yobe, Northeast Nigeria
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Modeling Poliovirus Transmission in Borno and Yobe, Northeast Nigeria

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  • English
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    • Personal Author:
      Kalkowska, Dominika A.; Franka ,Richard; Higgins, Jeff; Kovacs, Stephanie D. et al.
    • Description:
      Beginning in 2013, multiple local government areas (LGAs) in Borno and Yobe in northeast Nigeria and other parts of the Lake Chad basin experienced a violent insurgency that resulted in substantial numbers of isolated and displaced people. Northeast Nigeria represents the last known reservoir country of wild poliovirus (WPV) transmission in Africa, with detection of paralytic cases caused by serotype 1 WPV in 2016 in Borno and serotype 3 WPV in late 2012. Parts of Borno and Yobe are also problematic areas for transmission of serotype 2 circulating vaccine‐derived polioviruses, and they continue to face challenges associated with conflict and inadequate health services in security‐compromised areas that limit both immunization and surveillance activities. We model poliovirus transmission of all three serotypes for Borno and Yobe using a deterministic differential equation‐based model that includes four subpopulations to account for limitations in access to immunization services and dynamic restrictions in population mixing. We find that accessibility issues and insufficient immunization allow for prolonged poliovirus transmission and potential undetected paralytic cases, although as of the end of 2019, including responsive program activities in the modeling suggest die out of indigenous serotypes 1 and 3 WPVs prior to 2020.
    • Subjects:
    • DOI:
      10.1111/risa.13485
    • Funding:
      Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Grant Number: Cooperative Agreement Number 5NU2RGH001913‐04‐00
    • Place as Subject:
      Nigeria
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