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Birth weight-specific infant mortality, United States, 1960 and 1980.
  • Published Date:
    1987 Mar-Apr
  • Source:
    Public Health Rep. 102(2):151-161
  • Language:
    English
Filetype[PDF-1.97 MB]


Details:
  • Personal Authors:
  • Keywords:
  • Pubmed ID:
    3104972
  • Pubmed Central ID:
    PMCnull
  • Description:
    National statistics on the risk of infant mortality by birth weight were collected most recently in 1980 and 1960. (Infant mortality risk is the number of deaths of infants under 1 year of age per 1,000 live births.) In this 20-year period, the infant mortality risk (IMR) for single-delivery infants declined 53 percent, from 23.3 deaths per 1,000 live births to 11.0; 91 percent of this decline was due to lower IMRs within birth weight categories, and 9 percent was due to reduced frequency of low birth weight. The greatest reduction in neonatal mortality (under 28 days)--73 percent--occurred among infants of 1,500-1,999 grams (g) birth weight, whereas the greatest reductions in postneonatal mortality (28 days to under 1 year)--51 percent to 54 percent--occurred among infants of 3,500 g or more birth weight. Trends in IMR for black and white infants were similar, and the twofold gap between the races in IMR persisted from 1960 to 1980. For whites, reductions in the frequency of low birth weights contributed to the decline in the IMR. For blacks, the percentage of infants with birth weights of less than 1,500 g increased, and the total reduction in the IMR was attributable to lower birth weight-specific mortality risks. In some regions of the United States, failure to observe an increase in birth weight for blacks may be a reporting artifact, reflecting improved reporting of births of very small black infants in 1980. Examination of changes in perinatal mortality risks (from 20 weeks gestation to less than 28 days of life) did not suggest that infant mortality trends were substantially affected by changes in the distinction between fetal and neonatal deaths over the 20-year period. Reducing the number of low birth weight infants remains the greatest potential for future reductions in infant mortality.

  • Document Type:
    Journal Article
  • Collection(s):
    Public Health Reports
    CDC Public Access
  • Place as Subject:
    United States
  • Main Document Checksum:
  • Supporting Files:
    No Additional Files
    1. Regional differences in birth weight-specific infant mortality, United States, 1980.
      Personal Author:
      Allen, David M.; Buehler, James W.; Hogue, Carol J. R.; Strauss, Lilo T.; Smith, Jack C.;
      Published:
      1987 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 102(2):138-145
      Description:
      To describe regional differences in birth weight-specific infant mortality in the United States, we used data from the National Infant Mortality Surveillance project. The infant mortality risk (IMR) for the nation was 11.0 deaths per 1,000 live birth...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.97 MB]
    2. The NCHS pilot project to link birth and infant death records: stage 1.
      Personal Author:
      Prager, Kate; Flinchum, Glenn A.; Johnson, David P.;
      Published:
      1987 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 102(2):216-223
      Description:
      The National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) has completed a pilot test of its method to develop national linked files of birth and infant death records. A linked file of the 1982 birth cohort was produced that successfully linked 97 percent of t...
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    3. ADAMHA goes into high gear in the prevention, research, and treatment of drug and alcohol abuse.
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      1987 Mar-Apr
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      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 102(2):123-124
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    6. Age- and sex-related blood cell values in healthy black Americans.
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      Castro, O L; Haddy, T B; Rana, S R;
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      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 102(2):232-237
      Description:
      Hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, erythrocyte count, and leukocyte count were measured, and hematocrit, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were computed electronically for 7,739 healthy black persons. The st...
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    7. Analysis of unlinked infant death certificates from the NIMS project.
      Personal Author:
      Lambert, D A; Strauss, L T;
      Published:
      1987 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 102(2):200-204
      Description:
      The National Infant Mortality Surveillance (NIMS) project used linked birth and infant death certificates to calculate birth weight-specific infant mortality risks for the 1980 U.S. birth cohort. Record linkage depends on complete registration of vit...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 913.63 KB]
    8. Overview of the National Infant Mortality Surveillance (NIMS) project--design, methods, results.
      Personal Author:
      Hogue, Carol J. R.; Buehler, James W.; Strauss, Lilo T.; Smith, Jack C.;
      Published:
      1987 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 102(2):126-138
      Description:
      The recent slowdown in the decline of infant mortality in the United States and the continued high risk of death among black infants (twice that of white infants) prompted a consortium of Public Health Service agencies to collaborate with all States ...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 2.59 MB]
    9. Young maternal age and infant mortality: the role of low birth weight.
      Personal Author:
      Friede, Andrew; Baldwin, Wendy; Rhodes, Philip H.; Buehler, James W.; Strauss, Lilo T.; Smith, Jack C.; Hogue, Carol J. R.;
      Published:
      1987 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 102(2):192-199
      Description:
      In 1980, there were 562,330 babies born in the United States to teenage mothers (19 years of age or younger). The offspring of teenage mothers have long been known to be at increased risk of infant mortality, largely because of their high prevalence ...
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    10. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and black Americans: special psychosocial issues.
      Personal Author:
      Mays, V M; Cochran, S D;
      Published:
      1987 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 102(2):224-231
      Description:
      Approximately 25 percent of persons diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have been black. This paper examines three areas of concern when focusing on AIDS in the black population: differences from whites in patterns of transmissio...
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    11. Seeking answers to the slowing progress in lowering infant mortality.
      Personal Author:
      Windom, R E
      Published:
      1987 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 102(2):121-122
      File Type:
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    12. Differences in neonatal and postneonatal mortality by race, birth weight, and gestational age.
      Personal Author:
      Sappenfield, William M.; Buehler, James W.; Binkin, Nancy J.; Hogue, Carol J. R.; Strauss, LIlo T.; Smith, Jack C.;
      Published:
      1987 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 102(2):182-192
      Description:
      In recent decades, neonatal and postneonatal mortality rates have declined overall in the United States. Yet, the mortality rates for black infants continue to be approximately twice those for white infants. With the use of data from 45 of the 53 vit...
      File Type:
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    13. Birth weight-specific infant mortality due to congenital anomalies, 1960 and 1980.
      Personal Author:
      Berry, R. J.; Buehler, James W.; Strauss, Lilo T.; Hogue, Carol J. R.; Smith, Jack C.;
      Published:
      1987 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 102(2):171-181
      Description:
      The impact of mortality due to congenital anomalies in single-delivery births was compared in 1960 and 1980 birth cohorts; data were used from the 1960 National Center for Health Statistics national linkage of birth and death certificates and the 198...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 2.33 MB]
    14. Variation in state-specific infant mortality risks.
      Personal Author:
      Marks, James S.; Buehler, James W.; Strauss, Lilo T.; Hogue, Carol J. R.; Smith, Jack C.;
      Published:
      1987 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 102(2):146-151
      Description:
      Data from the National Infant Mortality Surveillance project were used to examine the State-specific variations in infant, neonatal, and postneonatal mortality and to examine some of the factors affecting the risks of death. The infant mortality risk...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.35 MB]
    15. Experiences with linked birth and infant death certificates from the NIMS project.
      Personal Author:
      Strauss, Lilo T.; Freedman, Mary Anne; Gunter, Nits; Powell-Griner, Eve; Smith, Jack C.;
      Published:
      1987 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 102(2):204-210
      Description:
      The National Infant Mortality Surveillance (NIMS) project aggregated data provided by 53 vital statistics reporting areas--50 States, New York City, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico (subsequently called States)--from their files of linked bi...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.38 MB]
    16. Public Health Rep ; v. 102, no. 2 : table of contents
      Published:
      Mar-Apr 1987
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 102(2)
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    17. Using linked birth and infant death files for program planning and evaluation: NIMS workshop lessons.
      Personal Author:
      Zahniser, C; Halpin, G; Hollinshead, W; Kessel, S; Koontz, A;
      Published:
      1987 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 102(2):211-216
      Description:
      Health planners should base program decisions on the best information available. Combining information from different sources can be valuable in identifying problems--the essential first step in program planning. To facilitate this process, a worksho...
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    18. Birth weight-specific causes of infant mortality, United States, 1980.
      Personal Author:
      Buehler, James W.; Strauss, Lilo T.; Hogue, Carol J. R.; Smith, Jack C.;
      Published:
      1987 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 102(2):162-171
      Description:
      To describe underlying causes of infant death by birth weight, we used data from the 1980 National Infant Mortality Surveillance project and aggregated International Classification of Diseases codes into seven categories: perinatal conditions, infect...
      File Type:
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    19. Public Health Rep ; v. 102, no. 2 : Masthead
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      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 102(2)
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    20. A second opinion on Zuni diabetes.
      Personal Author:
      Walden, H A
      Published:
      1987 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 102(2):124-125
      File Type:
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