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Cognitive laboratory approach to designing questionnaires for surveys of the elderly.
  • Published Date:
    1990 Sep-Oct
  • Source:
    Public Health Rep. 105(5):518-524
  • Language:
    English
Filetype[PDF-1.30 MB]


Details:
  • Alternative Title:
    Public Health Rep
  • Personal Author:
  • Description:
    Data from surveys of the elderly are used by policy analysts to design health services programs. Consequently, the quality of survey data on elderly respondents has important implications for this growing segment of society: improving the quality of data should result in more cost effective programs for the elderly. However, studies suggest that the quality of responses from the elderly may be less than that for other respondents. Moreover, the increasing needs of policy analysts and health researchers for data have resulted in more complex survey questions that place a high cognitive burden on respondents. New methods for improving the design of these questionnaires are needed. This project investigated whether new techniques of questionnaire design, adapted from the theories and methods of cognitive psychology, could be effectively used in interviewing older respondents. The techniques used in this study, concurrent think-aloud interviews with followup probe questions, have been shown recently to be effective with younger respondents. Problems that elderly respondents have in comprehending survey questions, retrieving relevant information from memory, and using decision processes to estimate and provide answers were investigated. Questions on functional ability and social support were taken from the 1984 Supplement on Aging to the National Health Interview Survey. Analysis of respondents' think-aloud protocols and responses to probes suggest that the cognitive interview procedures were effective in identifying problems with the survey questions that would result in data of poorer quality and in suggesting the wording of questions that would be likely to result in answers of greater validity and reliability. Implications of these results for survey design and validation studies are discussed.
  • Subject:
  • Pubmed ID:
    2120731
  • Pubmed Central ID:
    PMCnull
  • Document Type:
    Journal Article
  • Collection(s):
    Public Health Reports
  • Main Document Checksum:
  • Supporting Files:
    No Additional Files
    1. A priority rating system for public health programs.
      Personal Author:
      Vilnius, D; Dandoy, S;
      Published Date:
      1990 Sep-Oct
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 105(5):463-470
      Description:
      When resources are limited, decisions must be made regarding which public health activities to undertake. A priority rating system, which incorporates various data sources, can be used to quantify disease problems or risk factors, or both. The model ...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.62 MB]
    2. PROGRAMS, PRACTICES, PEOPLE
      Published Date:
      1990 Sep-Oct
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 105(5):540-544
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.03 MB]
    3. AIDS-related knowledge, attitudes, and precautionary behaviors among emergency medical professionals.
      Personal Author:
      Smyser, M S; Bryce, J; Joseph, J G;
      Published Date:
      1990 Sep-Oct
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 105(5):496-504
      Description:
      AIDS-related knowledge, attitudes, and precautionary behaviors were assessed among a random sample of Michigan-licensed emergency medical service (EMS) professionals between June and August 1988. Of 2,000 mailed questionnaires, 1,020 were returned (5...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.77 MB]
    4. Patterns of rates of mortality from narcotics and cocaine overdose in Texas, 1976-87.
      Personal Author:
      Harlow, K C
      Published Date:
      1990 Sep-Oct
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 105(5):455-462
      Description:
      Drug overdose mortality data for narcotics and cocaine for Texas for 1976-87 reveal a cyclic pattern of narcotics mortality falling from 0.92 per 100,000 population in 1976 to a low of 0.13 in 1979, and rising to 0.62 in 1986. The data also show a sh...
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    5. Health practice correlates in three adult age groups: results from two community surveys.
      Personal Author:
      Rakowski, W; Lefebvre, R C; Assaf, A R; Lasater, T M; Carleton, R A;
      Published Date:
      1990 Sep-Oct
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 105(5):481-491
      Description:
      Independently done surveys of a target population can make an important contribution to knowledge about the determinants of personal health behavior by highlighting variables that consistently emerge as significant predictors. This investigation exam...
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    6. Public Health Rep ; v. 105, no. 5 : Masthead
      Published Date:
      Sep-Oct 1990
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 105(5)
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 393.82 KB]
    7. Effects of type of ownership of skilled nursing facilities on residents' mortality rates in Illinois.
      Personal Author:
      Bell, R; Krivich, M;
      Published Date:
      1990 Sep-Oct
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 105(5):515-518
      Description:
      The effect of ownership on the quality and cost of care in skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) was examined using unadjusted and adjusted mortality rates for such facilities in Illinois for the 1986-87 reporting year. Results indicated that when using ...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 699.16 KB]
    8. Renal cancer and cigarette smoking in a 26-year followup of U.S. veterans.
      Personal Author:
      McLaughlin, J K; Hrubec, Z; Heineman, E F; Blot, W J; Fraumeni, J F;
      Published Date:
      1990 Sep-Oct
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 105(5):535-537
      Description:
      The cigarette smoking habits of a cohort of almost 250,000 U. S. veterans were analyzed for their relationship to renal cancer. Information on smoking habits was collected in 1954 and in 1957 for nonrespondents to the first effort. Of the veterans, 8...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 485.53 KB]
    9. Sanitary product use by white, black, and Mexican American women.
      Personal Author:
      Finkelstein, J W; von Eye, A;
      Published Date:
      1990 Sep-Oct
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 105(5):491-496
      Description:
      In 1988-89, the use of menstrual sanitary products was surveyed among 699 white, 477 black, and 425 Mexican American women to detect age and racial or ethnic differences in product use that might explain the differences in the incidence of toxic shoc...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 978.84 KB]
    10. Providing cost efficient detoxification services to alcoholic patients.
      Personal Author:
      Beshai, N N
      Published Date:
      1990 Sep-Oct
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 105(5):475-481
      Description:
      The literature was reviewed to determine whether social model detoxification programs are safe and adequate for treating persons with alcohol withdrawal symptoms. The alcohol withdrawal syndrome has three stages. Each stage, more severe than the last...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.38 MB]
    11. Prenatal care comparisons among privately insured, uninsured, and Medicaid-enrolled women.
      Personal Author:
      Oberg, C N; Lia-Hoagberg, B; Hodkinson, E; Skovholt, C; Vanman, R;
      Published Date:
      1990 Sep-Oct
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 105(5):533-535
      Description:
      Women without health insurance and those covered by Medicaid have been shown to obtain prenatal care later in pregnancy and make fewer visits for care than do women with private insurance. Factors that keep women from obtaining care include inadequat...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 481.78 KB]
    12. Public Health Rep ; v. 105, no. 5 : table of contents
      Published Date:
      Sep-Oct 1990
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 105(5)
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 466.36 KB]
    13. Sentinel surveillance of HIV infection among new inmates and implications for policies of corrections facilities.
      Personal Author:
      Patel, K K; Hutchinson, C; Sienko, D G;
      Published Date:
      1990 Sep-Oct
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 105(5):510-514
      Description:
      Seroprevalence surveys of incoming inmates provide useful sentinel information on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection rates among groups that practice HIV-associated high-risk behaviors. In addition, such data are beneficial to corrections o...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.06 MB]
    14. Comparison of three inducement techniques to improve compliance in a health survey conducted by telephone.
      Personal Author:
      Hornik, J; Zaig, T; Shadmon, D; Barbash, G I;
      Published Date:
      1990 Sep-Oct
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 105(5):524-529
      Description:
      The use of telephone interviews for epidemiologic and public health studies has increased in recent years. Since telephone surveys are susceptible to lower response rates than personal interviews, several attempts have been reported to increase respo...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.22 MB]
    15. "Healthy People 2000": an overview of the national health promotion and disease prevention objectives.
      Personal Author:
      Mason, J O; McGinnis, J M;
      Published Date:
      1990 Sep-Oct
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 105(5):441-446
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.14 MB]
    16. Dental decay rates among children of migrant workers in Yakima, WA.
      Personal Author:
      Koday, M; Rosenstein, D I; Lopez, G M;
      Published Date:
      1990 Sep-Oct
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 105(5):530-533
      Description:
      The literature documents a significant decline in the prevalence of dental caries among children. Unfortunately, dental decay rates of children of migrant workers remain high. This study collected data from 885 migrant children in central Washington....
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 843.58 KB]
    17. Drug users' AIDS-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors before and after AIDS education sessions.
      Personal Author:
      Dengelegi, L; Weber, J; Torquato, S;
      Published Date:
      1990 Sep-Oct
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 105(5):504-510
      Description:
      The investigators interviewed 100 drug users in a detoxification facility before and after they received information about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The drug users already had a considerable amo...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.21 MB]
    18. Public Health Reports ; v. 105 , no. 5 : cover
      Published Date:
      Sep-Oct 1990
      Source:
      Public Health Rep 105 (5)
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 570.77 KB]
    19. Comparing death certificate data with FBI crime reporting statistics on U.S. homicides.
      Personal Author:
      Rokaw, William M.; Mercy, James A.; Smith, Jack C.;
      Published Date:
      1990 Sep-Oct
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 105(5):447-455
      Description:
      Both the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) Mortality System and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Uniform Crime Reporting System measure the numbers and characteristics of homicide in the United States. There are important differen...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 2.39 MB]
    20. Use of diagnostic imaging procedures and fetal monitoring devices in the care of pregnant women.
      Personal Author:
      Moore, Roscoe M.; Jeng, Lana L.; Kaczmarek, Ronald G.; Placek, Paul J.;
      Published Date:
      1990 Sep-Oct
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 105(5):471-475
      Description:
      Medical devices and diagnostic imaging procedures such as ultrasound, X-rays, and electronic fetal monitoring devices are used in the medical care of many pregnant women today. The responsibility for the safety and effectiveness of these diagnostic t...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 868.96 KB]
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