Malaria surveillance : 1970 annual report
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Malaria surveillance : 1970 annual report

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      In 1970, 3,997 cases of malaria were reported in the United States. This represents a 5.0 percent increase over the 3,806 cases reported during a similar time period for 1969. This increase was due entirely to a greater number of military cases imported from Vietnam. In 1970, 96.2 percent of all cases reported in the United States were acquired in Vietnam. As in previous years, imported Plasmodium vivax infections were more common than imported P. falciparum infections (81.6 vs. 12.5 percent).

      Army personnel accounted for 82.9 percent of all Vietnam-acquired infections in 1970, and the total number of Army cases (3,182) represented a 13.8 percent increase over 1969. This increase in Army cases could not be attributed to improved reporting or to increased numbers of returnees, for the number of Army returnees was lower in 1970 than in 1969. The Marines accounted for 10.9 percent of all Vietnam-acquired cases, compared to 19.2 percent in 1969.

      Sixteen persons acquired their malaria infections within the United States, the highest total since 1953, and at least nine of these infections were related to malaria cases imported from Vietnam. Two were introduced cases due to £. vivax. Six cases, five with P. vivax and one with P. falciparum, were induced by the sharing of syringes and needles among heroin users. Eight cases were induced by blood transfusion.

      There were only three malaria deaths, compared with nine in 1969, and all were due to P. falciparum. All occurred in persons who had recently returned from Africa: two foreign seamen and an American tourist.

    • Content Notes:
      I. SUMMARY -- II. TERMINOLOGY -- III. GENERAL SURVEILLANCE INFORMATION -- IV. MILITARY MALARIA IMPORTED FROM VIETNAM -- V. CIVILIAN MALARIA IMPORTED FROM ABROAD -- VI. MALARIA ACQUIRED IN THE UNITED STATES -- VII. DEATHS DUE TO MALARIA IN THE UNITED STATES -- VIII. REPORT FROM THE NATIONAL MALARIA REPOSITORY -- IX. ACKNOWLEDGMENT.
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