Details:

Alternative Title:
Ophthalmic Epidemiol
Publisher's site:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2017.1293693
Personal Author:
Wilson, Nana ; Goodhew, Brook ; Mkocha, Harran ; Joseph, Kahaliah ; Bandea, Claudiu ; ... More +
Wilson, Nana ; Goodhew, Brook ; Mkocha, Harran ; Joseph, Kahaliah ; Bandea, Claudiu ; Black, Carolyn ; Igietseme, Joseph ; Munoz, Beatriz ; West, Sheila K. ; Lammie, Patrick ; Kasubi, Mabula ; Martin, Diana L. Less -
Description:
Trachoma, caused by repeated ocular infection with Chlamydia trachomatis, is the leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide and is targeted for elimination as a public health problem. We sought to determine whether a one-time azithromycin mass treatment would reduce trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) levels below the elimination threshold of 5% in communities with disease prevalence between 5 and 9.9%.|The study was conducted in 96 sub-village units (balozis) in the Kongwa district of Tanzania which were predicted from prior prevalence surveys to have TF between 5 and 9.9%. Balozis were randomly assigned to the intervention and control arms. The intervention arm received a single mass drug administration of azithromycin. At baseline and 12-month follow-up, ocular exams for trachoma, ocular swabs for detection of chlamydial DNA, and finger prick blood for analysis of anti-chlamydial antibody were taken.|Comparison of baseline and 12-month follow-up showed no significant difference in the overall TF| prevalence by balozi between control and treatment arms. In the treatment arm there was a significant reduction of ocular infection 12 months after treatment (p = 0.004) but no change in the control arm. No change in Pgp3-specific antibody responses were observed after treatment in the control or treatment arms. Anti-CT694 responses increased in both study arms (p = 0.009 for control arm and p = 0.04 for treatment arm).|These data suggest that a single round of MDA may not be sufficient to decrease TF levels below 5% when TF| is between 5 and 9.9% at baseline.
Subject:
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Anti-Bacterial Agents
Azithromycin
Child
Child, Preschool
Chlamydia Trachomatis
DNA, Bacterial
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Eye Infections, Bacterial
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Infant
Male
Original Articles
Prevalence
Time Factors
Trachoma
Treatment Outcome

Source:
Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2019; 26(1):1-6
Pubmed ID:
30543311
Pubmed Central ID:
PMC6352373
Document Type:
Journal Article
Place as Subject:
Tanzania
Collection(s):
CDC Public Access
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:89a480bc3c990e1ab38bb688c8de6eb2f3f473e499244f8cee33df29bdf03953
File Type:

Supporting Files

• iope-26-1293693.nxml

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