Human coronavirus types
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Up-to-Date Info: To find the latest CDC information on this topic go to: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html

Human coronavirus types

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    • Corporate Authors:
      National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (U.S.). Division of Viral Diseases.
    • Description:
      Coronaviruses are named for the crown-like spikes on their surface. There are four main sub-groupings of coronaviruses, known as alpha, beta, gamma, and delta.

      Human coronaviruses were first identified in the mid-1960s. The seven coronaviruses that can infect people are:

      Common human coronaviruses

      1. 229E (alpha coronavirus)

      2. NL63 (alpha coronavirus)

      3. OC43 (beta coronavirus)

      4. HKU1 (beta coronavirus)

      Other human coronaviruses

      5. MERS-CoV (the beta coronavirus that causes Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, or MERS)

      6. SARS-CoV (the beta coronavirus that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS)

      7. 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV)

      People around the world commonly get infected with human coronaviruses 229E, NL63, OC43, and HKU1.

      Sometimes coronaviruses that infect animals can evolve and make people sick and become a new human coronavirus. Three recent examples of this are 2019-nCoV, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV.

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