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Update on Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus Outbreaks — Democratic Republic of the Congo and Horn of Africa, 2017–2018
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March 08 2019
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Source: MMWR Morbidity Mortal Weekly Rep. 68(9):225-230
[PDF-1.92 MB]
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Journal Article:Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
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Description:Widespread use of live attenuated (Sabin) oral polioVirus vaccine (OPV) has resulted in marked progress toward global poliomyelitis eradication (1). However, in underimmunized populations, extensive person-to-person Transmission of Sabin polioVirus can result in genetic reversion to neurovirulence and paralytic vaccine-derived polioVirus (VDPV) disease (1). This report updates (as of February 26, 2019) previous reports on circulating VDPV type 2 (cVDPV2) outbreaks during 2017-2018 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and in Somalia, which experienced a concurrent cVDPV type 3 (cVDPV3) outbreak* (2,3). In DRC, 42 cases have been reported in four cVDPV2 outbreaks; paralysis onset in the most recent case was October 7, 2018 (2). Challenges to interrupting Transmission have included delays in outbreak-response supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) and difficulty reaching children in all areas. In Somalia, cVDPV2 and cVDPV3 were detected in sewage before the detection of paralytic cases (3). Twelve type 2 and type 3 cVDPV cases have been confirmed; the most recent paralysis onset dates were September 2 (cVDPV2) and September 7, 2018 (cVDPV3). The primary challenge to interrupting Transmission is the residence of >300,000 children in areas that are inaccessible for vaccination activities. For both countries, longer periods of Surveillance are needed before interruption of cVDPV Transmission can be inferred.
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ISSN:0149-2195 (print);1545-861X (digital);
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Pubmed ID:30845121
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Pubmed Central ID:PMC6421971
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Pages in Document:6 pdf pages
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Volume:68
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Issue:9
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