Food Insecurity, CKD, and Subsequent ESRD in US Adults

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Am J Kidney Dis
• Personal Author:
  Banerjee, Tanushree ; Crews, Deidra C. ; Wesson, Donald E. ; Dharmarajan, Sai ; Saran, Rajiv ; Burrows, Nilka Ríos ; Saydah, Sharon ; Powe, Neil R.
• Description:
  Background
  
  Poor access to food among low income adults has been recognized as a risk factor for CKD, but there is no data on the impact of food insecurity on progression to ESRD. We hypothesized that food insecurity would be independently associated with risk of ESRD among persons with and without CKD.
  
  Study Design
  
  Longitudinal cohort study
  
  Setting & Participants
  
  2,320 adults (≥20 years) with CKD and 10,448 adults with ‘No-CKD’ enrolled in NHANES III (1988–1994) with household income ≤400% of the federal poverty level linked to Medicare ESRD Registry for a median follow-up period of 12 years.
  
  Predictor
  
  Food insecurity, defined as an affirmative response to the food insecurity screening question.
  
  Outcome
  
  Development of treated ESRD.
  
  Measurements
  
  Demographics, income, diabetes, hypertension, eGFR, and albuminuria. DAL was estimated from the 24-hr dietary recall. We used a Fine-Gray competing risk model to estimate the relative hazard [RH] for ESRD associated with food insecurity after adjusting for covariates.
  
  Results
  
  4.5% adults with CKD were food insecure. Food insecure individuals were more likely to be younger, have diabetes (29.9%) and hypertension (73.9%), or have albuminuria (90.4%) as compared to their counterparts (V p<0.05). Median DAL in the food secure vs. food insecure group was 51.2 mEq/day vs 55.6 mEq/day, respectively (p=0.05). Food insecure adults were more likely to develop ESRD (RH [95% CI]: 1.38 [1.08–3.10]) compared to food secure adults after adjustment for demographics, income, diabetes, hypertension, eGFR and albuminuria. In the No-CKD group, 5.7% were food insecure. Here, we did not find a significant association between food insecurity and ESRD (0.77 [0.40–1.49]).
  
  Limitations
  
  use of a single 24-hr diet recall, lack of laboratory follow-up data, and measure of changes in food insecurity over time; follow-up of the cohort ended 10 years ago.
  
  Conclusion
  
  Among individuals with CKD, food insecurity was independently associated with a higher likelihood of developing ESRD. Innovative approaches to address food insecurity should be tested for their impact on CKD outcomes.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Adult Aged Cohort Studies Disease Progression Female Food Supply Humans Kidney Failure, Chronic Longitudinal Studies Male Middle Aged Renal Insufficiency, Chronic Risk Factors United States Young Adult

  More +
• Source:
  Am J Kidney Dis. 70(1):38-47
• Pubmed ID:
  28215947
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC5765854
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  K23 DK097184/DK/NIDDK NIH HHSUnited States/ ; K24 DK103992/DK/NIDDK NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U58 DP003839/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  70
• Issue:
  1
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:047e8f6613fa623fa884f70c14da762ab8016e0ad8cd2b1472bc5e7e4d928cba
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/56638/cdc_56638_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 503.39 KB ]