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Physical Activity, Cognition, and Brain Outcomes: A Review of the 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines
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June 2019
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Source: Med Sci Sports Exerc. 51(6):1242-1251
Details:
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Alternative Title:Med Sci Sports Exerc
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Personal Author:
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Description:Purpose:
Physical activity (PA) is known to improve cognitive and brain function, but debate continues regarding the consistency and magnitude of its effects, populations and cognitive domains most affected, and parameters necessary to achieve the greatest improvements (e.g., dose).
Methods:
In this umbrella review conducted in part for the 2018 Health and Human Services Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans Advisory Committee, we examined whether PA interventions enhance cognitive and brain outcomes across the lifespan, as well as in populations experiencing cognitive dysfunction (e.g., schizophrenia). Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and pooled analyses were used. We further examined whether engaging in greater amounts of PA is associated with a reduced risk of developing cognitive impairment and dementia in late adulthood.
Results:
Moderate evidence from randomized controlled trials indicates an association between moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA and improvements in cognition, including performance on academic achievement and neuropsychological tests, such as those measuring processing speed, memory, and executive function. Strong evidence demonstrates that acute bouts of moderate-to-vigorous PA have transient benefits for cognition during the post-recovery period following exercise. Strong evidence demonstrates that greater amounts of PA are associated with a reduced risk of developing cognitive impairment, including Alzheimer’s disease. The strength of the findings varies across the lifespan and in individuals with medical conditions influencing cognition.
Conclusions:
There is moderate-to-strong support that PA benefits cognitive functioning during early and late periods of the lifespan and in certain populations characterized by cognitive deficits.
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Subjects:
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Source:
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Pubmed ID:31095081
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Pubmed Central ID:PMC6527141
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Document Type:
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Funding:
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Volume:51
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Issue:6
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Main Document Checksum:
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Download URL:
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File Type:
[PDF-1.02 MB]
