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Non-gay-identifying men who have sex with men: formative research results from Seattle, Washington.
  • Published Date:
    1996
  • Source:
    Public Health Rep. 111(Suppl 1):36-40
  • Language:
    English
Filetype[PDF-1.04 MB]


Details:
  • Alternative Title:
    Public Health Rep
  • Personal Author:
  • Description:
    Non-gay-identifying men who have sex with men are at risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. To understand these men and to develop interventions to reduce their HIV risks, the authors interviewed staff at agencies that serve non-gay-identifying men who have sex with men, business people who interact with them, and the men themselves. Interviews were augmented with focus groups of non-gay-identifying men who have sex with men and field observations at sites identified as places where they meet to negotiate or have sex. These qualitative data suggested 73 possible groups, which were consolidated into 16 broader "sectors," and then formally ranked by level of HIV risk, ease of access to the sector, psychosocial risks, and influence of other local interventions or research activities. The authors identified six priority groups of non-gay-identifying men who have sex with men (and sites where members of these groups could be approached): hustlers, closeted men, experimenters, incarcerated or formerly incarcerated men, men of color, and heterosexually identified bisexuals. Masturbation and oral sex were reportedly common, but anal and vaginal sex were also noted; condom use was rarely reported. Risk behaviors among non-gay-identifying men who have sex with men persist for a variety of reasons and may require a variety of intervention approaches.

  • Subject:
  • Pubmed ID:
    8862155
  • Pubmed Central ID:
    PMCnull
  • Document Type:
    Journal Article
  • Funding:
    U62/CCU001074-06/PHS HHS/United States
  • Collection(s):
    Public Health Reports
  • Main Document Checksum:
  • Supporting Files:
    No Additional Files
    1. Public Health Reports ; v. 111, Suppl. 1 : table of contents
      Published Date:
      1996
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 111(Suppl 1)
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 790.40 KB]
    2. Public Health Reports ; v. 111, Suppl. 1 : cover
      Published Date:
      1996
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 111(Suppl 1)
      Description:
      Special Issue: Behavioral Science in HIV Prevention.
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 809.37 KB]
    3. Public Health Reports ; v. 111, Suppl. 1 : masthead
      Published Date:
      1996
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 111(Suppl 1)
      Description:
      This special volume of Public Health Reports presents avariety of methods, based on behavioral science, that havebeen employed in developing interventions for HIV prevention,particularly for programs targeted at high-risk, hardto-reach populations. C...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 602.32 KB]
    4. Building a peer network for a community level HIV prevention program among injecting drug users in Denver.
      Personal Author:
      Simons, Paul Z.; Rietmeijer, Cornelis A.; Kane, M. Steven; Guenther-Grey, Caroly; Higgins, Donna L.; Cohn, David L.;
      Published Date:
      1996
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 111(Suppl 1):50-53
      Description:
      As part of a multi-site Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-funded initiative, a community-level HIV prevention project targeting injection drug users was implemented in the FivePoints community in Denver, Colorado. The protocol for the initia...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 789.41 KB]
    5. Quality assurance of HIV prevention counseling in a multi-center randomized controlled trial. Project RESPECT Study Group.
      Personal Author:
      Kamb, M L; Dillon, B A; Fishbein, M; Willis, K L;
      Published Date:
      1996
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 111(Suppl 1):99-107
      Description:
      Current HIV prevention counseling strategies rely largely on interventions aimed at changing behaviors. Among these is HIV prevention counseling and testing, which has been a prominent component in the federally supported strategies for HIV/AIDS prev...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.69 MB]
    6. Defining the components of street outreach for HIV prevention: the contact and the encounter.
      Personal Author:
      Valentine, J; Wright-De Agüero, L;
      Published Date:
      1996
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 111(Suppl 1):69-74
      Description:
      Health departments and community-based organizations across the United States are funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to conduct street outreach to facilitate risk reduction among a variety of hard-to-reach populations who are at...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.26 MB]
    7. A model of community mobilization for the prevention of HIV in women and infants. Prevention of HIV in Women and Infants Demonstration Projects.
      Personal Author:
      Person, B; Cotton, D;
      Published Date:
      1996
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 111(Suppl 1):89-98
      Description:
      The prevention of HIV in Women and Infants Demonstration Projects use a conceptual model for maximizing broad community participation for HIV prevention called the Community Mobilization Framework. The projects' comprehensive approach attempts to bri...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 2.02 MB]
    8. Paraprofessional delivery of a theory based HIV prevention counseling intervention for women.
      Personal Author:
      Cabral, R J; Galavotti, C; Gargiullo, P M; Armstrong, K; Cohen, A; Gielen, A C; Watkinson, L;
      Published Date:
      1996
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 111(Suppl 1):75-82
      Description:
      This report describes a mid-course process evaluation of an HIV risk-reduction counseling intervention delivered by specially trained peer paraprofessionals. One of the key questions addressed is whether paraprofessionals can successfully implement a...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.72 MB]
    9. A method to measure the costs of counseling for HIV prevention.
      Personal Author:
      Gorsky, Robin D.
      Published Date:
      1996
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 111(Suppl 1):115-122
      Description:
      This paper describes a method for estimating the true resource costs of counseling for HIV prevention. The method includes identifying the resources used in counseling, determining the true unit costs of the resources used, and calculating the total ...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.45 MB]
    10. The supplement to HIV-AIDS Surveillance project: an approach for monitoring HIV risk behaviors.
      Personal Author:
      Buehler, James W.; Diaz, Theresa; Hersh, Bradley S.; Chu, Susan Y.;
      Published Date:
      1996
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 111(Suppl 1):133-137
      Description:
      A variety of surveillance methods are used to characterize the epidemic of HIV infection and AIDS. Such surveillance includes AIDS case reporting, reporting of diagnosed HIV infections, and HIV seroprevalence surveys among targeted sentinel populatio...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.08 MB]
    11. Methodological issues in evaluating HIV prevention community planning.
      Personal Author:
      Holtgrave, David R.; Harrison, Janet; Gerber, Russell A.; Aultman, Terru V.; Scarlett, Margaret;
      Published Date:
      1996
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 111(Suppl 1):108-114
      Description:
      To be effective, HIV prevention programs should be planned in partnership with affected communities and should be built on a solid scientific foundation. In 1994, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and its prevention partners implem...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.21 MB]
    12. Development and use of role model stories in a community level HIV risk reduction intervention.
      Personal Author:
      Corby, Nancy H.; Enguídanos, Susan M.; Kay, Linda S.;
      Published Date:
      1996
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 111(Suppl 1):54-58
      Description:
      A theory-based HIV prevention intervention was implemented as part of a five-city AIDS Community Demonstration Project for the development and testing of a community-level intervention to reduce AIDS risk among historically underserved groups. This i...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.15 MB]
    13. Measuring the adoption of consistent use of condoms using the stages of change model. AIDS Community Demonstration Projects.
      Personal Author:
      Schnell, D J; Galavotti, C; Fishbein, Martin; Chan, D K;
      Published Date:
      1996
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 111(Suppl 1):59-68
      Description:
      The stages of behavior change model has been used to understand a variety of health behaviors. Since consistent condom use has been promoted as a risk-reduction behavior for prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, an algorithm for...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.63 MB]
    14. Surveillance of HIV knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors in the general population.
      Personal Author:
      Safran, Mark A.; Wilson, Ronald W.;
      Published Date:
      1996
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 111(Suppl 1):123-128
      Description:
      This article discusses methods and elements of three major national health survey systems, particularly as they relate to HIV infection and AIDS. The National Health Interview Survey and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System provide informat...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.02 MB]
    15. CDC data systems collecting behavioral data on HIV counseling and testing.
      Personal Author:
      Anderson, John E.
      Published Date:
      1996
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 111(Suppl 1):129-132
      Description:
      This paper describes two systems, the HIV Counseling and Testing Data System and the National Health Interview Survey, AIDS Knowledge and Attitudes Supplement, that collect behavioral information on HIV counseling and testing in the United States. To...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 620.00 KB]
    16. The use of theory based semistructured elicitation questionnaires: formative research for CDC's Prevention Marketing Initiative.
      Personal Author:
      Middlestadt, Susan E.; Bhattacharyya, Karabi; Rosenbaum, Julia; Fishbein, Martin; Shepherd, Melissa;
      Published Date:
      1996
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 111(Suppl 1):18-27
      Description:
      Through one of its many HIV prevention programs, the Prevention Marketing Initiative, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention promotes a multifaceted strategy for preventing the sexual transmission of HIV/AIDS among people less than 25 years o...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.71 MB]
    17. The Young Men's Survey: methods for estimating HIV seroprevalence and risk factors among young men who have sex with men.
      Personal Author:
      MacKellar, Duncan; Valleroy, Linda; Karon, John; Lemp, George; Janssen, Robert;
      Published Date:
      1996
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 111(Suppl 1):138-144
      Description:
      Traditional sampling methods are unsuitable for determining the levels of human immunodeficiency virus type I infection and related behavioral risk factors among young men who have sex with men. Most surveys of this hard-to-reach population have used...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.48 MB]
    18. Adaptation of behavioral theory to CDC's HIV prevention research: experience at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
      Personal Author:
      Leviton, Laura C.; O'Reilly, Kevin;
      Published Date:
      1996
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 111(Suppl 1):11-17
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.46 MB]
    19. Developing community networks to deliver HIV prevention interventions.
      Personal Author:
      Guenther-Grey, C; Noroian, D; Fonseka, J; Higgins, D;
      Published Date:
      1996
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 111(Suppl 1):41-49
      Description:
      Outreach has a long history in health and social service programs as an important method for reaching at-risk persons within their communities. One method of "outreach" is based on the recruitment of networks of community members (or "networkers") to...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.98 MB]