Details:

Alternative Title:
J Prim Prev
Personal Author:
Johns, Michelle Marie ; Beltran, Oscar ; Armstrong, Heather L. ; Jayne, Paula E. ; Barrios, Lisa C.
Johns, Michelle Marie ; Beltran, Oscar ; Armstrong, Heather L. ; Jayne, Paula E. ; Barrios, Lisa C. Less -
Description:
Transgender and gender variant (GV) youth experience elevated risk for poor health and academic outcomes due mainly to social experiences of stigma and discrimination. To supplement the growing evidence on health risks encountered by transgender/GV youth, we identified factors theorized to be protective for these youth across all four levels of Bronfenbrenner's socioecological model (individual, relationship, community, societal). We conducted a systematic search of peer-reviewed research. The articles included in this review were published in peer-reviewed journals in English or Spanish between 1999 and 2014, analyzed data from a sample or subsample of transgender or GV participants with a mean age between 10 and 24 years, and examined the relationship of at least one theorized protective factor to a health or behavioral outcome. Twenty-one articles met inclusion criteria. Transgender/GV youth in included articles ranged from 11 to 26 years of age, were racially/ethnically diverse, and represented varied gender identities. Within these articles, 27 unique protective factors across four levels of the ecological model were identified as related to positive health and well-being. Self-esteem at the individual level, healthy relationships with parents and peers at the relationship-level, and gay-straight alliances at the community level emerged as protective factors across multiple studies. Our findings underscore the relative lack of research on transgender/GV youth and protective factors. Novel recruitment strategies for transgender/GV youth and better measurement of transgender identities are needed to confirm these protective relationships and identify others. Growth in these areas will contribute to building a body of evidence to inform interventions.
Subjects:
[+]
Adolescent Child Female Humans Male Protective Factors Social Stigma Transgender Persons Young Adult
Keywords:
[+]
Gender Variance Protective Factors Transgender Youth
Source:
J Prim Prev. 39(3):263-301
Pubmed ID:
29700674
Pubmed Central ID:
PMC5976555
Document Type:
Journal Article
Funding:
CC999999/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
Collection(s):
CDC Public Access
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:1effc7869591b852ac6898e67f54cd9ba7a211242ec4d58c264683d111142991
Download URL:
https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/55384/cdc_55384_DS1.pdf
File Type:

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