Details:

Alternative Title:
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
Publisher's site:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006353
Personal Author:
Oyas, Harry ; Holmstrom, Lindsey ; Kemunto, Naomi P. ; Muturi, Matthew ; Mwatondo, Athman ; ... More +
Oyas, Harry ; Holmstrom, Lindsey ; Kemunto, Naomi P. ; Muturi, Matthew ; Mwatondo, Athman ; Osoro, Eric ; Bitek, Austine ; Bett, Bernard ; Githinji, Jane W. ; Thumbi, Samuel M. ; Widdowson, Marc-Alain ; Munyua, Peninah M. ; Njenga, M. Kariuki Less -
Description:
Background

In mid-2015, the United States’ Pandemic Prediction and Forecasting Science and Technical Working Group of the National Science and Technology Council, Food and Agriculture Organization Emergency Prevention Systems, and Kenya Meteorological Department issued an alert predicting a high possibility of El-Niño rainfall and Rift Valley Fever (RVF) epidemic in Eastern Africa.

Methodology/Principal findings

In response to the alert, the Kenya Directorate of Veterinary Services (KDVS) carried out an enhanced syndromic surveillance system between November 2015 and February 2016, targeting 22 RVF high-risk counties in the country as identified previously through risk mapping. The surveillance collected data on RVF-associated syndromes in cattle, sheep, goats, and camels from >1100 farmers through 66 surveillance officers. During the 14-week surveillance period, the KDVS received 10,958 reports from participating farmers and surveillance officers, of which 362 (3.3%) had at least one syndrome. The reported syndromes included 196 (54.1%) deaths in young livestock, 133 (36.7%) abortions, and 33 (9.1%) hemorrhagic diseases, with most occurring in November and December, the period of heaviest rainfall. Of the 69 herds that met the suspect RVF herd definition (abortion in flooded area), 24 (34.8%) were defined as probable (abortions, mortalities in the young ones, and/or hemorrhagic signs) but none were confirmed.

Conclusion/Significance

This surveillance activity served as an early warning system that could detect RVF disease in animals before spillover to humans. It was also an excellent pilot for designing and implementing syndromic surveillance in animals in the country, which is now being rolled out using a mobile phone-based data reporting technology as part of the global health security system.


Subject:
[+]
Animal Diseases Animals Disease Outbreaks El Nino-Southern Oscillation Epidemics Livestock Rain Rift Valley Fever Rift Valley Fever Virus Sentinel Surveillance
Source:
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 12(4).
Pubmed ID:
29698487
Pubmed Central ID:
PMC5919633
Document Type:
Journal Article
Place as Subject:
Kenya
Collection(s):
CDC Public Access
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:1d90d14ca6c08e8303486c0050664407a5dc60793431ed6e8b97cfabdea14c67
Download URL:
https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/55638/cdc_55638_DS1.pdf
File Type:

Supporting Files

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