Details:

Alternative Title:
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
Publisher's site:
http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6742a5
Personal Author:
Jorba, Jaume ; Diop, Ousmane M. ; Iber, Jane ; Henderson, Elizabeth ; Zhao, Kun ; ... More +
Jorba, Jaume ; Diop, Ousmane M. ; Iber, Jane ; Henderson, Elizabeth ; Zhao, Kun ; Sutter, Roland W. ; Wassilak, Steven G.F. ; Burns, Cara C. ; Less -
Description:
Since the Global Polio Eradication Initiative was launched in 1988 (1), the number of polio cases worldwide has declined by >99.99%. Among the three wild poliovirus (WPV) serotypes, only type 1 (WPV1) has been detected since 2012. This decline is attributable primarily to use of the live, attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) in national routine immunization schedules and mass vaccination campaigns. The success and safety record of OPV use is offset by the rare emergence of genetically divergent vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs), whose genetic drift from the parental OPV strains indicates prolonged replication or circulation (2). Circulating VDPVs (cVDPVs) can emerge in areas with low immunization coverage and can cause outbreaks of paralytic polio. In addition, immunodeficiency-associated VDPVs (iVDPVs) can emerge in persons with primary immunodeficiencies and can replicate and be excreted for years. This report presents data on VDPVs detected during January 2017-June 2018 and updates previous VDPV summaries (3). During this reporting period, new cVDPV outbreaks were detected in five countries. Fourteen newly identified persons in nine countries were found to excrete iVDPVs. Ambiguous VDPVs (aVDPVs), isolates that cannot be classified definitively, were found among immunocompetent persons and environmental samples in seven countries.
Subject:
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Disease Outbreaks
Full Report
Global Health
Humans
Poliomyelitis
Poliovirus
Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral
Serotyping

Source:
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018 ; 67(42):1189-1194;
DOI:
mmwr.mm675152e1
Pubmed ID:
30359342
Pubmed Central ID:
PMC6290814
Document Type:
Journal Article ;
Collection(s):
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:1e97024f89c02f70af5049da18a62aae662043186ebae58325e8fe2c077f1fc3
File Type:

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